Numerous representatives of both the weaker and the stronger sex, who survived to adulthood, often have a disease such as spider veins. They look unaesthetic, and besides this, they cause inconvenience to a person. Most of the world's population has long known about this disease, and therefore it has long been established that such pathologies can manifest themselves in the upper layers of the skin due to malfunctions in the functioning of the cardiovascular system. The causes of spider veins on the legs and throughout the body are varied.
What is this?
Spider veins, meshes are a network of enlarged, swollen arterioles, venules and capillaries located on the surface layer of human tissue. Telangiectasia is the scientific name for patterns that appear on the body. Usually, spider veins and spider veins of various patterns may have the ability to appear on various parts of the body, up to the face.
This process may have several causes, but the main provoking factor is associated with circulatory failure in the human body or simply wear and tear of blood vessels. Because offailure of the normal operation of the venous valves, in which blood stagnates, pressure may increase. The walls of the vessels are very elastic, they can be quite easily stretched. As a result, they increase and the appearance of various defects on the outer layer of the skin. Most often, spider veins appear on the legs. There are many reasons for this. We'll talk about them further.
Main reasons
Stagnation of blood creates increased pressure on the vascular walls, due to which the vessels are deformed and become visible on the surface of the skin. Red meshes indicate damage to arterioles, and a blue tint indicates an increase in venules. Vascular patterns can take linear, tree-like and star-shaped forms. Such stars appear on the stomach, back, chest or neck. There are several reasons for this:
- liver disease;
- genetic features;
- hormonal diseases;
- excessive exercise;
- cardiovascular disease;
- deficiency of vitamins P and C;
- age-related changes leading to gradual thinning of vessel walls;
- alcohol abuse;
- smoking;
- diseases of the vascular system;
- frequent visits to the bath;
- sudden temperature changes;
- high blood pressure.
The appearance of spider veins on the skin is not only an aesthetic problem. In some cases, burning and itching are added to external symptoms. Pain occurs rarelymost painful telangiectasias appear not on the body, but on the legs.
Causes of appearance in women
Telangiectasias of the lower extremities of cyanotic or red color in women often appear due to hormonal changes in the body. This is possible in the following cases:
- pregnancy;
- menopause;
- abortion;
- diseases of the uterus and ovaries.
Spider veins during pregnancy most often disappear on their own a month after birth. Other common causes of blood vessel damage are oral contraceptives and hormonal intrauterine devices. Therefore, it is worth choosing such contraceptives only under the supervision of a doctor after passing all the necessary tests for hormones.
Important! The appearance of a capillary mesh on the chest may indicate a cancerous disease. This is an occasion to contact a mammologist for an examination.
Teleangiectasias and obesity
With obesity, the vascular system is under increased stress, much more effort is required to nourish a large body with blood. Stretched and lost elasticity vessels are not able to cope with this task, because of which small capillaries begin to appear under the skin and burst. A sedentary lifestyle only exacerbates the situation, leading to stagnation of blood and, as a result, blockage of blood vessels.
Other reasons
The appearance of telangiectasias on the body may indicate the beginning of the lesionconnective tissues. In medicine, this phenomenon is called scleroderma and manifests itself in the form of seals on the skin, leading to disruption of normal blood circulation. Spider veins on the abdomen in the area of the liver may indicate the presence of a cancerous tumor.
In most cases, the appearance of spider veins on the body does not cause any inconvenience other than aesthetic. The defect is easily eliminated using modern hardware techniques. But still, in addition to the cosmetologist's office, it is advisable to visit a therapist who, if necessary, will refer you to specialized specialists for examination.
What are the stars?
Spider veins on the body are a branching of capillaries that can form in almost every person. They are not inflammatory or chronic in nature, so no one attaches special importance to them. This is wrong, because the detection of spider veins is a sign that the body has malfunctions in metabolic processes or a lack of vitamins, which can cause diseases.
Vascular asterisks on the body appear through the skin in red, blue or purple colors. Many argue that this is a cosmetic whim of nature and do not pay attention. However, in fact, spider veins speak of a number of diseases, including varicose veins. And even if everything is in order with large veins, the loss of elasticity of small vessels is the first stage of varicose veins.
Most often they can be found in women who have just given birth. This is due to the fact that hormonal changes occur in their body, which the vessels cannot cope with. However, if they do not disappear, but on the contrary, become darker, this is the reason to consult a doctor.
This defect does not lead to death, however, in those areas of the epidermis where inflamed capillaries are present, pain and itching are felt. Before the appearance of stars, people feel considerable fatigue in the lower extremities. Then these very stars of scarlet or blue colors appear. If you press on the affected area of this shade, it will turn pale, and then return to its previous appearance.
Spider veins need to be treated. They are often accompanied by pain and swelling where they are placed. If you see such a pathology in yourself, you need to consult a phlebologist.
Views
Spider veins are divided according to several criteria. So, they can be arterial, venous and capillary. It depends on which vessel was branched. According to their shape, stars are divided into tree-like, dotted, linear and arachnid.
Spider veins can form anywhere on the body, but they are most often seen on the legs and arms. Only then they form on the neck, face and back, which indicates the late stages of varicose veins. Spider veins rarely appear in liver disease.
Tree-like and linear vascular asterisks are placed on the legs. The former can be found on the outside of the thigh, while the latter are found only on the inside of the entire leg.
Spider stars are the branching of arterial vessels, which are barely visible on the skin. They are blue in color, slightly dull due to the layer of the epithelium, but the basis of them is dark blue or even purple.
Only rosacea appears on the face, which is located on the nose and cheeks. It is accompanied by severe pain, which makes it difficult to control facial expressions, and hardness of the skin. The manifestation of rosacea is the last stage of varicose veins, which can turn into a fatal disease due to the fact that the immune system is greatly weakened. Therefore, you should consult a doctor even if spider veins are detected.
Diagnosis
Before the doctor prescribes a treatment method for his patient, you must first undergo an examination and establish the causes of this disease. There are cases when these formations appeared due to venous insufficiency. Most often, this disease is accompanied by the development of varicose veins of the legs.
Basically, for high-quality diagnostics, Doppler ultrasound is used. However, this is not the only way to diagnose.
The quality of treatment for spider veins will depend on how accurately the cause of their occurrence has been determined.
At an early stage of the disease, a conservative method of treatment is mainly used. Its essence lies in the fact that in addition to the use of various kinds of ointments, drugs are also used that improve blood circulation.
Also, prevention at an early stage can be called the use of physiotherapy. This method andtreatment can help eliminate small stars and prevent new ones from forming.
Therefore, we can say that the sooner you go to the doctor, the better the treatment will be prescribed. Do not forget that there can be many reasons due to which these asterisks can form. And it will take time, which takes the diagnosis, in order to accurately put the cause of their occurrence, and correctly prescribe the treatment.
Treatment
The treatment of asterisks is based on the prerequisites for their occurrence, or rather, its elimination. It is impossible to eliminate the disease on your own - it is a waste of time. In this case, consultation with a phlebologist is necessary. Treatment should be carried out in a complex way: taking specially prescribed medications, he althy eating, performing certain physical exercises. During the first stage of the disease, medicines applied to the skin by rubbing, as well as taking drugs that improve blood circulation, help well. Widely used "Heparin ointment" from spider veins. With its help, defects disappear from the body quickly enough.
There are much more effective medical methods of dealing with the disease. These include:
- Microsclerotherapy - the introduction of a special preparation under the skin.
- Electrocoagulation - "cauterization" of problem areas. After this procedure, burns may remain on nearby soft areas of the skin. It is used to remove spider veins on the body. Not on the facein use.
- Ozone therapy - a mixture of air and ozone is injected into the affected tissue. Used to process mesh data on the lower extremities.
- Laser photocoagulation - treatment with a laser beam. The procedure takes place in several sessions and leaves no consequences. This is the most aesthetic and ideal way to remove spider veins on the nose and face in general.
Venotonic action
Provides an opportunity to deal with the insolvency of the valvular apparatus of blood vessels. Normally, blood moves through the vessels of the legs from the bottom up, despite the influence of the force of gravity. This is due to a decrease in the calf muscles during movement and physiological stress, as well as due to the presence of specialized valves on the inner surface of the vein wall, which interfere with the return flow of blood.
But under the influence of various kinds of provocative conditions, the valves weaken and begin to flow blood in the opposite direction. As a result, an excessive volume of blood accumulates in shallow veins, which leads to a gradual stretching of their walls.
Antiplatelet action
Focused on combating trophic disorders and on the resumption of blood rheological parameters (reducing its viscosity and the risk of creating blood clots). Thus, thick blood is a very frequent companion of the disease, because varicose veins are not so much dangerous directly as venous thrombosis that occurs against its background.
Impaired blood flow promotes the accumulationin the small blood vessels of the products of metabolism, this generates a concentration of blood and causes the appearance of independent radicals and mediators of the inflammatory reaction. All these conditions in combination aggravate the fluidity of the blood and lead to its thickening.
Prevention measures
To avoid the appearance of asterisks, follow these tips:
- Struggle with excess weight, if present.
- Wear loose clothing.
- Avoid prolonged sun exposure.
- Do some sport or walk regularly.
- Know the measure in the use of alcoholic beverages, do not smoke, try not to spend a lot of time doing hard work.
