The factor in the occurrence of the disease in most situations is acute inflammatory processes provoked by enterobacterial, viral, fungal, mycoplasmal or chlamydial infection. Chronization of secondary specific laryngitis developing against the background of syphilis, tuberculosis, diphtheria, rheumatoid arthritis, amyloidosis, systemic lupus erythematosus and other autoimmune lesions is rarely observed. But many patients are interested in what is the likelihood of cancer in hyperplastic laryngitis? If the disease is started, then in the future it can provoke the occurrence of cancerous tumors. Therefore, it is very important to carry out treatment.
Reasons
Doctors highlight the causes that contribute to the development of pathology. These include:
- Traumatic injuries. This includes blunt and penetrating neck injuries, penetration of a foreign object into the cavity of the larynx, prolonged intubation, placement of a tracheostomy, surgicalinterventions in this anatomical area.
- Associated inflammatory pathologies. Endocrine pathologies, chronic bronchitis, pneumonia, pharyngitis, rhinitis, etc. can contribute to the development of laryngitis.
- Bad habits. In many patients, the formation of inflammatory changes is associated with prolonged smoking, alcohol abuse, and narcotic substances.
- Professional harm. This factor includes continuous exhalation of dust, industrial fumes, very dry or hot air. In addition, the appearance of laryngitis is associated with long-term or excessive vocal overload.
- Immunodeficiency states. The formation of pathology is caused by prolonged corticosteroid, radial or chemotherapy, continuous hypothermia, oncological lesions of the bone marrow, the presence of AIDS or congenital immunogenetic pathologies.
Symptoms
Hyperplastic laryngitis at the beginning of its development may be invisible and cause no alarms. However, when the condition worsens, inflammation increases, as a result of which the cells of the mucous membrane of the larynx grow. After that, the normal functioning of the vocal cords becomes difficult, the mucous membrane begins to horn.
At an early stage, you can determine the disease by some signs:
- The tonality of the voice begins to change, differs from the usual, coarsens.
- During a conversation, hoarseness appears, a voice is heardhoarseness.
- Voice cords get tired quickly (as early as 5-10 minutes after starting a conversation).
- The feeling of a lump in the larynx, discomfort does not go away.
- Disturbing bouts of hysterical strong cough.
- Throat begins to itch, tickle appears.
With further development and intensification of symptoms, the patient may lose his voice not only for a short time, but for life. In addition, cells that hypertrophy in the mucous membrane of the larynx lead to the appearance of nodes that have a risk of becoming malignant. Therefore, when detecting violations and a clear modification of the voice, consultation with an otolaryngologist or therapist is necessary in order to prevent the development of the disease.
Early diagnosis
Hyperplastic laryngitis is a chronic disease that is expressed by inflammation of the larynx. The course of treatment is about three weeks.
Before starting the diagnosis, the doctor needs to collect a number of data that will help to perform the operation correctly, because in the future the surgeon needs to remove all infected tissues.
An otolaryngologist should clarify the following information when interviewing a patient:
- symptoms;
- patient profession;
- previous events.
Stages of implementation
When questioning the doctor should pay attention to the patient's voice. Next, a survey is carried out, which includes:
- Physical examination. It includes examining the contours of the neck as well as the functioning of the regional muscles.
- Indirect laryngoscopy (examination of the mucous membranes of the larynx, ventricles and vocal cords).
- Lab test. It allows you to check the level of leukocytes, as well as changing their formula and finding the pathogen.
- Histological examination. Checking the condition of the tissues of the larynx.
- Tomography of the neck. It is carried out in cases where it is impossible to differentiate.
How to treat hyperplastic laryngitis?
The peculiarity of the disease is the hypertrophy of the vocal cords and, as a rule, has a chronic form. If adequate (including drug) therapy is not carried out in a timely manner, pathological growth of the soft tissues of the larynx may occur, which can even cause suffocation.
It should be noted that drug therapy is prescribed to the patient solely based on the results of a carefully conducted diagnosis and under the supervision of the attending physician.
When to start therapy?
Treatment of hyperplastic laryngitis should be started immediately after detection, this process will be quite lengthy. If medical treatment is carried out, then it will consist in prescribing a therapeutic course, which consists of several groups of drugs:
- anti-inflammation;
- immunomodulating;
- antibacterial;
- corticoseroid and antihistamines.
If the treatment is local, then applypreparations that are intended for rinsing, for example, zinc sulfate or albucid. Inhalations can be prescribed with the addition of electrophoresis containing potassium iodide.
In addition, for the treatment of the disease, hyposensitizing and antispastic therapy, as well as blockade with novocaine, may be required, it helps to reduce mucosal edema and reflex spasm.
Other methods
When there are signs of recovery, it is necessary to continue the course of conservative treatment of hyperplastic laryngitis. If there is no improvement, then you need to move on to interventions by surgeons.
The most effective are such endolaryngeal methods: laser and radio therapy, as well as cryodestruction. During treatment, the patient is strictly forbidden to smoke, drink drinks containing alcohol. Do not eat spicy, too hot or cold food.
If you do not start treating the disease in time, it can lead to terrible consequences (up to the formation of malignant tumors).
Drug groups
Each of the groups of medicines in the treatment of chronic hyperplastic laryngitis has its own therapeutic purpose, namely:
- Preparations to soften the tissues of the larynx are recommended to be used in the form of therapeutic inhalations. For such a procedure, as a rule, "Chlorobutanol" is prescribed. It is customary to combine such inhalations with rinsing the larynx with mineral water (for example, Borjomi, Narzan), as well as a solution of milk with soda.
- Drugs that caneffectively liquefy sputum (mucus) and promote its release. For these purposes, it is recommended to infuse such medicines as "Trypsin", "Chymotrypsin" into the larynx, and simple vaseline oil is also suitable for these purposes.
- To achieve an expectorant effect and suppress the cough reflex, "Muk altin" or similar drugs with an identical composition are prescribed.
- To reduce swelling of the laryngeal cavity, the use of antihistamines is recommended, the most affordable of which is Loratidin and its modern analogues.
- The use of medications to relieve inflammation in the larynx and block hyperplastic processes is recommended in the form of irrigations and infusions into the larynx. For these procedures, "Albucid", "Prednisolone", "Hydrocortisone" are prescribed, these drugs are mixed with an antibiotic before infusion.
- For effective disinfection and healing of the mucous membrane of the larynx, it is customary to use drugs such as Resorcinol, Protargol, Collargol, Galascorbin, menthol solution and sea buckthorn oil for infusions.
- In addition to local drugs, immunomodulators are prescribed for hyperplastic laryngitis to increase a person's own immunity.
Folk treatment
The use of folk remedies and methods in addition to drug therapy for hyperplasticlaryngitis significantly alleviates the patient's condition and consolidates the achieved therapeutic effect. It should be noted that alternative methods should be used only after agreement with the attending physician. The most common and commonly used folk recipes for alleviating conditions with hyperplastic laryngitis are described below:
- The simplest remedy is to drink warm (just warm, not hot or cold) milk. This product helps in a fairly short time to get rid of such an unpleasant symptom as perspiration, which, with an inflamed larynx, causes a lot of discomfort.
- A good result is given by systematic rinsing of the larynx with saline solution with the addition of citric acid and a drop of iodine.
- Various inhalations on herbal anti-inflammatory infusions (chamomile, yarrow, thyme) are widely used in folk medicine.
- A recipe for laryngitis is known: 200 g of chopped garlic or onion are added to two tablespoons of honey. This mixture is used after 2 hours several times a day.
- Similarly, lemon with honey is recommended as a medicinal mixture - this remedy kills bacteria, relieves irritation and pain.
Infusions and herbs
During the treatment of chronic hyperplastic laryngitis with folk remedies, drinking various medicinal infusions and solutions is widely used, including:
- Aloe medicinal plant juice, to which honey is added in a ratio of 1:1. This mixture should be consumed warm. This recipehelps relieve symptoms (itching, pain).
- Freshly squeezed carrot juice with two tablespoons of honey added to a glass. To achieve a therapeutic effect, you should consume 1/4 of the cooked serving (glass) before meals.
- A mixture of the above milk (150 ml) with the addition of yolk should be drunk immediately after meals.
- To eliminate the symptom of hoarseness, hoarseness and to restore the voice, people drink warm (warmed beer).
Prevention
As a preventive measure against hypertrophic laryngitis, it is necessary to completely stop smoking cigarettes, drinking alcohol, and protect the respiratory tract when working in various industries with smoke. People who constantly use their voice for professional purposes should be observed by a phoniator. He will give exercises and select the voice mode that is most suitable.
You must definitely eat the right foods (rich in vitamins, soft in consistency, medium in temperature, avoid very cold or hot), harden the body with various methods, do not be late with the treatment of various diseases of the ENT organs. It is advisable to move to live in the ecological district of the city.
You can not do exercises that contribute to the disruption of the vocal cords. Visit the dentist as needed to keep your teeth he althy.
When the first signs of SARS or flu appear, you should immediately visit a doctor or buy inpharmacy chain means that are taken for the prevention or treatment of influenza and SARS. Trips to sanatoriums and resorts will be useful. In order to increase immunity, it is recommended to drink immunomodulatory drugs that are sold in pharmacies.
