Currently, there are many reasons why a rash appears on the feet of a child. They can serve as symptoms of various diseases. Therefore, they cannot be cauterized on their own, it is necessary to consult a doctor so that he can correctly diagnose. Only an experienced doctor can diagnose the disease by the nature of the rash. Of course, for parents, information about what ailments can be hidden under such a symptom will not be superfluous.
Classification
Rashes can be of different types. Most often they look like vesicles with liquid inside or red spots. The size of the rash is small. Some diseases can manifest as scales on the feet, accompanied by itching. When the elements of the rash are combed, ulcers, cracks and other damage form. All rashes are conditionally divided into five groups:
- Infectious rash.
- Rash on the feet and hands of a child of allergic origin.
- Rashes associated withviolation of hygiene.
- Rashes that appear due to diseases of the blood and blood vessels.
- Rash resulting from chronic diseases, fungi, parasites, etc.
The infectious group poses a great danger, the anamnesis of which often reveals contacts with carriers at school and kindergarten.
Infectious diseases
The following infections can cause rashes in children:
- Measles is characterized by the presence of small red rashes. In this case, a rash appears on the feet and palms of the child, which gradually affects his entire body (after about three days). Such a manifestation is almost always accompanied by signs of SARS. There is a runny nose and cough, conjunctivitis and hyperthermia. Five days later, white spots appear on the mucous membrane of the cheeks. Rashes are not accompanied by itching, skin peeling occurs.
- Rubella is caused by the appearance of a small red rash. But first it appears on the face and only then on the legs. A distinctive feature of the disease are enlarged lymph nodes. During the day, the entire body of the child is covered with rashes that disappear after three days. When pressed, they disappear, do not merge with each other. Itching and any discomfort are not observed.
- Vesicular stomatitis, in which there is a rash on the feet of a child in the form of bubbles with red rims. It goes away on its own without requiring treatment. Does not cause discomfort.
- Meningococcal infection is caused by pinpointhemorrhages under the skin. The spots gradually merge into large, dense, irregularly shaped elements. They are especially clearly visible on the legs and buttocks. After some time, areas of necrosis form in the center of the spots. The appearance of rashes is a very dangerous sign and indicates the development of meningococcemia. Death is possible already on the first day.
- Scarlet fever is characterized by the fact that a small rash appears on the feet of a child, rough to the touch, accompanied by itching. Rashes spread throughout the body, but are completely absent in the zone of the nasolabial triangle. After five days, peeling of the skin begins on the feet.
- Infectious endocarditis is characterized by the appearance of small red spots on the feet, which are accompanied by pain and itching. These rashes resemble hives.
- Scabies is caused by the presence of various elements of the rash on the feet: red spots, pustules, blisters with liquid and other things. In this case, there is severe itching. Children especially itchy feet in the evening.
Allergy
A rash of allergic origin is associated with the action of a certain agent on the child's body. It can be wool, dust, certain medications, washing powders, and complementary foods. An allergic rash is referred to as urticaria, which is characterized by the appearance of a distinct rash of bright pink color without concomitant signs of malaise. The rash can cover children's socks, legs and buttocks. The rashes can merge with each other, forming large blisters that rise aboveskin surface. They can cause peeling, severe itching, and cause crusting in the future.
Vascular and blood diseases
In some cases, an ulcerative rash may appear on the feet, which indicates the presence of a severe pathology of the circulatory system. Also, rashes are often formed in the form of hemorrhages, bruises, petechiae, which may indicate the development of thrombocytopenic purpura, which is caused by a decrease in the number of platelets in the blood. At the same time, the rashes are asymmetric, they can be in different places, they do not have a specific location.
With hemorrhagic vasculitis, a red rash occurs in a child on the shins and feet. Rashes can merge with each other, rise above the skin. The disease is accompanied by intoxication and arthralgia.
Rashes due to poor hygiene
Rash can often occur as a result of poor hygiene:
- Miliaria is characterized by the appearance of bubbles of a whitish hue, occurs when a child overheats in the summer, when he is wrapped in warm clothes. Does not require treatment.
- Diaper rash also occurs due to a violation of hygiene standards. They are caused by rashes in the form of red sores and erosions.
- Dermatitis appears due to untimely bathing of the child. Since babies have very sensitive skin, it reacts to any imperfections in care.
Other violations
There are other disorders that lead to rashes on the feet. These include:
- Psoriasis and eczema, in which a red rash appears in a child with peeling or blisters with liquid. The vesicles burst and form crusts. In this case, itching and burning are observed.
- Insect bites are characterized by rashes in the form of a chain of small bubbles. The appearance of itching is characteristic. There is severe redness of the skin, and in some cases swelling.
- Fungal diseases can manifest as blisters and rashes on the feet and toes. Sometimes they turn into ulcers, itching, bad smell and burning. At the same time, cracks, inflammations and vesicles are constantly present on the skin.
- Pseudotuberculosis occurs in children over six months of age. In this case, children's socks suffer. They develop a pink-blue rash without burning or itching.
- Neurodermatitis is characterized by the formation of a rash on the feet in the form of red papules filled with liquid. Itching is observed, which intensifies at night. If the papules are scratched, the skin becomes inflamed.
- Rheumatic fever appears after the child has had a sore throat. This ailment is caused by the fact that a red rash appears on the feet, hands and buttocks in the form of rings.
- Warts often occur on the soles of children. They look like white solid formations that can cause pain. In some cases, they go away on their own.
Diagnosis
First of all, parents should observe whether thethe general condition of the child after the onset of the rash. If the situation has not changed, do not be nervous. It is necessary to show the baby to the doctor, since only he can make the correct diagnosis and prescribe treatment. To diagnose a rash, methods such as dermatoscopy, biopsy and scraping are used. Laboratory tests will help make an accurate diagnosis. The causes of rashes in children can be different, including serious diseases.
Treatment
Treatment should only be carried out by a doctor. Doctors can be called to the house, while it is not recommended to treat the rash before it arrives. If this is a manifestation of an allergy, then antihistamines are prescribed. In this case, it is necessary to immediately exclude contact with the irritant. If the rash on the feet of a child is caused by other diseases, then the underlying disease is treated, the immune system is strengthened. In severe infectious diseases, hospitalization is indicated. The doctor prescribes antibiotics, vitamins and other means. With insect bites, certain ointments and creams, herbal baths, lotions can be prescribed. In any case, you can not self-medicate, as this can lead to irreversible consequences. Alternative methods of therapy do not always cope with the problem, which can lead to the development of serious complications up to death. If you suspect meningococcus, call an ambulance.
Medicines
The choice of remedy will depend on the cause of the rash:
- When a rash on the feet is accompanied by dry skin, applymoisturizers and skin care products.
- For swelling of the legs, baths are made from a solution of boric acid.
- Of the antihistamines for allergies, Suprastin, Tavegil, Erius and others are prescribed. If an allergic reaction is accompanied by severe itching, hormonal ointments, such as Lokoid or Advantan, can be used. They are used for no more than five days when the foot itches.
- To increase the body's resistance, vitamins and immunomodulators are prescribed, physiotherapy using radon or hydrogen sulfide baths.
- In the acute period, desensitizing agents are used, they are administered intramuscularly.
- Neurodermatitis is treated with tranquilizers and sedatives.
- According to indications, antibiotics, antifungal and antiviral agents are prescribed.
Dieting
It is very important to follow a diet for rashes. In case of allergic reactions, spicy foods, nuts, chocolate, citrus fruits and fish are excluded from the menu. Also, you can not eat honey, strawberries, tomatoes, eggs. All these activities are carried out because a rash on the feet of a child can be caused by highly allergenic foods and a diet is required to eliminate unpleasant symptoms.
Prevention
One of the conditions for the prevention of rashes is the timely vaccination of the child. Carrying out all the necessary vaccinations makes it possible to avoid the appearance of various dangerous diseases, so the body must be protected from viruses and bacteria. But in this case you needbe aware of the possible occurrence of a negative reaction to the vaccine.
For allergies, it is recommended to follow a diet, excluding certain foods from the diet. Clothing should be chosen from high-quality natural materials. Parents are advised not to use perfume in the house, not to have pets and plants if their child is prone to allergic reactions. Children need to be given vitamin preparations to increase immunity. All methods of prevention must be tested and agreed with the pediatrician. This is the only way to protect the child from invisible danger.
Thus, any rash on a child's feet that you cannot identify yourself is cause for alarm. It is important to remember: a sensitive children's body is most often exposed to infection. The formation of rashes can be a sign of the development of dangerous diseases, so you should immediately consult a doctor. With its appearance, the rash will tell an experienced doctor about the seriousness of the processes that occur in the child's body. Correctly diagnosing the cause on your own is possible only with allergies and violations of hygiene rules, in all other cases an unprofessional approach will only harm your he alth. Parents are advised not to experiment with the he alth of their babies!
