Hemorrhoids are a common disease that develops due to the weakness of the walls of the veins in the anus. It can appear in both women and men. Starting from the second stage of the disease, the rectum begins to fall out, pain appears, blood is released, and hemorrhoids form. This ailment is not something dangerous: modern methods of therapy make it quite easy to cope with it. What to do if a hemorrhoid fell out, photos of the consequences and drugs for therapy are presented in this article.
Classification of hemorrhoidal disease
Depending on the type and stage of the disease, symptoms and treatment will differ. If the disease is running, only surgery will help.
Symptoms that with a high degree of probability allow us to say that the cause of the ailment is precisely in hemorrhoidal disease:
- itching at the anus;
- bleedingafter and during bowel movements;
- frequent constipation;
- rectal prolapse;
- knots at the site of the anus;
- constant feeling of bowel fullness;
- pain during bowel movements.
Medicine distinguishes three types of hemorrhoids:
- internal, in which damage to the veins, vessels and capillaries develop inside the rectum;
- external, in which hemorrhoids fall out, rectum;
- mixed, which is characterized by a combination of symptoms of the internal and external forms.
Each form can be successfully treated with medication. The fastest treatment is in the first stage. If the patient has reached the third stage of the disease, then surgical treatment is most often necessary. If the fallen hemorrhoid is too large, it will be dissected; if it is small (up to a centimeter in diameter), it will simply be cut off with a scalpel. This is a relatively simple operation and is performed under local anesthesia.
Treatment is more difficult if internal hemorrhoids are complicated by nodular formations. In the absence of adequate treatment at the first and second stages of the disease, rather complex operations have to be performed, while the patient is subjected to general anesthesia.
Symptoms of external hemorrhoids
For external, or, as it is also called, external, hemorrhoids, the following symptoms are characteristic:
- at the initial stage - pain in the anus, which is felt when straining;
- bleeding and mucus discharge during defecation;
- at the second stage, a prolapsed hemorrhoid appears, which is a bloodshot ball of skin, the touch of which is extremely painful;
- in the absence of adequate treatment, the number of nodes will increase, sometimes it can reach 8-10 pieces;
- inflammation of the cavernous bodies;
- itching and burning in the anus;
- venous thrombosis.
Most patients are embarrassed to turn to a proctologist with such a delicate problem and try to cure themselves. Prolapsed hemorrhoids can be "shove" back into the rectum - and about 60% of patients do so until the disease progresses to the third stage. In this case, the nodes grow to a total area of about 5-8 square meters. cm and cause extreme pain.
Some patients take strong anesthetic tablets to the last. But over time, they stop helping. In the third stage of external hemorrhoids, the patient has only one way out - to resort to surgical treatment.
Description of the stages of external hemorrhoids
Proctology distinguishes three stages:
- At the first treatment, even folk methods can be carried out - and it will be effective. The nodules are still small - about a few millimeters in diameter, but they are already noticeable and are already causing pain to their owner.
- At the second stage, the node increases in diameter, it has neighbors - the same, still small nodules filled with blood. Very painful on palpation. Every trip to the toilet is a major inconvenience.
- At the third stage, the nodes coalesce into a dense formation with an infiltrate, a serious inflammatory process develops. Previously dropped nodes begin to decompose. In this case, the inflammation rises up the rectum. At this stage, hemorrhoids no longer fall out.
How to treat external hemorrhoids if it has reached the third stage? Only surgery can help. Patients do not have to worry about their he alth. Operations have been put on stream for a long time and do not bring serious problems with well-being and he alth.
Common complications of external hemorrhoids are inflammation of the corpora cavernosa and venous thrombosis. They can be diagnosed at the same time. Thrombosis develops in one of the hemorrhoids. The patient has a sharp pain, it may appear after the act of defecation or on its own. The intensity of pain does not depend on the amount of hemorrhoidal thrombosis.
When contacting a proctologist, a visual examination and palpation of the prolapsed hemorrhoid will be performed (photo below). It is a bluish nodule in the skin, inside which there is blood and swelling near it, which gradually spreads to the entire perianal area. When pressing a finger on the node, the patient experiences a sharp, excruciating pain. Prolonged thrombosis is always accompanied by inflammation, so a course of special drugs is required.
Reason for falling outhemorrhoids
Provoking factors:
- sedentary lifestyle;
- lack of physical education in the patient's life, as a result of which blood stagnation occurs in the pelvic organs, including the rectum;
- weakness of the walls of veins and capillaries;
- blood density also affects the development of external hemorrhoids - you should drink a course of drugs to thin it from time to time.
All these reasons lead more slowly or faster to one result, as a result of which hemorrhoids fall out. Stagnation of blood in the pelvic organs and in the rectum provokes a violation of the outflow from the veins due to congenital or acquired insufficiency of the venous walls. If the patient leads a mobile lifestyle, does not abuse alcohol and junk food, such a process will not develop simply because circulatory problems will not begin.
Methods of modern surgical treatment
Hemorrhoid fell out: what to do? This question is asked by tens of thousands of people every day. The problem of external hemorrhoids is very common, but it is delicate and "shameful", so people are silent to the last and prefer to be treated at home. Sometimes traditional medicine methods help, and in some cases they are useless. The disease passes to the second, and then to the third stage. As a result, the answer to the question "A hemorrhoid fell out: what to do?" only one is to contact a proctologist-surgeon.
Before the operation, a complete examination of the body is carried out. If contraindications are found for excision and removal of hemorrhoids, you should first try minimally invasive treatment methods.
Contraindications include the following conditions:
- diabetes mellitus insulin-dependent;
- oncological diseases;
- pregnancy;
- heart failure and some cardiac diseases;
- HIV and AIDS;
- possibility of internal bleeding.
Due to the fact that most patients turn to a proctologist already at the third stage of external hemorrhoids, surgery is necessary in 50% of cases. Sometimes it can be replaced with minimally invasive therapies. General or local anesthesia - this choice does not depend on the patient, but on the proctologist. If inflammation from the nodes has gone up the rectum, then general anesthesia may be required.
Minimal intervention techniques
These are painless methods for removing nodes using modern equipment:
- Sclerotherapy is indicated for patients with poor blood clotting, diabetes. It is carried out most often in the second stage of the disease. Allows you to get rid of pain in one procedure. It is carried out both in private medical centers and in public hospitals.
- Infrared coagulation is a modern and painless method of helping if hemorrhoids fall out. Helps to get rid of bleeding and pain, the node itself will remain in place. It is carried out using a special apparatus - a photocoagulator. The surgeon passes the tip through the anoscopeapparatus directly to the nodes of external hemorrhoids. an action similar to laser radiation is carried out, as a result of which relief occurs.
- Ligation with latex rings allows you to get rid of knots. They are pulled with a special tool, a latex ring is put on the base, which is compressed as tightly as possible. As a result, the blood supply stops. The knot falls off together with the ring, and a stump of connective tissue remains at the site of rejection.
Suppositories and drugs to relieve symptoms
The first stage of hemorrhoids can last for several years. But in most cases, in the absence of therapy, the patient is faced with the fact that the hemorrhoid has fallen out. How to treat this condition? Candles will help get rid of pain and prevent the development and loss of new ones. And the tablets will have a thinning effect on the blood, strengthen the walls of blood vessels, veins, capillaries.
The following classes of pharmacological drugs are used for therapy:
- phlebotonics - regulate venous outflow, strengthen vein walls;
- angioprotectors - the fragility and patency of the walls of blood vessels are noticeably reduced;
- preparations containing nitrates have a relaxing effect on the sphincter during its spasm;
- non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs can relieve pain if a hemorrhoid has fallen out, the duration of treatment with these drugs should not exceed two weeks - drug dependence may develop;
- preparations with enzymes and homeopathic remedies - reduce inflammation, help strengthen the walls of veins and capillaries.
List of popular drug names
If for many years it was possible to restrain the development of the disease by folk methods, then one day the patient will inevitably face the fact that a hemorrhoid has fallen out. How to treat this ailment?
- "Detralex" is a popular phlebotropic agent. Heals veins throughout the body. Most often, patients prone to external hemorrhoids also suffer from varicose veins of the esophagus or lower extremities. "Detralex" helps with any of these diagnoses. The cost of one package of the drug is about a thousand rubles. It is enough for either a month or two weeks - depending on what dosage of the dragee was prescribed by a phlebologist or proctologist.
- "Hemoroidin" is a tablet drug, the action of which is aimed primarily at the venous network in the rectum. The drug also has anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects - literally after taking two tablets, itching and burning sensation in the anus area decreases. If a hemorrhoid falls out, what should I do? You can buy Hemoroidin on your own and take two to four tablets, but a visit to the doctor is still not canceled.
- Heparin ointment is one of the cheapest pharmaceutical products. But that doesn't make it any less effective. One pack with one hundred grams of ointmentcosts about fifty rubles. Depending on the manufacturer, it may be called "Heparin" or "Heparin ointment". Helps to reduce the size of prolapsed hemorrhoids. It has the ability to disperse blood accumulations, therefore it also helps with hematomas, bruises, swelling.
- The composition of the ointment for external hemorrhoids "Proctosedil" includes special substances with an anti-inflammatory effect - glucocorticosteroids. Also, the composition is enriched with heparin s alts. The ointment has an analgesic effect, relieves itching and burning, has the ability to reduce the size of prolapsed hemorrhoids (with regular use).
- "Aurobin" is another popular ointment for external hemorrhoids. The composition contains prednisolone - a hormonal substance. The ointment immediately helps with burning and itching, has a slight cooling effect, in the second stage it can help to completely get rid of prolapsed hemorrhoids. Alas, after stopping the use of the drug with prednisolone, they may reappear. Hormonal components tend to help only for the duration of the use of the remedy.
- "Hepatrombin G" - an ointment with anti-inflammatory, decongestant and analgesic effect on prolapsed hemorrhoids. The main active ingredients are dexpanthenol and allantoin. "Hepatrombin G" with regular use reduces swelling of the tissue around the sphincter, prevents blood accumulation, can dissolve small nodes in the initial stages of external hemorrhoids.
Treatment of a prolapsed hemorrhoid using folk methods
Treatment with herbs and bee products is often even more effective than pharmacology. If a hemorrhoid fell out during pregnancy, almost all pills are prohibited. A number of ointments are also undesirable for use. And itching and burning make themselves felt, reduce efficiency and spoil the mood. If a hemorrhoid falls out during pregnancy, it is worth trying some of the equally effective alternative methods of treatment.
- You should prepare an infusion of medicinal herbs and take baths daily. Mix one tablespoon of horse chestnut, oak bark, sage, chamomile. You can also add calendula. Pour a liter of water, bring to a boil, boil for about ten minutes and let cool. The bath should be taken, minimally diluting the resulting infusion with clean water. The higher its concentration, the better. It shouldn't be too hot - just barely warm.
- Peel and cut into large pieces two onions. Pour 0.5 liters of hot cow's milk. let it brew for two hours. After the mixture has cooled, strain and dilute with a liter of clean water. Take a sitz bath for about twenty to thirty minutes. The optimal frequency is once a week.
- The bark of the horse chestnut tree is poured with boiling water and steamed in a water bath for half an hour. It is used during exacerbation - when bleeding increases. The bark of the horse chestnut tree is rich in tannins, which stop bleeding and have a beneficial effect oncondition of the walls of veins, vessels and capillaries.
- Honey and bee products are universal remedies of traditional medicine. They are also effective if a hemorrhoid fell out after childbirth, and if this happened during pregnancy. You should not invent complicated recipes - just smear the dropped nodes with fresh flower honey. It is an excellent decongestant and anti-inflammatory agent. Contraindication only - individual intolerance to honey components and allergic reactions to this product.
- Aspen leaves have long been used to thin the blood. You can take an infusion of dry crushed aspen leaves or take baths. The infusion has anti-inflammatory properties, strengthens the walls of the veins. It also slightly reduces pain, burning and itching in the sphincter area.
Prevention of external hemorrhoids
In order for the patient's life not to be complicated by prolapsed hemorrhoids, it is enough to follow the simple rules of prevention:
- with a forced sedentary lifestyle, get up once an hour and do a light workout to accelerate blood circulation;
- if there is a tendency to thick blood - drink a course of thinning drugs once a year;
- exercise once a week, and if he alth permits, buy a subscription to the gym;
- diet should include fresh vegetables and fruits, if there is a tendency to constipation - be sure to eat beets, prunes and other laxative foods;
- alcohol should be completely eliminatedfrom the diet, since ethyl alcohol thins and destroys the walls of veins, blood vessels and capillaries - this process aggravates the manifestations of hemorrhoidal disease;
- smoking also has a negative effect on blood vessels - if the patient does not want to get a relapse of the disease, it is better to give up this bad habit;
- drink at least two liters of pure water per day - this habit will help keep the blood fluid enough to not damage the veins and maintain a he althy blood flow;
- if there is a hereditary predisposition to vein diseases - once a year, take a course of Detralex, Venoruton or other drugs that will help maintain the he alth of the veins.
