Currently, many people suffer from myocardial dystrophy disease. What it is and how to treat it - not everyone knows. Myocardial dystrophy (MKD for short) includes a group of heart diseases that are non-inflammatory in nature. With the disease, there is a decrease in the contractile function of the heart, its excitability, conductivity, automatism and a violation of the metabolic processes of the myocardium.
Causes of myocardial dystrophy
Myocardial dystrophy of the heart muscle occurs due to strong stress on the heart during improper and intense training. Also, unbalanced nutrition, short rest, constant interruption of sleep can provoke the appearance of MKD. Other common factors in the development of myocardial dystrophy include:
- infectious diseases in the phase of inflammation;
- chronic tonsillitis;
- intoxication of the body (poisoning, alcohol, cigarettes, drugs);
- overweight;
- myxedema;
- avitaminosis;
- sugardiabetes;
- thyrotoxicosis;
- anemia;
- radiation;
- muscular dystrophy;
- genital inflammation;
- collagenosis;
- appearance of menopause in women;
- overheating;
- lack of potassium in the body;
- Cushing's syndrome;
- starvation;
- prolonged stay on mono-diets;
- deposition of s alts in the heart muscle.
MKD symptoms
Signs of myocardial dystrophy can most often be seen only during intense physical exertion. At rest, the disease is passive. Symptoms of MKD can very often be confused with other diseases, so myocardial dystrophy is quite difficult to identify and diagnose at the primary stage. The main signs of MKD disease:
- cramping or aching chest pain;
- fatigue;
- powerlessness;
- a state of depression;
- dyspnea on movement;
- weakness;
- palpitations;
- pain in the heart area;
- intermittent work of the heart muscle;
- arrhythmia;
- apical systolic murmur;
- slow heart rate.
In chronic cases of myocardial dystrophy of the heart, treatment, symptoms - all this takes on a complex character. The patient has severe shortness of breath at rest, an enlarged liver, and the appearance of edema.
MKD treatment
In myocardial dystrophy disease, symptoms, causes and treatment play a leading role. Importantconsult a doctor at the first signs. In this case, there is a chance for a speedy recovery.
A cardiologist will be able to solve a number of problems that have arisen:
- identify the cause of the disease;
- diagnose in time;
- prescribe adequate therapy.
This kind of treatment should be carried out in a hospital under the supervision of medical specialists.
When seeking help, a cardiologist will first of all take readings on an electrocardiogram (ECG), do an ultrasound of the heart and give advice on adjusting your usual lifestyle. A balanced diet must be introduced to restore the normal functioning of the metabolism, and any physical work is also excluded. As a rule, bed rest is not recommended for patients with myocardial dystrophy.
Next, the doctor conducts a study of tests to identify infectious foci that caused myocardial dystrophy. If any are found, they are sanitized.
Medical therapy is also indicated. Very often, doctors prescribe pills that restore metabolism in the myocardium: Mexicor and Trimetazidine. They have an antihypoxic and cytoprotective effect. The drugs are prescribed in a course of up to two months, 1 tablet 3 times a day.
To normalize the ECG and increase the level of potassium in the body, take "Asparkam" or "Panangin" 1 tablet 3 times a day.
Neuroleptics and tranquilizers, such as Sonopax, Coaxil, are sometimes prescribed to calm the nervous system.
It is important to know that any drugsimmediately before their use must be agreed with the attending physician. It is necessary to strictly follow the recommended dosage and rules for taking pills.
MKD classification
Classification of the disease myocardial dystrophy - what is it? These are actually species according to the etiological characteristics of the disease myocardial dystrophy. The classification is represented by the following forms of MKD:
- allergic;
- mixed genesis;
- complex genesis;
- hyperfunctionogenic;
- neurovegetative;
- hormonal (endocrine diseases and age-related dyshormonosis);
- hereditary diseases;
- dysmetabolic (anemia, dystrophy, beriberi);
- intoxication (poisoning, infectious diseases, alcohol, smoking, drug addiction).
- alimentary;
- radiation;
- closed chest injury.
Dishormonal MKD
Dishormonal myocardial dystrophy - what is it?
Dishormonal myocardial dystrophy is a heart disease caused by dysfunction of the thyroid gland. During hypothyroidism (decreased function), the body's metabolism slows down, blood pressure drops, swelling and prolonged aching pain appear. With thyrotoxicosis (increased thyroid function), metabolism accelerates and contributes to rapid weight loss. Also, the patient feels stabbing heart pains, thirst, excessive nervousness; disturbed heart rate and sleep.
Symptoms of dishormonal MKD are:
- dizziness;
- lack of air;
- disturbed sleep;
- stabbing pains in the region of the heart;
- irritability and stuff.
As a rule, such myocardial dystrophy occurs in women from 45 to 50 years old, since at this age the ovarian function fails. Men aged 50-55 are also susceptible to this disease due to impaired testosterone production.
Treatment
In case of dyshormonal myocardial dystrophy, treatment is prescribed in the form of specific tips and recommendations for maintaining a he althy lifestyle. Mobility plays an important role here:
- relaxation;
- therapeutic gymnastics (6-7 minutes a day);
- swimming and other low-impact sports.
Every morning you need to take a contrast shower for 10 minutes. You should follow the diet, exclude flour, smoked and fatty foods.
If the methods of maintaining a he althy lifestyle do not bring proper results, doctors turn to drug therapy: "Belloid", "Valerian", "Bellataminal". If it is required to reduce the excitability of the nervous system, then tranquilizers are prescribed, for example, Mebicar. This drug does not cause drowsiness, does not affect the decline in working capacity and does not interfere with the coordination of movements. The daily dose reaches three tablets. If "Mebicar" is ineffective, it is replaced with another drug.
MKD mixed genesis
Myocardial dystrophy of mixed genesishas a negative effect on the heart muscle, deforming it over time. As a result, the ventricular tissue is stretched, flabbiness and thinning of the septum appear.
Symptoms
Signs of myocardial dystrophy of mixed genesis are "disguised" as the disease of myocardial dystrophy. Symptoms and treatment in this case are very similar:
- shortness of breath on exertion;
- high fatigue;
- tachycardia;
- powerlessness;
- intermittent heart rate.
With the rapid development of the disease, a person experiences malfunctions and disturbances in the heart rhythm, as well as heart failure.
Treatment
Therapy of myocardial dystrophy of mixed genesis requires increased attention from doctors, since the patient's life will depend on the outcome of its treatment.
Modern scientists in the field of medicine claim that the most effective and correct method of treating a disease today is the use of stem cells. They are injected into the patient's body, they attach to he althy heart cells. Recovery of the heart muscles occurs due to the expulsion of diseased cells by he althy ones. This principle of treatment favorably affects the restoration of blood vessels, the resorption of cholesterol plaques and other layers that block the normal circulation of oxygen.
MKD of complex genesis
Myocardial dystrophy of complex genesis is one of the varieties of the common disease myocardial dystrophy. What is it and what are its causes?The disease affects the heart muscle and is non-inflammatory in nature. Factors affecting the formation of MKD of complex origin are not associated with heart disease:
- intoxication of the body (poisoning, alcohol, drugs, cigarettes);
- endocrine dysfunction;
- metabolic failure.
Symptoms and treatment of complex MKD
This myocardial dystrophy (its symptoms and treatment, in principle, are very similar to any other heart disease) manifests itself in tachycardia, shortness of breath, heart failure, chest pain, fatigue, chills.
In the treatment, first of all, the cause of the MKD of complex genesis is eliminated. Doctors prescribe various kinds of medicines: Potassium Orotate, Nerobol, Cardiomagnyl and others. Such drugs restore myocardial metabolism.
However, without following the correct daily routine and nutrition, the pills will be ineffective, so you should stick to a he althy and active lifestyle.
Approaching the treatment of the disease in a complex way, you can count on a speedy recovery and improvement in general condition.
Secondary MKD
MKD itself is a secondary heart disease. Therefore, secondary myocardial dystrophy does not have predominant differences in its manifestation and treatment. The main signs are added only pain in the heart and chest area, as well as arrhythmia. This form of the disease most often develops in women during menopause, when the ovaries are disrupted.
Myocardial dystrophy in children
Very often children and teenagers are prone to MKD. This is often due to a number of factors:
- mental and emotional stress of children;
- irrational physical stress;
- malnutrition;
- lack of protein in the body;
- improper child care;
- infectious diseases in advanced stage.
Myocardial dystrophy in children is not very pronounced and is asymptomatic, so if you suspect a heart problem, you should immediately consult a cardiologist.
If this disease occurs, then it is better to cure it in childhood in order to eliminate the risk of further development of MKD and its harmful effects on the child's body.
Diagnosis
Detection of myocardial dystrophy in children, as in adults, is carried out by standard measures: ultrasound of the heart, ECG and examination by a cardiologist, after which the final diagnosis is made.
Treatment and prevention
The duration and effectiveness of treatment of MKD in children depends on the pathology of the development of the disease, which provoked myocardial dystrophy. Most often, children are prescribed preparations of potassium and magnesium s alts. These drugs restore metabolic processes in the myocardium, normalize the ECG, eliminate electrolyte cellular disorders, replenish the body with potassium and magnesium.
It is also possible to use sedatives in combination with psychotherapy and acupuncture.
The most effective prevention of myocardial dystrophy in children is a he althy and active lifestyle. Therefore, it is very important to teach a child to this from an early age, so that in adulthood he can easily adhere to proper nutrition and give up bad habits.
Myocardial dystrophy according to ICD-10
ICD-10 is the tenth revision of the International Classification of Diseases. In this hierarchy, any disease has its own unique code, by which it can be easily identified. For example, myocardial dystrophy disease: ICD code 10: I42.
Currently, this classification is actively used by doctors around the world. It is able to get rid of inaccuracies in the name of diseases and allows doctors from different countries to exchange professional experience.
As it turned out, the disease myocardial dystrophy threatens with very serious consequences and adversely affects the functioning of the body as a whole. Of course, it is best to prevent any disease than to exhaust yourself with a long treatment. To do this, a number of preventive measures are being taken to maintain the normal functionality of the body and exclude factors for the development of the disease.
