Recently, doctors are increasingly sounding the alarm: myocardial infarction has rejuvenated. Now it can happen to a forty-and even thirty-year-old person. How to recognize it and what needs to be done before the ambulance arrives?
Before you know how to properly conduct first aid, you should determine what kind of disease it is. First of all, it is associated with damage to the heart muscle, necrosis occurs in this area due to impaired blood supply. In most cases, this is due to an atherosclerotic disorder of the arteries that feed the main human organ. The acute phase usually lasts from two hours to a day. It is during this period that the maximum mortality rate from this pathology occurs. At the same time, in the same phase, both timely first aid and therapeutic measures, which should be aimed at limiting the infarct zone and providing preventive measures against sudden death, are most effective.
Heart attack symptoms
Pain in the heart area is an important sign of the development of the disease. The nature of these sensations: pressing, burning, squeezing, tearing. Patients say it hurtsin the region of the heart or behind the sternum. Often given to the left shoulder or arm, there may be discomfort under the shoulder blade, in the neck or in the lower jaw. Quite often, older people with discomfort in the heart area drink nitroglycerin. But in this case, the pain does not go away after taking it. These symptoms can also occur with angina pectoris, however, with the disease described, they are more pronounced and intense.
First, emergency first aid
- The patient should be comfortably positioned on a couch or chair. If he does not want to lie down, do not insist on it. This is due to the fact that patients, with the onset of manifestations of heart failure, begin to subconsciously choose for themselves the optimal position of the body.
- Give nitroglycerin under the tongue. However, you should be careful, because this medicine has contraindications. It, for example, cannot be drunk if the pressure is below 90 mm Hg. Art., with TBI and cerebrovascular accident, etc. e. You can give it often enough until the pain goes away, but not more than three tablets at a time. When providing first aid, it is worth considering that nitroglycerin begins to act after one or three minutes, but sometimes causes a severe headache.
- Pour a basin of hot water and dip your feet into it. Put tourniquets on them, but not
- First aid will be needed especially if the arrival of doctors is delayed. In this case, an anesthetic injection should be given. However, first aid in this case is possible only with the use of drugs that do not cause allergies in the patient. Can come up, including analgin.
- You can give a sedative. But it is worth remembering that it can enhance the effect of painkillers.
- In the provision of first aid, it is worth including measurements of pressure and pulse every five minutes. If the heart rate is elevated, then 25 mg of atenol will help to avoid arrhythmias.
very hard pulling. This must be done in order to reduce the return of blood to the heart, thereby partially unloading it. It is also advisable to open the window so that there is access to freshair in a patient with suspected myocardial infarction.
Remember that the life of a loved one may depend on your correct actions in a critical situation.
