Allergic reactions - the topic is quite relevant, especially for parents. After all, every year the number of so-called "allergy sufferers" is constantly increasing. Therefore, today we will consider in detail the drug "Clarotadine". Instructions for use will begin our review of this drug. We recommend that you familiarize yourself with it before using it. You can buy Clarotadine at any pharmacy in your city and without a prescription.
When to apply
This drug can be used for allergic conjunctivitis, Quincke's edema, urticaria (acute chronic, as well as idiopathic). The drug "Klarotadin" is also effective in the period of year-round or seasonal rhinitis; with pseudo-allergic reactions that are caused by the releasedhistamine; reactions to the bites of various insects; as well as with itchy dermatoses. The list may be supplemented.
What is produced in
Let's first consider the drug "Clarotadine" syrup. Instructions for using it will be given below. Dosage - 5 mg / 5 ml. Lorathodine (active ingredient) one milligram per milliliter of syrup. Excipients: propylene glycol, sugar, benzoic acid, ethyl alcohol, citric acid, tropeolin, purified water, food flavors.
Released in a bottle of dark glass, the capacity of which is one hundred milliliters. This bottle is in a cardboard box. The kit also includes a special measuring spoon.
Now consider Clarotadine tablets. One tablet contains ten milligrams of loratodine. Of the excipients - MCC, milk sugar, calcium stearate, glycolate, sodium starch. Placed in blisters, each of which contains seven or ten pieces. Cardboard boxes can contain from one to three packages of records.
Pharmacodynamics
This drug belongs to H1-antihistamine drugs that do not have anticholinergic and central action. It starts working within half an hour after use and is valid throughout the day. It is important that long-term use of this drug does not develop resistance to it. It should be noted that the substance loratodin, as well as its metabolites, are not able to penetrate the BBB.
Pharmacokinetics
WhatAs far as absorption is concerned, when taken orally at the doses recommended by the manufacturer, the main component of loratodine is quickly and completely absorbed into the circulatory system through the gastrointestinal tract. Concentrations that can already be determined appear in the blood plasma fifteen minutes after consumption. As for the time to reach Cmax in the plasma of loratodine, it ranges from one hour and forty minutes to two hours and thirty minutes.
But the time to reach Cmax of its active metabolite is almost three hours. It is only worth remembering that the simultaneous use of food along with the drug can slow down the achievement of Cmax of loratodine, as well as its active metabolite in plasma, by one hour. In this case, the Cmax of these substances will remain unchanged, and food is unable to influence the result in any way.
Now about the elderly. "Clarotadine" (instructions for use notes) they can take without any special reservations about age. Just keep in mind that the time to reach Cmax increases by an hour and a half, unlike young people. With regard to alcoholic liver damage, depending on the severity of this disease, the time to reach Cmax also increases.
In the blood plasma, the content of loratodine with its active metabolite reaches a stationary level in most patients on the fifth day after administration. And the connection with plasma proteins is 97%.
Metabolism
In the liver, the active substanceloratodine is metabolized to the active metabolite descarboethoxyloratadine. This is due to the action of the cytochrome P450 isoenzyme CYP3A4. The impact of the CYP2D6 isoenzyme of cytochrome P450 also has an effect, although to a lesser extent. The presence of kectonazole, which is a CYP3A4 inhibitor, allows loratodine to be converted to descarboethoxyloratadine. This happens due to the influence of CYP2D6.
Derivation
The drug "Clarotadine" is excreted (the instructions for use also mention this) through the kidneys, and also along with the bile. The average T1 / 2 of the substance loratadine is eight hours and twenty minutes (the range can be from three to twenty hours). As for the active metabolite, its average is twenty-eight hours (range can be from six hours and forty minutes to thirty-seven hours).
Mean decaboethoxyloratadine is seventeen hours and thirty minutes (range eleven to thirty-eight hours). If we are talking about liver damage with alcohol, then T1 / 2 will increase along with an increase in the severity of the disease. But in patients who have renal failure, as well as who undergo hemodialysis, the pharmacokinetics do not change much.
Pregnancy
Pregnant women should not take this drug, because "Clarotadine" to children who are in the womb can be harmful. If there is a need to use this drug by a nursing mother, thenshe needs to stop breastfeeding until treatment is completed.
Contraindications
Like other drugs, it has contraindications and "Klarotadin". Instructions for use says that this drug should not be used if the patient has hypersensitivity to any of the components of this drug. Pregnancy and lactation are also circumstances in which this remedy is not prescribed or taken. Patients who have liver failure should take Clarotadine with caution.
Side effects
Now it's worth talking about how this drug can negatively affect the human body. There may be manifestations of a disorder of the nervous system, namely anxiety, asthenia, hyperkinesia, agitation in a child, drowsiness, tremor, parasthesia, depression and amnesia. Subcutaneous fat, as well as the skin, may react to the components of the drug with dermatitis.
If we talk about the genitourinary system, then on its part there may be a change in the color of urine, the patient may feel the urge to urinate, which will be accompanied by pain. Vaginitis, dysmenorrhea, and menorrhagia may also develop.
Violations are also possible from the endocrine system. Weight may increase, the patient will feel thirsty, and he may also sweat more. The musculoskeletal system may also undergo someviolations in their work. These are spasms of the calf muscle, and myalgia, and arthralgia.
The digestive system can also suffer. Distortions in taste, diarrhea or constipation, anorexia, gastritis, dyspepsia, increased appetite, flatulence and stomatitis - all this can occur with some probability when using Clarotadine.
Prone to failure and the respiratory system. Violations will manifest themselves in the form of bronchospasm, cough, sinusitis, as well as dryness of the mucous membrane in the nose. Conjunctivitis can also develop, vision is impaired, pain in the ears and eyes appears. The cardiovascular system is also susceptible to side effects, which can manifest as increased heart rate, increased blood pressure, as well as a decrease in blood pressure.
There are frequent cases of allergic reactions, manifested in the form of angioedema, itching, urticaria and photosensitivity. Back pain, fever, dysphonia, chest pain, chills, blepharospasm, and breast pain may also occur.
As you can see, the side effects can be quite serious, so don't forget about it. A doctor's consultation is required both before the first dose of the drug, and in case of discovering the above problems.
Use and dosage
Syrup and tablets "Klarotadin" from what - sorted it out. Now let's talk about how to take it. These medicines are intended for internal use. Children over the age of twelve, andThe recommended daily dose for adults is ten milligrams. This is two scoops of liquid syrup or one tablet. But for children from two to twelve years old, whose body weight is less than thirty kilograms, it is recommended to take five milligrams. This is one scoop or half a tablet. The daily dose should not exceed this indicator. If the mass is more than thirty kilograms, then the dosage will be the same as for adults.
Overdose
If you do not heed the recommendations and take the drug in large quantities, adults may experience the symptoms that will now be listed. These are tachycardia, headaches and drowsiness. And in children weighing less than thirty kilograms, an overdose may cause heart palpitations, as well as extrapyramidal symptoms.
If the patient overdose, you should immediately consult a doctor. Care must also be taken to ensure that the drug is removed from the gastrointestinal tract and absorption is reduced. This is done by inducing vomiting, gastric lavage, and the use of activated charcoal. If necessary, symptomatic therapy can be carried out. It should be remembered that the active substance loratadine cannot be removed from the body by hemodialysis. There is also no data on the excretion of this element during peritoneal dialysis.
Interaction with other drugs
If you use "Clarotadine" in a therapeutic dose, potentiating action with alcoholic beverages is notdiscovered. And when using this drug with antibiotics such as Cimetidine, Erythromycin and Ketoconazole, the plasma concentration of loratodine will increase. This phenomenon is not clinically manifested in any way, and also does not have any effect on the electrocardiogram.
There is evidence that inducers of microsomal oxidation, which include ethanol, phenytoin, barbiturates, rifampicin, zixorin, tricyclic antidepressants, phenylbutazone, can reduce the effectiveness of this drug.
Special Instructions
Patients who suffer from impaired hepatic function, and who also have renal insufficiency (glomerular filtration rate is less than thirty ml / min), the recommended initial dose of Clarotadine should not exceed ten milligrams (this is one tablet or two measured spoons of syrup) in two days. Also, do not give this drug to children under two years of age.
Everyone who started taking this medicine should refuse for the entire period of treatment from engaging in any kind of potentially hazardous activities that require increased concentration of attention, as well as the speed of psychomotor reactions.
Analogues
It is fair to say that Clarotadine is not the only one of its kind. There are analogues both among domestic and imported medicines. A fairly common foreign "brother" ismedicine "Claritin". Its properties are almost the same as those of the above drug Clarotadine. Price is the main difference. Overseas drug is much more expensive. Domestic has a price depending on the configuration. Yes, a pack of 7. will cost about 100 rubles, 10 x 3 cell contour packs - approximately 270 rubles, and 100 ml syrup - about 135 rubles.
We will not discuss here what is better to use - Clarotadine or Claritin. This is a personal matter for everyone, and you must decide for yourself whether to buy a cheap domestic drug, or give preference to a more expensive foreign one. But it is worth noting that for all these years the drug "Clarotadine" has proven itself very well. At the same time, analogues appear every day.
In any case, before you start taking these drugs, and even more so when prescribing them to children, be sure to consult your doctor. This will protect you from possible negative consequences that may occur as a result of drug intolerance, improper use or overdose. You should always remember that such consequences can pose a significant threat to your he alth, the he alth of your children, as well as your lives.
