The industry of aesthetic surgery has been actively developing over the past 20 years. Increasingly, it is the fair sex that resort to plastic surgery. Of course, the leading positions are occupied by operations to increase the mammary glands. During 2017 alone, more than 156,000 of these surgical interventions were performed.
Why mammoplasty is needed
Main criteria for breast augmentation:
- The desire to have a beautiful and toned bust shape.
- Injury management.
- Breast asymmetry.
- Correction after operations performed.
- Elimination of the consequences of incorrectly performed plastic surgery.
- Correction of congenital malformation of the mammary glands.
All ladies who are going to change the shape and size of their breasts are interested in the answer to the question of which breast implants are better. The doctor will help with the choice, as well as provide the following information regarding implants:
- Their filling.
- Sheath material.
- Shape.
- Location in the area of the mammary glands.
- Producers.
- Implant size.
- Risks andcomplications.
- Rehab.
Breast implants are prostheses made from a biocompatible material, which are a shell filled with a specific composition.
Implant filling
There are several drugs that are used in mammoplasty to fill the shell of implants.
1. Saline solution.
Implants filled with this drug appeared in 1961. Composition: shell made of silicone material and sodium chloride solution inside. The breast implant shell is filled with saline before or after surgery.
The disadvantages of such products are:
- Possibility of rupture or damage.
- Change in breast shape some time after surgery.
- Softness.
- Unnatural.
- Sound of grout moving.
If saline implants are torn or out of shape, they need to be replaced.
Among their advantages, only a small incision and minimal scars after surgery, as well as good compatibility can be noted (if the solution enters the body after damage to the membrane, there will be no harm to internal organs). Currently, such implants are practically not used.
2. Silicone.
Silicone breast implants have been used since 1992. They are filled with Softtouch gel or cohesive silicone gel. Such materials have a dense consistency (comparable to jelly), so if damaged or torn, you should not be afraid of unwantedconsequences. The gel retains its position and does not spread. Silicone implants are safe, retain their shape, which is why they are so popular. They have other benefits too:
- Natural breast appearance.
- Unable to detect the presence of an implant.
- No visible borders.
Of course, they also have disadvantages. Among the main ones are:
- Mandatory MRI every 2 years to determine the integrity of the breast implant shell.
- Big incision during surgery.
Breast prosthesis shell
Like fillers, the shells of such products are also different.
1. Textured.
The surface has the smallest pores, so there is no risk of fouling of the implant with connective tissue. Such prostheses take root better, which reduces the possibility of complications. The implant with a textured surface fits perfectly in the breast and does not move.
2. Smooth surface.
Implants with a smooth surface are practically no longer used, since there is a high probability of complications after their installation. We are talking about the formation of a shell of fibrous tissue in the breast or its deformation.
Shape of breast prosthesis
There are two types of breast implants:
1. Round.
This form of implants is used to correct the shape and eliminate asymmetry in case of loss of breast volume, its “sagging”,for example, after breastfeeding or losing weight. They lift the chest and make it as voluminous as possible. The first impression is that with a round implant, the breast looks unnatural. But later, the soft gel of round implants takes on a teardrop shape under the influence of gravity, so it looks quite natural. They are easier to install than teardrop implants, and the cost is usually cheaper.
2. Anatomical.
Breast prostheses come in low profile and high profile. A drop-shaped implant differs from a round one in that its lower part is slightly larger in volume. It is believed that they are anatomically more suitable, as they are as close as possible to the natural shape of the breast.
Such prostheses are recommended to increase small breasts and maintain their natural shape. The disadvantages include the following features:
- Higher cost.
- Tendency to round.
- Risk of displacement (if the bottom and top parts are swapped, then it does not look quite aesthetically pleasing)
- Difficult to install.
- Possibility of appearance of irregularities around the edges of the implant in thin girls.
Implant location
This question is decided only by the doctor who performs the operation. The prosthesis can be located in the following places:
1. Above the pectoral muscle, below the mammary gland.
Recommended for those with sufficient breast volume or noticeable sagging breasts. There is a risk of the breast implant dropping, as well as the appearance of noticeable wrinkles. The edema subsidesa fairly short period of time, the rehabilitation period passes easily and quickly. The least traumatic option. Loads on the pectoral muscle (for example, during intense sports) do not deform the implants, but fouling with a dense connective capsule is possible, which makes mammographic examinations difficult. Also, with this installation of the prosthesis, its edges may be noticeable.
2. Under the fascia of the pectoral muscle.
This arrangement of the implant fixes it more securely than in the case of installation under the mammary gland. This is observed for the reason that it fuses better with the fascia. Of the disadvantages - the likelihood of displacement of the prosthesis and the appearance of folds.
3. Under the pectoral muscle.
More complicated and lengthy operation. After its implementation, time is needed for rehabilitation, since a partial dissection of the muscle occurs. It is considered the most favorable option in terms of possible consequences. Deformation is possible due to contractions of the pectoral muscle, but the passage of mammography is not difficult, a dense capsule is not formed. The implant is less visible.
Breast Prosthesis Manufacturers
The most commonly used silicone implants from these companies:
- Mentor.
- Allergan.
- Natrelle.
- Eurosilicone.
- Arion Polytech.
- Ceroform.
As a rule, the website of each clinic indicates which manufacturers it works with. Prostheses of all manufacturing companies are quite reliable. Over the past 10 years, a fairly small percentage of patients have been observed,who came to the clinic because of any problems after mammoplasty.
Sizes
In order for breast implants to look aesthetically pleasing, it is necessary to choose their volume correctly. Consider that approximately 150 ml of gel filler adds one size to that which a woman has. If breast augmentation with implants needs to be performed by 2 sizes, then more voluminous prostheses are selected. The filler in them should be 600 ml.
By size, endoprostheses are divided into fixed (installation of an implant of a predetermined size) and adjustable (the volume of the filler may change during the operation).
There are many types of breast implants. The following factors influence their choice:
- Measurement and body shape.
- Desired result (volume or more natural).
- Initial shape and size of the breast.
- Physical activity and lifestyle of the patient.
- Having sagging breast skin (after feeding).
- Integrity and volume of breast tissue (after pregnancy, natural aging, or after previous diseases such as breast cancer).
There are cases when the filler is introduced into the shell during the operation. In this case, the surgeon makes an individual decision on the amount of gel to be injected.
Consider the option when the patient wants 4 breast size. With the existing second size, this will not be a problem. An implant volume of about 300 ml is selected. If the breast is very small, not every plastic surgeon will be able to increase it to size 4.
Implant access
This medical term refers to where the incision will be made in the breast to place the prosthesis.
1. Inframammary (incision under the breast).
The most commonly used method for implantation. A 3-4 cm incision is made under the mammary gland. Due to this, an implant is placed. The main advantage of this approach is the simplicity of the operation, but the contours of the breast implant may be exposed. But it is possible to use implants of any shape and size. This is the least traumatic method for breast tissue.
2. Periareollar (incision along the edge of the areola).
Almost imperceptible cut. It is produced along the border of the skin of the chest and areola. An implant is placed through the resulting incision. The main advantage of this access is that the scar is practically invisible, and implants of both anatomical and round shapes can be installed. The disadvantage of the method is that with a small size of the areola, the installation of the implant is impossible.
3. Axillary (underarm incision).
The incision is made in the armpit at a right angle to the arm. Technically, this installation option is more complicated than the previous two, so endoscopic equipment is used. The main advantage of axillary access is the absence of a visible scar on the chest. The main disadvantage is the complexity of the operation. In this way, only round-shaped implants can be installed, and anatomical ones are difficult to position correctly. There is a risk of implant displacement upwards.
4. Transumbilical (through the navel).
This method is hardly used now due to the complexity of its implementation. It consists of making an incision inside the navel. The method has many disadvantages, for example, the possibility of incorrect placement of prostheses, the installation of only round-shaped implants filled with saline. The advantage is the absence of a scar on the chest.
The recommendations of plastic surgeons in choosing implants are about the same. They say that it is possible to choose an implant and the installation option on your own, but it is better to consult a specialist, since there are quite a lot of nuances of a future operation that affect what shape, size, and company to choose. The doctor and the patient must come to a joint decision about all factors. At the moment, many clinics have 3D modeling that allows you to evaluate the expected result.
Choice of clinic
Let's also consider the issue of choosing a clinic and a specialist in mammoplasty in Moscow and in the regions of Russia. The larger the city, the more clinics offer such services. It is often easy to get confused in such a variety, because only in Moscow mammoplasty is performed in 185 clinics. You need to take the choice responsibly, because there is a risk that instead of beautiful breasts you will get he alth problems and litigation. The fundamental point for making a decision should not be the cost of the service, because a job well done cannot be paid low. The average cost of breast augmentation with implants is from 150 to 450 thousand rubles.
Mainclinic selection criteria:
- This institution has the necessary permits, specialized licenses, and the specialists have completed the necessary training and have notarized copies of graduation from universities, as well as advanced training courses.
- The operation is performed by a surgeon, as well as a resuscitator and an operating nurse.
- Price includes aftercare and follow-up.
- The clinic is well-known, respected in medical circles and well-reviewed by patients.
- Availability of necessary equipment, especially intensive care and resuscitation machines.
- You are asked to pass the necessary tests and examinations, thoroughly check your he alth before scheduling an operation.
- The doctor tells in detail about the operation, about possible complications.
- If several clinics refuse to perform mammoplasty for medical reasons, do not look for one where they will help you, as there is a risk of encountering non-professionals.
Risks of mammoplasty
This operation is classified as complex. After it, such undesirable consequences may occur:
- Deformation of round breast implants. Occurs due to an incorrectly installed implant, as well as due to the fact that the patient does not wear compression underwear.
- Rupture of silicone implant. Rare cases arising from defects in the prosthesis or in violation of the recommendations during the rehabilitation period.
- Formation of dense connective tissuecapsule shell.
- Loss of sensation in areola and nipple. It occurs due to a violation of the integrity of nerve endings.
- Edema due to impaired lymph outflow.
- Rough scar formation.
- Accumulation of fluid or blood around the implant.
Rehab
This process is one of the important factors affecting the final result. During the first day after the operation, it is necessary to be under observation in the clinic. The rest of the recovery period takes place at home. Pain medications and antibiotics are required for several days to prevent inflammation. You can't raise your hands. Sleeping is allowed only on the back. Be sure to take antibiotics, as well as drugs for possible thrombosis. The stitches are removed after two weeks. Special care for scars and wearing compression underwear is required. You can turn on your stomach only after six months. Physical activity is prohibited. For three months it is not recommended to visit the sauna, gym, swimming pool.
