As a result of impaired renal activity and homeostasis disorders, renal failure develops. In the body, the acid-base balance and water-electrolyte balance are disturbed, the state of he alth noticeably worsens. Renal
insufficiency, the symptoms and treatment of which have not received sufficient attention, easily becomes chronic. How to recognize the disease in time and what is needed for recovery?
Types and causes of disease
There are two types of kidney failure: acute and chronic. The first appears suddenly, and the second gradually progresses. In the acute form, the process of excretion of nitrogen metabolism products slows down or stops sharply, disrupting the water, electrolyte, acid-base and osmotic balances, and with them the he althy composition of the blood. In the chronic form, such a symptom of renal failure as impaired metabolism manifests itself slowly. The kidney tissue dies, causing the body to gradually enter a state of intoxication. The acute form develops on the basis of other diseases, as well as due to a state of shock, massive bleeding, heart failure,poisoning with poisons, damage to the vessels of the kidneys and urinary tract. The chronic form may be associated with diabetes mellitus, hypertension, scleroderma, lupus, urolithiasis, or pyelonephritis. In the presence of these diseases, the state of the body should be constantly monitored to prevent
kidney failure.
Symptoms of disease
The main difference between the forms of the disease lies in the speed of their development. The symptom of kidney failure can develop rapidly and disappear quickly if treated on time. Kidney cells are completely restored in such a situation. A completely different result leaves behind chronic renal failure. Its symptoms are not so obvious, so the kidneys can be destroyed for ten years. If a disease is detected, its course can be suspended, but a complete restoration of renal function will be almost impossible. In addition to metabolic disorders, acute renal failure has symptoms such as fever, muscle pain, chills, vomiting, headache, sometimes jaundice, anemia, and seizures. In shock conditions, loss of consciousness and pallor, low blood pressure are manifested. In chronic cases, the volume of urine excreted changes, swelling appears in the morning, weakness and general malaise are characteristic of patients. In the terminal stages, the disease manifests itself as massive
edema, shortness of breath, uremia, visual impairmentand high blood pressure.
Treatment of disease
If you notice any symptom of kidney failure, see your doctor right away. In different cases, detoxification with hemodialysis or saline infusion, antibacterial agents, transfusion of blood or its components, hormonal preparations may be required. For the treatment of chronic deficiency, detoxification therapy and diet are recommended. If the cause of the disease is anatomical changes, surgical intervention is possible. In diabetes mellitus, metabolism is corrected, and in autoimmune diseases, glucocorticoid hormones and cytostatics are prescribed. If the symptom of renal failure is left unattended, the patient's condition can go into the terminal stage with a fatal outcome. In some cases, the patient can be saved with a he althy kidney transplant.
