Each doctor treats people, relying not only on his professionalism, but also on clinical recommendations, which spell out what the doctor should do in a given situation. Thanks to such recommendations, the specialist can choose the right diagnostic procedure, screening tests, therapeutic methods and accurately indicate how long the patient can stay in the hospital or at home.
Clinical guidelines: what is it?
This is a regularly produced collection of policy statements that help he alth practitioners and patients make important decisions about adequate institutional care. Today, there are a huge number of prescriptions for a doctor working in a particular field. Every year there are more and more of them, as new methods of treatment or diagnosis appear.
If a doctor finds himself in a very difficult situation and does not know what decision to make in a particular case, then thanks to the collection of provisions, he can find a way out andoffer the patient appropriate treatment options.
What is the purpose of official regulations?
Today, clinical recommendations allow the doctor to find an adequate way out of this situation, because it is:
- Providing the correct answer to a specific question using evidence-based medicine.
- Help the specialist make the right decision.
- Designing standards in treatment, thus ensuring quality equitable access to medical services.
- Creating the best value for money with limited resources.
- Incentivizing he althcare professionals and patients to learn.
The main purpose of clinical prescriptions is to provide the doctor with information to select the best method of therapy and research. Clinical guidelines for diagnosis and treatment allow you to find a strategy for leading the patient to recovery and make it possible to eliminate the possible risk of incorrectly prescribed therapy.
How are recommendations made for physicians?
Since the amount of information for practicing physicians, the number of medical and diagnostic interventions is growing every year, the doctor must spend a lot of time and effort on finding, analyzing and applying this information. During the creation of recommendations, the most difficult stages have already been completed by the authors, everything is divided into chapters, and the doctor will be able to find the right answer to a rather complicated one in the shortest possible time.question.
Clinical guidelines are a kind of tool for a doctor working in any direction, which allows you to close the gap between the routine and the level of modern medicine. The doctor should spend time treating patients, not searching for information. Thanks to such collections, where everything is clearly described, he will be able to quickly find the section he needs and a clear answer to the question.
Pros and cons of clinical guidelines
Application of clinical recommendations makes it possible to achieve evidence-based medicine in clinical practice and makes it possible to significantly improve the prognosis of the pathology, reduces the number of severe and untreated situations.
The main drawback of the recommendations is that they are not widely used in Russian he althcare. There are many difficulties in translating research results into practice, it is not always possible to apply this or that advice in a particular case.
But the main plus is that thanks to all these definitions, it is possible to significantly reduce the mortality of patients and improve the prognosis of the disease. By following the clinical recommendations for treatment, it is possible to provide the patient with an identical amount of medical care, regardless of who and where the services are provided to him. But for doctors, these recommendations will improve the effectiveness of therapy in the most difficult and sometimes intractable cases.
Clinical guidelines in pediatrics
For each individual field of medicine: cardiology, surgery and others - written and developedrecommendations. They did not bypass pediatrics either. Clinical guidelines for the treatment of children contain a huge number of solutions in the treatment of common childhood diseases, all prepared by the Union of Pediatricians. They include the doctor's algorithms for the diagnosis, therapy, prevention and rehabilitation of young patients.
This allows the doctor to quickly make an informed decision in the most severe cases. Such a collection allows you to find the right solution and apply an adequate treatment option, which is very important in the most difficult situations. Especially in cases where the decision of the parents to conduct a particular procedure is required. After all, very often it is the parents who do not understand the seriousness of the situation and may, having incorrectly assessed it, unknowingly harm their baby.
Features of recommendations in diagnostics
Before making an accurate diagnosis to the patient, it is necessary to carry out a number of studies, and only thanks to their help it is possible to determine the cause of the pathology. To facilitate the choice of study in a particular case, clinical guidelines for diagnosis have been developed. It is thanks to this assistant that you can find out exactly which of the diagnostic methods will be appropriate for the symptoms described by the patient.
It is also very important that such collections help if the patient doubts that he needs to undergo the type of diagnosis that was prescribed. New Methodsdiagnostics appear regularly, and thanks to the collection of recommendations, the doctor can improve his skills and learn about new products.
Correct case management
Very often, a patient, turning to a doctor, cannot correctly explain the symptoms of the disease, so the doctor must immediately grasp the essence of the complaint and prescribe the correct diagnostic methods, and then diagnose and begin treatment. The history of the patient begins from the moment the patient crossed the threshold of the doctor's office.
Keeping a patient's medical history correctly is very important, as the card is kept for many years, and very important points can further help doctors in solving the most difficult problems. Clinical recommendations for patient management will help the doctor fill out the card correctly, prescribe a course of treatment, choose the place of therapy: a hospital or home conditions. And also write out a sick leave without violating any standards.
Standards of care
Standards are a formalized description in the form of a table of the minimum required amount of medical care that is provided to a patient with a certain form of the disease. The main task followed by those who created clinical guidelines, standards of patient management, was:
- Justification of the list of drugs that are dispensed by prescription.
- Skilled care scoping by a he alth worker to accurately determine the cost of providing it.
Skilled professionals were brought in to precisely define the standards. They helped to accurately define the structure of the standard and identify all the necessary categories by which the type of disease and type of therapy are determined.
What does the structure of a standard look like?
Each standard first of all begins with a model of a patient who needs to be managed according to the presented plan. The standard model includes the characteristics of the patient, which determine the tactics of diagnostic studies and methods of therapy:
- Name of nosological form or syndrome.
- ICD-10 code.
- Pathology phase and stage when needed.
- Possible complications, if any, or lack thereof.
A standard can consist of one or more models. For each of them, the conditions for the provision of services in a hospital or outpatient setting are determined for the patient, recommendations for diagnosis, prevention, treatment and rehabilitation are also prescribed.
The standard can also indicate both simple services of a medical institution, such as measuring body weight, protein content in urine, and very complex ones - the initial appointment with a specialist. Each examination is deciphered in its own way in accordance with the prescribed definitions.
If the doctor is a beginner or has forgotten how everything is formalized, then he can at any time use the clinical recommendations, which are also often updated with new standards, and fill everything inin accordance with the regulations. Each area of medicine has its own standards and recommendations, which are regularly updated with new, more advanced methods of diagnosis and treatment. These recommendations can also be used by the patient if he has doubts about the correctness of the doctor's therapy or for the correct choice of further rehabilitation.
