The rectum can be prone to a variety of diseases, one of which is hemorrhoids. This pathology affects a large number of different people. This problem can occur both in young and in old age. So what is this disease and how to deal with it? In the article, we will consider how to treat a hemorrhoid.
Hemorrhoids
Hemorrhoids are a disorder of the hemorrhoidal veins (inflammation, dilation, thrombosis), due to which nodes form around the rectum.
Basically, this pathology is characterized by gradual development. A person experiences discomfort in the anus, constipation is possible. At first, such sensations occur after taking spicy or fatty foods, alcoholic beverages, due to physical exertion. For example, a long walk. Over time, short-term bleeding begins to be observed, if nothing is done, prolapse of hemorrhoids is possible. As the disease progresses, thepain.
When bleeding becomes regular, people begin to wonder how to treat a hemorrhoid?
Causes of disease
The factors contributing to the appearance of hemorrhoids are individual for each person. It is rather difficult to define them. To learn how to treat hemorrhoids, you first need to determine the cause of the pathology. Can provoke an illness:
- hypothermia;
- sedentary work or lifestyle contribute to stagnation of blood in the pelvic organs, thereby causing inflammation;
- weight lifting, pregnancy and childbirth, constipation can cause increased pressure in the peritoneum, which causes the disease;
- abuse of spicy food or alcohol also leads to the expansion of hemorrhoidal vessels.
Stages of disease
Hemorrhoids can be of two types:
- acute hemorrhoids;
- chronic illness.
These phases of the disease differ significantly from each other. Each of them has several stages.
Acute hemorrhoids
The acute form of the disease has three stages:
- The first is characterized by thrombosis of hemorrhoids. The person does not experience pain, since the inflammatory process has not yet begun.
- The next stage is characterized by the onset of pain.
- At the third stage, in addition to the hemorrhoids themselves, nearby tissues also become inflamed.
Chronic hemorrhoids
The chronic form has four stages:
- Hemorrhoids have not yet fallen out, but bright red blood appears during bowel movements.
- Pathological formations come out, but there is a possibility that they will be drawn in on their own.
- Prolapsed hemorrhoids can only be set manually.
- Protrusions of the venous plexuses can no longer be adjusted on their own.
Symptoms of disease
As mentioned above, hemorrhoids develop gradually. At the initial stages, not every person will be able to determine this pathology. Often the disease develops without causing obvious discomfort to the patient. Still, it is worth paying attention to the following factors:
- Sensation of itching and discomfort in the anus after defecation;
- mucus secretion, which leads to irritation of the mucous membrane and burning;
- feeling of a foreign body in the anus;
- intensification of the above symptoms when taking spicy food and alcohol, or dietary restrictions (various diets).
A clear symptom of the disease is the appearance of blood after defecation. There are several ways to treat hemorrhoids. The photo is located below.
Other causes of bleeding from the anus
People who have reached the age of forty should pay attention to other factors of bleeding from the anus. The following pathologies can serve as the cause of rectal bleeding:
- rectal prolapse;
- anal fissure;
- oncology;
- condylomas, colitis, polyps.
When rectal bleeding occurs, be sure to pay attention to the color of the stool and its consistency. The fact is that such changes may indicate the onset of similar pathologies in some other part of the gastrointestinal tract.
Manifestation of disease
In order to understand how to treat hemorrhoids, you need to understand how this disease manifests itself. It is worth knowing that hemorrhoids can be external and internal.
The last one is impossible to see with the naked eye. It is located in the submucosal layer of the rectum. This disease can only be detected at a late stage. At this point, hemorrhoids are visible in the anus. Symptoms of internal hemorrhoids can be blood clots in the stool, pain during and after a bowel movement. Pathology at a late stage is characterized by a prolapse of the vascular plexuses from the anus to the outside. At an advanced stage of the disease, nodes can only be removed manually. They do not retract on their own.
External hemorrhoids are an expansion of pathological nodes located directly at the anus itself. They are formed from the inferior venous plexus. This type of disease is visible to the naked eye. Such nodes often become inflamed and bring discomfort to a person. Bleeding in this form of the disease may be absent. How to treat hemorrhoids from the outside? There are several methods: from conservative to surgical.
In rarecases of hemorrhoids can be combined. This means that the choroid plexuses are inflamed both near the anus and in the rectal mucosa.
Complications
Like any other disease, hemorrhoids can cause complications. Prolonged bleeding from the anus can lead to the development of anemia. Fallen hemorrhoids have to be constantly repositioned, otherwise severe pain is observed. In case of pinching of the prolapsed node by the muscle of the anus, thrombosis may develop. Urgent hospitalization will already be needed here, as the patient's body temperature may rise, as a result of which a purulent infection develops, nausea, vomiting, loss of appetite appear.
Hemorrhoids during pregnancy
During pregnancy, the enlarged uterus begins to compress the cavernous veins of the rectum. As a result, the formation of hemorrhoids begins. Contributes to this and a sedentary lifestyle in late pregnancy, and frequent constipation.
Childbirth also negatively affects the blood vessels and veins. The anus is very tense, it is possible for the hemorrhoids to fall out. Some women who have given birth to a child confuse the pathological formations that have fallen out with the consequences of childbirth, missing the time to treat the disease.
It is worth remembering that if you have symptoms of hemorrhoids, you should seek help from a specialist.
Diagnosis of hemorrhoids
An experienced specialist will be able to determinedisease on initial examination. For this patient is asked to take a gynecological chair. During the examination, the proctologist draws attention to the condition of the hemorrhoids, their location, the degree of inflammation, as well as the condition of the skin.
The diagnosis is confirmed using special diagnostics.
- Anoscopy. With this type of study, a special device is inserted into the anus of the patient, which allows you to examine the rectum at a distance of 15 cm. With its help, the specialist gets the opportunity to determine the presence of inflammatory diseases, tumors, the degree of damage to the cavernous bodies, take smears and biopsy. The procedure is painless. In the acute stage, it is not carried out, in order to avoid severe pain. In this situation, the necessary treatment is carried out first. Preparation for anoscopy is scheduled in advance. The patient must refrain from eating, may need an enema and a laxative.
- Feeling the rectum with fingers. With the help of such an examination, the doctor can assess the condition of the mucous membrane, the presence or absence of hemorrhoids, bleeding.
- Sigmoidoscopy. This study is necessary to exclude the risk of cancer. It allows you to examine the rectum much deeper than with anoscopy.
- Colonoscopy. The procedure can serve as a substitute for other examinations. For example, the study is carried out in case of impossibility of sigmoidoscopy for any reason.
The above studies enable the specialist to draw upa complete picture of the disease, to understand how it will develop further and how to treat hemorrhoids.
Hemorrhoid Therapy
The main task in the treatment of hemorrhoids is to relieve the pain symptom, get rid of bleeding - that is, stop the first signs. Therapy depends on the stage of the disease and the degree of inflammation. In the early stages of pathology, treatment is carried out by conservative methods. Such therapy is represented by the use of medicines, herbal remedies, massages. The advanced stage of the disease is treated with surgery and physiotherapy. A sedentary lifestyle, constipation and obesity can cause difficulties in the treatment of hemorrhoids. Under such circumstances, its effectiveness is reduced.
Traditional ways of treating hemorrhoids, which are often used in medicine, are described below.
Conservative treatments
Conservative treatments are as follows:
- Local therapy aimed at eliminating pain. In this case, inflammation is removed, thrombosis, bleeding, burning and itching, that is, symptoms that bring discomfort to the patient.
- The use of drugs that increase venous tone, regulate blood flow and microcirculation in the cavernous bodies.
How to treat external hemorrhoids? Therapy of external signs is mainly carried out with the help of topical ointments, internal formations - with heparin suppositories, enemas with chamomile, "Anestezin",John's wort, belladonna extract, oak bark, etc.
Minimally invasive methods
When conservative methods of treatment do not give the desired result, they are replaced by minimally invasive methods. They allow you to quickly and effortlessly get rid of such a delicate problem.
Such treatment is contraindicated for people with anal fissures, thrombosis of hemorrhoids, inflammation in the rectum or anus.
There are four minimally invasive methods:
- Electrocoagulation.
- Cryotherapy.
- Ligation with latex rings.
- Sclerotherapy.
Electrocoagulation
The essence of this method is to bring the electrode to the leg of the hemorrhoid. The procedure is carried out using a special device - an anoscope, which produces coagulation.
This method of treatment is used at the 1st, 2nd and 3rd stages of the disease. It does not exclude the occurrence of pathology again, therefore it is used in rare cases when conservative therapy is not possible.
Cryotherapy
The treatment of hemorrhoids with cryotherapy has now become very popular. The method consists in freezing tissues at a temperature of -195 °C.
Thanks to this achievement of medicine, most patients have the opportunity to avoid surgical intervention. The procedure consists in introducing a probe into the anus, through which liquid nitrogen is supplied. The specialist directs the device to the hemorrhoids, cryotherapy continues until they are completely destroyed. Throughfor some time, the remains of them are excreted from the body.
Cryotherapy has the following benefits:
- does not form scars;
- does not require anesthesia;
- procedure painless;
- no bleeding;
- allows you to recover quickly;
- does not require hospitalization, performed on an outpatient basis.
Ligation with latex rings
The most popular minimally invasive treatment is latex rings. Such manipulations are carried out with patients in whom the disease is in an advanced stage. This treatment method does not require a long recovery and is quite effective.
The essence of therapy is to pull the vascular pedicle with a latex ring. Thus, blood stops flowing to the hemorrhoid, which ensures its death after some time. Latex rings are put on with a special device - a ligator.
Manipulations are carried out in two ways:
- Using a mechanical ligator. The anascope is inserted into the anus, after which a ligator is inserted there. The hemorrhoid is clamped with forceps and a rubber ring is put on it. After the manipulations, the devices are removed from the anus. This procedure takes 10-15 minutes.
- Using a vacuum ligator. This procedure is much simpler than mechanical. Hemorrhoids are drawn into the machine using vacuum.
Manipulation does not require a long recovery. Hemorrhoids fall off after a week and come outwith feces.
After ligation of formations with latex rings, the following complications may occur:
- The appearance of feces with blood impurities. This may indicate improper separation of hemorrhoids. In this situation, you should contact a specialist immediately.
- Inflammatory processes caused by constipation.
- Painful sensations that can be relieved with painkillers.
- The slipping of the latex ring. It can be caused by constipation or heavy lifting. In order to avoid such a nuisance, you must strictly follow the instructions of the doctor.
This manipulation is contraindicated for people with anal fissures, varicose hemorrhoids or blood diseases.
Sclerotherapy
A method of treatment that is used in the early stages of the disease. However, it can be used for more severe forms, as it is effective for any bleeding from the anus.
The procedure is carried out using an anascope and a special syringe. A drug is injected inside the anus, under the influence of which the vessels heal and the hemorrhoids decrease.
This method is often combined with an infrared laser to avoid infection and pain.
Contraindications for sclerotherapy:
- liver or kidney failure;
- vein obstruction;
- heart disease;
- diabetes mellitus;
- pregnancy and breastfeeding period;
- allergic to anesthesia.
Benefits of this treatment method:
- Does not require long recovery.
- Promotes rapid healing of veins.
- Not an operation and leaves no residue.
Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy
Hemorrhoids during pregnancy is quite common. Symptoms of the disease in a pregnant woman begin to appear in the second trimester. Pathological formations can complicate childbirth, so it is necessary to consider the treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy as soon as possible. Young mothers have a much lower risk of developing the disease than older women.
Treatment of hemorrhoids during pregnancy is possible with the following drugs:
- "Hepatrombin G". This drug is used for local therapy, has good analgesic components, relieves inflammation, itching, burning. Available in the form of ointments and suppositories. In the first trimester, its use is contraindicated.
- "Anestezol". The drug is used to treat hemorrhoids, in the presence of anal fissures. It has good antiseptic and healing properties.
- "Relief Advance". Remedy for the treatment of hemorrhoids at home. Relief is used for cracks in the anus, anesthetizes and heals inflamed areas.
- "Ultraproject". Applicable only from the second trimester of pregnancy.
Many pregnant women are faced with a situation where a hemorrhoid has come out. How to treat?Women in position should remember that not all drugs are suitable for them. Some of them are hormonal, so they should only be used under medical supervision. Many young mothers are interested in how to treat hemorrhoids after childbirth? Here you can already use absolutely all the suggestions of the doctor to solve this problem. After all, after giving birth, there is no longer any risk for the child.
Folk methods
Treatment of hemorrhoids with folk remedies has been practiced for a long time. There are several recipes for such therapy that have been tested by time.
- The leaves of nettle, chamomile and plantain are mixed. All ingredients must be crushed and poured with boiling water. The broth should be infused for two hours, after which it is filtered and diluted with warm boiled water up to five liters. The infusion is poured into the bath and sit in it for 5-7 minutes. These baths must be taken for 12 days.
- Treatment of hemorrhoids by folk methods is possible with the help of improvised products. For example, 12 pieces of medium-sized potatoes are rubbed on a fine grater. The contents of one unit are wrapped in cloth, cellophane is laid on a chair, the slurry is placed on top and sat on it so that the hemorrhoids are in contact with the potatoes. You need to wrap yourself in a warm blanket. After 15 minutes, the tissue content is changed. This is done with all parts of the grated mass. Potatoes can be used to treat internal hemorrhoids. It needs to be shaped and sized into a suppository and inserted gently into the anus.
Hemorrhoids are a rather serious, but at the same time delicate problem. Not every person turns to a specialist for her solution. Therefore, it is worth remembering that the presence of this disease can cause great trouble. Hemorrhoids should be treated as soon as the first symptoms appear. There is no need to be ashamed of pathology, because a huge number of people around the world suffer from it. An experienced specialist will help and select the right methods of treatment. Before treating hemorrhoids at home, you should seek the advice of a doctor. But first of all, taking care of one's own he alth lies with the person himself.
