Pain in the bladder is a pronounced discomfort that significantly impairs the quality of life. According to statistics, the symptom most often worries women. It is important to understand that this sign is one of the clinical manifestations of a disease. In this case, the reasons can be very diverse. In this regard, only a doctor will be able to provide information about why a woman's bladder hurts. Ignoring the same alarming symptom can lead to the development of complications that pose a danger not only to he alth, but also to life. The following are the main causes of pain.
Cystitis
This term refers to inflammation of the bladder. The disease can be both infectious and non-infectious in nature. In the first case, the main reason for the developmentcystitis is an active vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms such as strepto-, entero- and gonococci. In the second - irritation of the walls of the body with chemical, medicinal and other substances.
In all cases, the start of the development of the disease occurs under the influence of certain provoking factors. These include:
- Hypercooling.
- Violation of the integrity of the mucous membrane lining the bladder.
- A lifestyle that does not imply physical activity.
- Frequent consumption of fatty and spicy food.
- The presence of chronic pathologies of a venereal or gynecological nature.
- Promiscuous sex without using barrier contraception.
- Insufficient hygiene practices.
- Avitaminosis.
- Hormonal imbalance.
- Wearing synthetic underwear.
Regardless of the severity of signs and symptoms of cystitis in women, treatment of pathology should not be delayed. Any delay can result in the transition of the disease into a chronic form. In addition, the infection often penetrates into the kidneys, resulting in the development of pyelonephritis.
Clinical manifestations of the disease:
- Pain during the act of urination. Often they radiate to the rectum.
- Presence of blood in urine.
- Frequent urge to urinate. After the act is completed, it seems that the bladder has not completely emptied.
- Rezi in the area above the pubis.
When any of thesesymptoms, you should consult a urologist.
Tests for cystitis in women:
- Clinical urine test.
- Bakposeva urine.
- Urine analysis according to Nechiporenko.
- PCR studies of biomaterial.
Tests for cystitis in women allow you to assess the severity of the disease, identify the pathogen and prescribe the most effective medications.
Instrumental diagnostic methods:
- Ultrasound.
- Cystoscopy.
The last two methods are instrumental. Many patients do not know how women do cystoscopy of the bladder. Endoscopic equipment is inserted into the urethra - a thin tube, at the end of which a miniature camera is fixed. With the help of it, the doctor examines the cavity of the organ.
As mentioned above, regardless of the degree of manifestation of signs and symptoms of cystitis in women, treatment of the disease should not be delayed. The treatment regimen includes antibiotics, diuretics and antispasmodics.
Urethritis
This is an inflammatory process that involves the walls of the urethra. Urine, flowing down the affected tissues, contributes to the occurrence of discomfort. This is why women's bladders hurt.
As a rule, the mechanism of the development of the disease is based on the active vital activity of pathogenic microorganisms. Pathogens:
- Gonococci.
- Chlamydia.
- Mycoplasmas.
- Trichomonas.
- Human papillomavirus.
- Intestinalwand.
- Strepto- and staphylococci.
Rarely the disease is non-infectious.
First signs of urethritis in women:
- Mild pain in the lower abdomen.
- Redness of the external opening of the urethra.
- An abnormal discharge from the urethra. Most often they have a yellow or greenish tint and an unpleasant odor.
As the disease progresses, the following symptoms appear:
- Rezi and itching at the beginning of urination.
- Purulent discharge from the urethra.
- Pain when filling the bladder.
In women, due to the peculiarities of the anatomical structure of the urethra, pathogenic microorganisms can easily move to nearby organs. In addition, ignoring anxiety symptoms leads to the transition of the disease into a chronic form.
Diagnosis of pathology involves the study of urine and cystoscopy. Based on the results, the doctor selects the most effective medicines. Treatment of inflammation directly depends on the cause of its development. Antibiotic therapy is indicated in most cases.
Urolithiasis
Another name for pathology is urolithiasis. Under the influence of various adverse factors in the bladder, the process of formation of calculi starts. They can be either single or multiple. In women, bladder stones most often have spikes that easily injure the walls of the organ. These stones are calledcoral.
The etiology of the disease is currently not fully understood. However, the following factors are known to be provocative:
- Pathologies of the urinary system of a congenital nature.
- Obesity.
- A lifestyle that does not imply physical activity.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Living in adverse environmental conditions.
- Stressed frequently.
- Violation of calcium metabolism.
- Frequent consumption of meat in large quantities.
Symptoms of disease:
- Pain. Over time, its intensity increases. The calculus changes position or increases in size, resulting in tissue injury. This is why women have bladder pain.
- Presence of blood in urine. This symptom also indicates tissue damage.
- Frequent urge to urinate or, conversely, their absence.
- Signs of general intoxication of the body.
- During the emptying of an organ, the urine stream suddenly stops.
Regarding which doctor to see for bladder pain caused by stones. In this case, the urologist is also involved in the treatment of pathology. Based on the results of laboratory tests and ultrasound diagnosis of the bladder, the doctor chooses the tactics of managing the patient. Treatment of urolithiasis can be both conservative and operative.
Neoplasms
They can wear likeboth benign and malignant. According to statistics, neoplasms are detected in 20% of patients with problems with the organ. In women, bladder tumors are most often benign. However, they are characterized by extremely slow growth.
The main reasons for the formation of neoplasms:
- Activities associated with constant contact of the body and harmful compounds.
- Tobacco smoking.
- Presence of chronic bladder pathologies.
- Active activity of the human papillomavirus.
- Chemotherapy.
Diagnosing an illness involves the following studies:
- Ultrasound.
- Cystoscopy.
- Endoscopic biopsy.
- CT.
- Cystography.
Clinical manifestations of pathology:
- Presence of blood impurities in urine.
- Frequent urge to urinate.
- Incontinence.
- Pain in the lower abdomen.
When the tumor becomes large in size, the lumen of the ureter narrows. Thus, the difficult act of emptying the body is a late sign of illness.
Treatment of the bladder in women depends on the nature of the neoplasm. Benign tumors often resolve on their own after the elimination of the main provoking factor. In other cases, surgical intervention is indicated.
Paracystitis
Under dataThe term refers to inflammation of the fatty tissue that surrounds the bladder. Most often, the disease develops in women after operations on the reproductive organs or against the background of gynecological ailments.
The main cause of paracystitis is the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms into the tissues. The following provoking factors contribute to infection:
- Injuries to the bladder resulting from medical procedures.
- Pathologies of the pelvic organs.
- Previous organ surgery.
Symptoms of paracystitis:
- Painful sensations localized in the area above the pubis. In most cases, they are unbearable.
- Frequent urge to urinate but little urine output.
- Signs of general intoxication.
- If there are ulcers in the urine, you may notice blood or exudate.
When these symptoms occur, it is important to see a doctor as soon as possible. He will issue a referral for diagnostics, based on the results of which he will select the most effective medicines. Treatment of inflammation of the bladder in women involves taking antibiotics, NSAIDs and absorbable drugs. Abscesses may require tissue drainage.
Bladder rupture
Injuries to the organ are diagnosed very rarely, as it is well protected by the bones of the small pelvis. However, there is still a chance of damage.
Injuries can be either open or closed. In the first case, the integrity of the skin is violated, in the second -no.
Top causes of injury:
- Bad jump.
- Falling down from a height.
- Wound with melee weapons or firearms.
- A blow to the abdomen.
- Untimely emptying of the organ. This situation most often occurs in persons who are intoxicated.
Regarding why the bladder hurts in women who deny the fact of injury. The cause of the gap may be incorrectly performed therapeutic or diagnostic manipulations. Injury can also occur against the background of tumor growth of both the organ itself and nearby tissues.
Gap symptoms:
- Difficulty urinating.
- Blood in urine.
- Low blood pressure.
- High heart rate.
- Pale skin.
- Severe pain, aggravated by lying down.
- Increased body temperature.
- Nausea.
If you have these symptoms, call an ambulance. In this case, surgery is indicated (suturing the organ, removing it or installing a drainage system).
Diverticulum
This term refers to the formation of a sac-like depression in the wall of an organ, which communicates with the cavity through the neck. A protrusion in the bladder often causes the development of all kinds of inflammatory processes.
Causes of a diverticulum:
- Anomalies in the development of the fetus during intrauterinedevelopment.
- Overstretching of the walls of the organ.
- Increased intravesical pressure.
Diverticula can be either single or multiple. At the initial stage of their formation, there are no symptoms. Over time, the woman notices that urination is much more difficult. It becomes impossible to empty the organ at once.
Treatment of pathology consists in surgical intervention.
Bladder endometriosis
In this case, the damage to the organ is secondary. Initially, the growth of epithelial tissue occurs in the uterus. Gradually, neighboring organs are also involved in the pathological process.
Causes of bladder endometriosis:
- Hormonal imbalance.
- Genetic predisposition.
- Unbalanced diet.
- Presence of inflammation in the bladder.
- Obesity.
- First pregnancy late in life.
The main symptoms of endometriosis are pain in the lower abdomen and blood in the urine.
The treatment of the disease is to take hormonal drugs. If they are ineffective, the overgrown tissue is surgically excised.
Other reasons
Most often, pain in women occurs for the reasons described above. But in rare cases, discomfort may result from:
- Apoplexy of the ovary.
- Endometritis.
- Adnexitis.
- Endocervicitis.
- Para-orperimetritis.
In any case, when the first warning signs appear, you should consult a doctor or, if you feel unsatisfactory, call an ambulance. Even the slightest delay can result in all sorts of complications, and if the bladder ruptures, the lack of medical intervention can lead to death.
In closing
Painful sensations in the bladder are a warning sign. In almost all cases, they indicate the development of a pathological process in the body. If you experience pain and other uncomfortable sensations, you should contact a urologist. The specialist will issue a referral for diagnostics, based on the results of which he will draw up an effective treatment regimen.
