Sometimes in the conclusions of a cardiologist, after studying his cardiogram, you can see the entry - "supraventricular scallop syndrome". What does it mean? First of all, don't be scared. After all, this is a variant of the norm, and in no case is a disease. Taken literally, this syndrome is just a phenomenon, manifested exclusively by changes in the ECG.
Reasons
Why supraventricular crest syndrome occurs, scientists have not figured it out yet. This anatomical formation is a bundle of muscle fibers that pass through the middle of the right ventricle.
On an electroencephalogram, the syndrome looks like splitting of the QRS wave in the fourth lead. It occurs in only 30% of clinically he althy preschool children.
For the appearance of this pathology, the position of the heart, the electrical potentials of the right and left ventricles play a role.
Pathogenesis
A child's cardiogram has its own physiological and pathological features. It is worth saying that the changes on it depend on the age of the patient, when, as for an adult, there is a single norm. Among the "childish" features, one can list the shortening of the PQ and QT intervals, the GRS complex also narrows, sometimes arrhythmia can be observed, while maintaining a positive P wave.
Pathophysiologists explain these phenomena by the fact that a child's heart beats faster than an adult's. Action potentials are displaced and layered on top of each other. Or the excitation does not have time to cover all cardiomyocytes before contraction - this is how artifacts appear on the ECG.
Supraventricular scallop syndrome is one such physiological phenomenon. Its presence does not indicate any pathology, so doctors do not focus on it, and over time the child outgrows it.
Symptoms
Supraventricular scallop syndrome absolutely does not manifest itself. Some children may experience a feeling of fatigue, fatigue after physical exertion, a feeling of palpitations - such complaints become the reason why the child is taken to the doctor. And the specialist already sees characteristic changes on the cardiogram.
Supraventricular scallop syndrome in adults is rare, but even if it occurs when taking an ECG, this is not a reason for panic, as it is considered by experts as a variant of the norm. Even in the absence of treatment, thisthe phenomenon passes without a trace and does not cause any concern.
Complications and consequences
Supraventricular scallop syndrome in a child can either go away with time or turn into an incomplete bundle branch block. But in this case, you should not sound the alarm, because such a condition does not cause serious changes in the myocardium and does not affect the quality of life of the child. It is usually recommended to undergo a periodic medical examination in order to monitor the progression of the pathology.
It is extremely rare that an incomplete blockade develops into more serious defects, such as a complete transverse blockade of the bundle of His and others.
Diagnosis
The only way to see supraventricular crest syndrome at the moment is with an ECG. This method is available at any hospital or clinic. An electrocardiogram is a graphical recording of the successive changes in electrical potentials that appear in cardiomyocytes.
In young children, the nervous system is not yet fully "calibrated", so it is possible to register various deviations from the norm on the ECG. For example, this may be a change in the configuration and amplitude of the teeth in the chest leads. But in order to confirm the presence of pathology, it is not enough to have the result of one study.
Children whose pediatrician suspected the presence of disorders in the work of the heart are put on a dispensary record for this disease and inmandatory once a year or every six months are examined by a cardiologist. This allows you to observe the dynamics of the development of the process, as well as notice the deterioration in time.
Treatment
Supraventricular scallop syndrome does not require treatment as long as it does not cause discomfort to the child. The phenomenon itself disappears when the patient grows up, and the intervention of a doctor can only worsen the situation. But if parents insist on therapy, then the following drugs can be advised:
- Essential fatty acids like omega-3s. They help reduce the amount of lipids in the blood, in addition, these substances strengthen the walls of blood vessels and improve heart function.
- "Antiox" is a multivitamin preparation containing vitamins A, E, C, as well as trace elements. Do not abuse such complexes, because they develop an allergic reaction.
But it is best not to stuff the child with medicines, but to ensure that his diet receives all the necessary substances that are contained in the following products: dietary meat (poultry, veal), fatty fish, olive oil, nuts, fresh vegetables and fruits (preferably seasonal, not greenhouse). If there is sufficient physical activity with this diet, then the phenomenon will pass on its own.
Forecast
The prognosis for the life and he alth of such children does not cause concern. Even without medical help, the syndrome resolves on its own with age. This happens unnoticed by the child and should notcause concern to parents.
Even in those rare cases where the phenomenon develops into an incomplete bundle block, it is not considered by clinicians as a severe conduction disorder. Regular monitoring of the state of the heart will help to avoid surprises.
