In the process of human evolution, his foot has acquired a rather unique design. In the normal state, this part of the skeleton has two arches: transverse (between the finger bases) and longitudinal (along the inner surface). Both of them play a very important role: they help maintain balance and protect the body from shaking while walking. In other words, the vaults act as shock absorbers.
If they smooth out and become flat, then shaking while walking is eliminated due to the shock-absorbing properties of the spine and leg joints. Due to the fact that these elements of the skeleton are not designed to perform such tasks, they quickly fail. Thus, along with flat feet, a person acquires scoliosis and arthrosis. It should be noted that the irregular structure of the arches is typical for a fairly large number of people.
It must be said that flat feet can be acquired and congenital.
In the second case, the cause of the pathology is a congenital insufficiency of the connective tissue. However, until the age of five or sixit is difficult to determine the pathology.
Traumatic (acquired) flat feet can develop as a result of injuries. As a rule, these are fractures of the calcaneus, ankles, tarsal bones.
Rachitic flatfoot can develop as a result of high stress on weakened segments of the foot.
Pathology of a statistical nature develops (in 81% of cases) due to muscle weakness. Of particular importance is such weakness in the foot, in the lower leg and ligaments.
The most common cause of pathology include excessive load on the vaults. This usually happens as a result of wearing the wrong shoes.
The choice of these or those methods of therapy will depend on the degree of flat feet. At the same time, it is impossible to get rid of this disease by conservative methods at an older age. It is possible to completely eliminate the pathology only in childhood. This requires timely prevention of flat feet.
Proper formation of the arch is possible with constant training of the ligaments and muscles. Prevention of flat feet involves various exercises aimed at strengthening the ligamentous and muscular apparatus. As a training, walking on stones, sand, hard grass is used. As you know, without exercise, muscles weaken. Regular exercise keeps them toned.
Prevention of flat feet involves the choice of optimal, comfortable shoes. Often the reason for the development of flat feet in women is the wearing of high heels. This is due to the fact that the support in such shoescarried out not on the entire foot, but only on the heads of the metatarsal bones. This, in turn, leads to deformation of the segments.
Prevention of flat feet at home includes simple activities. Experts advise regular massage, foot gymnastics. Baths will help relieve stress.
The prevention of flat feet in children is of great importance. The choice of comfortable shoes in this case is of paramount importance. You need to know that the child should not wear shoes for someone. In a broken shoe, an incorrect distribution of the load on the foot occurs. Shoes for a child should have a small heel, a hard back and a soft arch support. As a preventive measure, the doctor may recommend special insoles for flat feet. Baths will help relieve stress.
