Many people are interested in what it is - eye asthenopia. Photo in children of this disease is not attached for aesthetic reasons. The specifics of modern human life, of course, has a lot of negative elements that have a negative impact on the organs of vision.
Asthenopia is just one of the pathologies, which is characterized by rapid fatigue with visual stress, and as a result, visual acuity decreases. Wearers of glasses with asthenopia of the eyes and farsightedness say that in combination with optics, medical and folk methods should be used.
Reasons
The main factors that can provoke the state of asthenopia are:
1. Regular visual loads with adverse factors:
- reading in low light;
- abuse of watching TV at close range;
- hours of continuous work in front of a computer monitor;
- driving at night and alsono regular stops
2. The cause of muscular asthenopia can be incorrectly selected means of vision correction (glasses or lenses) for astigmatism or myopia, as well as concomitant diseases characterized by muscle tension in the eyes (for example, thyrotoxicosis, myositis).
3. Other pathological manifestations in the eyes that cause muscle tension can also provoke the development of asthenopia, for example:
- with myopia there is an overstrain of the rectus eye muscles;
- with strabismus, eyestrain is similarly observed.
Symptoms
Symptoms of asthenopia of the eyes, which may indicate the presence of the disease:
- Persistent discomfort, as if small debris got into the eye, which could not be pulled out.
- Some items may become blurry or split in two.
- The world around you can suddenly become fuzzy, covered with a light fog or veil
- It's hard to focus on one point, when you move your eyes to another object, the focus goes astray again.
- The actual shape and size of the item may be very different from what you see. Distances to objects may vary, and colors may not be perceived correctly.
- Increasing feeling of dryness in the eyes, turning into a burning sensation and increasing over time, or vice versa, increased tearing. Usually, all this is accompanied by severe pain, forcing you to rub your eyes hard to calm the pain.
- Reddening of the protein or covering it with a network of red vessels.
- Eyes startget tired faster from normal work, you have to blink more often to get rid of stress.
- These symptoms may also include persistent headaches, photophobia that occurs against the background of constantly increasing fatigue, and symptoms of other developing diseases if left untreated.
Asthenopia of the eyes - what is it, and what types are there?
Asthenopia is a rapid eye fatigue and strain, especially with prolonged reading and other eye functioning. In most cases, an uncomfortable sensation occurs when focusing on objects that are close. There are several varieties of this eye pathology.
Accommodative asthenopia
This type of eye disease is the most common, which occurs after the weakening of accommodation, presbyopia (age-related changes in vision) and farsightedness. This is mainly due to accommodation spasm, as well as systemic diseases.
The patient develops an overstrain of the ciliary muscle inside the eye, the relaxation and contraction of which contributes to a change in the shape of the lens, allowing you to see objects that are close. The accommodative form usually affects long-sighted people in old age, as they have a stronger accommodation.
It is usually eliminated by spectacle correction. Also, accommodative asthenopia can appear in schoolchildren, but after a while due to an increase in the functioning of the ciliary muscle andenlargement of the eyeball, it can pass. A similar disease can also appear as a result of weakness of the ciliary muscles due to exhaustion or overwork, stress and concussion.
Patients with this form of asthenopia find it difficult to read for long periods of time as the letters become blurry or may coalesce. There may be a feeling of heaviness in the forehead, temples and eyes.
Muscular asthenopia
Appears due to the weakness of the internal muscles of the eye, because for he althy binocular vision they must contract. A person needs to keep their eyes in constant tension and additionally contract them on their own, which often causes some discomfort.
The main symptoms of asthenopia: frequent and prolonged headache, eye pain and fatigue, double images. It is worth noting that the unpleasant phenomena that were listed above may disappear when a person covers one eye.
In the absence of prevention and effective treatment of this condition, binocular vision may be lost after some time as a result of convergent or divergent strabismus. The situation can be exacerbated by the ability to provide a symmetrical type of vision - this is called convergence. Muscle strain can develop with latent myopia or strabismus.
Mixed asthenopia
This form of the disease is a combination of muscular fatigue of vision with accommodative. The reasons for its development are similar to the reasons for the development of muscle andaccommodative form of asthenopia. With this form of asthenopia, instability of normal vision is noted, which is manifested by ambiguity during fixation of the eyes on small objects located at a close distance, double letters and headache.
Retinal asthenopia
This type of asthenopia is also called nervous, and often appears when the retina is tired. Retinal asthenopia manifests itself in the complication of exercising for a long time, sometimes it often becomes dark in the eyes, objects may seem cloudy, unclear. Light sensitivity (photophobia) is also noted. A similar condition can occur even if there is no reason for its manifestation from the eyes.
Symptomatic asthenopia
This type of asthenopia is a symptom that occurs with certain inflammatory diseases of the nose, its sinuses and, of course, the eyes. The connection with viewing objects up close is less obvious. In some cases, symptomatic asthenopia can be considered a sign of inflammation in the eye - sympathetic inflammation or uveitis.
Asthenic asthenopia
Asthenic eye diseases occur mainly due to prolonged physical and mental stress, some infectious and general diseases, intoxication, improper and irrational rest and work regimen. The main methods for correcting asthenic asthenopia are the use of vitamin preparations, general strengthening measures, the treatment of pathologies, the rational combination of rest andlabor.
Diagnosis
For the early diagnosis of asthenopia, an ophthalmologist necessarily conducts a study of the organs of vision, using a methodological path. This makes it possible to exclude dubious local symptoms, since they often signal not only eye fatigue syndrome.
Through the use of innovative diagnostic methods, it is possible to perform a comprehensive study of pathologies associated with vision. A comprehensive analysis allows you to perform effective treatment, so this is a very important process in the treatment of manifestations of asthenopia.
Diagnostics are performed by the following methods:
- Checking the accommodation reserve;
- vision test;
- fusion reserve study;
- study of the angle of strabismus by the Hirshberg method and on the synoptophore;
- check for strabismus;
- refractometry with normal pupil and mydriasis;
- study of the nature of vision.
Undoubtedly, all these tests cannot be performed on your own, without leaving your home. It is important to inform the ophthalmologist about all local (initial) symptoms, and not to delay the course of the disease. Although asthenopia is currently an unrecognized disease. This is only a prerequisite for possible problems with the eyes. It is important to know that without proper treatment of this syndrome, quite serious consequences can occur.
Treatment
There are such ways to treat asthenopia of the eyes:
- Muscular asthenopia is eliminated only whentreatment of strabismus. The main method of elimination is exercises for the muscular apparatus of the eyeball using a special device - a synoptophore. Orthoptic exercises are performed on this device, the main task of which is to improve both vision and improve the mobility of the eyeballs.
- Accommodative form should be treated by correcting visual impairment by wearing glasses and contact lenses every day.
- To cure the sthenic form, you first need to identify the cause that leads to fatigue, increase the amount of physical exercise for the body, improve rest and normalize the working day.
- Neurogenic asthenopia is treated with sedatives. Also in practice, computer programs are used for treatment. They display different colors, shapes, lines and their movements, which help to relax the muscles.
In the latter case, one of the methods is the use of eye drops that moisturize the mucous membrane of the eye, for example:
- Vizin;
- "Systane";
- liquid tears.
Prevention
Prevention of asthenopia is a series of the following simple actions:
- alternating eye strain and rest periods of 10 to 20 minutes every hour;
- during the rest, you need to do special exercises for the eyeball to strengthen their muscles: one of the simplest exercises is to look from closely placed objects, and then to the most distant ones;
- workplace andthe room should be well lit;
- avoid sudden changes in lighting, such as working at a brightly lit computer monitor in a dark room;
- the font on the computer should be increased to the optimal size;
- correct and comfortable fit behind the monitor with a straight back;
- physical exercises and sports contribute to a better blood supply to the eyeball, you also need to periodically massage the neck and collar zone;
- improving diet, which includes regular intake of fresh vegetables, fruits and berries (raspberries, blueberries, currants, strawberries);
- regular intake of complex vitamin preparations for the eyes, such as: "Blueberry Forte", "Ocuwaite lutein";
- during a period of long visual load, it is recommended to bury eyes with moisturizing drops or use drops of liquid tears.
