Each person must remember for himself that the prevention of coronary heart disease will be effective only in combination. Recently, heart disease has become much younger, so not only the elderly, but also young people suffer from them. Doctors say that pathology appears due to many negative factors that affect the human body. Therefore, it is necessary to start the prevention of coronary artery disease from early childhood.
When to think about prevention
According to statistics, it is men who suffer the most from the disease, and the main factor that affects this is age. Naturally, middle-aged men are more prone to disease, as a rule, changes in the body can be noticed already at the age of 45, in women everything happens much later - at 55. But at the same time, it is necessary to engage in the prevention of coronary artery disease much earlier, starting from 30-35 years old.
It is worth noting that heredity also plays a role in the development of pathology. For example, in families in which cases were diagnosedcoronary heart disease, disease in other family members can also be identified. It is necessary to monitor the he alth of your heart from an early age, preferably from the age of 25. The causes of coronary artery disease may be different, but the factors that influence always remain the same:
- Long-term smoking.
- High alcohol consumption.
- Wrong diet.
- Constant stress.
- Inactivity.
- The development of other diseases, such as diabetes and hypertension.
If these factors, in addition to everything else, are combined with each other, then the risk of getting sick increases by almost 15 times. It should be noted that the causes of coronary artery disease in most cases are acquired, which means that if you plan your daily life correctly, you may not encounter such a pathology at all.
Risk factors
If you carefully consider the risk factors, it can be noted that they are divided into two groups:
- First of all, it is the age of the person that is taken into account, which leads to a high level of the disease.
- Heredity also has a special influence.
The main reason why pathology develops is changes in the blood profile, and negative factors such as:
- Smoking. The fact is that nicotine makes the heart beat faster and activates the adrenal system. This leads to the fact that local vasospasms begin to appear, there is a risk of arrhythmia. People,who smoke for a long time, suffer much more often from atherosclerosis of the arteries.
- Cigarette smoking is not the only cause of pathology, it is also important to pay attention to high blood pressure.
- If a person is not active enough, then he has deviations in metabolism, body weight begins to increase significantly, which eventually leads to obesity and high blood pressure. People who lead an active lifestyle live much longer.
- Doctors recommend paying special attention to nutrition. Food should not be saturated with fats and sugars.
- IHD in women may be due to estrogen deficiency.
Doctors recommend to exclude all provocative factors, this is the main prevention of coronary heart disease.
Peculiarities of prevention
It is advisable to start taking preventive measures long before the first signs of coronary artery disease appear. For example, atherosclerosis is laid in childhood. The main problem of modern children is the culture of nutrition and the violation of fat metabolism. Many children have high blood cholesterol, and this trend continues into adulthood.
High blood pressure is diagnosed in almost 8% of adolescents. Recently, scientists are interested in directing all their efforts to combat cardiovascular diseases, so work begins to be carried out from early childhood. The example of the parents themselves also plays an important role, so it is advisable for adults to get rid of bad habits themselves.
Prevention includes not only the prevention of the negative impact of many factors, but also reduces the possibility of relapse. If you follow all the doctor's recommendations correctly and strictly, then even a person who has been diagnosed with coronary heart disease can significantly increase his life.
The essence of primary prevention
First of all, it is worth considering what is the primary prevention of coronary heart disease. It is this type that is used for those who do not yet have obvious signs of the disease, and they do not manifest themselves clinically, that is, we are talking about almost he althy people. Key areas for primary prevention:
- The ability to properly and rationally plan your meals.
- Do whatever you can to keep your blood sugar low.
- Carry out constant monitoring of body weight.
- If there are signs of hypertension, then it is necessary to fight them.
- You should quit smoking completely.
- Keep as active as possible.
- Make sure that the body rests in time.
It is worth dwelling on each of these prevention methods in more detail in order to have a complete picture of how it can affect the human body.
Daily routine and proper nutrition
Stress is one of the main negative factors that can cause CHD. A person must not only learn to control his emotions, but also life. Compliance with the regime of work and rest will significantly improve he alth, while it is necessary to accustom your body to eat and wake up from sleep at the same time, and, of course, give at least nine hours of rest.
To prevent the development of coronary heart disease, doctors recommend eating small meals and preferably at least 5 times a day. It is important to take in a certain number of calories per day, for example, for a person at the age of 30, 3000 calories are needed, but after ten years this amount can be reduced by 150. All this is necessary in order to reduce the level of cholesterol in the blood. Additionally, it is recommended to control the amount of glucose, because its excess can lead to vascular damage.
The basis for the diet should be vegetables and fruits, and make up 80% of the food consumed. All food is recommended to be consumed raw, baked or boiled, it is desirable to exclude fried and smoked. If a person suffers from obesity, then it is necessary to consider all the principles of proper nutrition for weight loss, otherwise the possibility of facing coronary heart disease grows exponentially.
How to overcome physical inactivity?
It should be noted that the accumulation of adipose tissue contributes to hormonal imbalance, which naturally affects the work of the cardiovascular system. The correct diet is aimed at correcting the weight of a person as much as possible. If normalizebody weight and increase physical activity, the pathological condition can be avoided.
It is important to increase your physical activity gradually. It must be remembered that physical activity should be daily. Doctors recommend for the elderly to use walking for long distances in the fresh air. Gradually, it will be possible to move on to more serious training. As a rule, it is necessary to apply in combination the principles of proper nutrition for weight loss and physical activity. The best option would be to contact a specialist who can develop an individual program for rehabilitation.
Blood sugar control and hypertension
In the risk group for the incidence of coronary heart disease in the first place are hypertensive patients and diabetics. The fact is that the first is considered the main reason for the development of coronary artery disease. When a person's pressure rises higher than 140/90, this indicates that it is necessary to visit a cardiologist who will conduct the necessary studies and select a treatment that can help normalize the indicators. As for diabetes, coronary heart disease is found in most people who have high blood sugar, so in this case it is recommended to constantly monitor its level and undergo timely examinations.
Smoking and CHD
Reducing the risk of coronary heart disease can lead to a he althy lifestyle. First of all, you should eliminate cigarette smoking from your life. The fact is that when you inhale smoke from cigarettes, the body immediatelythe level of oxygen decreases and there is no proper saturation of tissues with carbon dioxide. It should also be taken into account that each cigarette contains a certain amount of tar, and this leads to the fact that small vessels begin to work incorrectly. In the first year of quitting smoking, a person reduces the risk of coronary heart disease by almost half.
The negative effects of alcohol
Prevention of coronary heart disease is impossible without giving up alcohol. Doctors recommend drinking dry red wine in small doses, this helps the blood vessels to be in good shape, but the amount of drink drunk per week should not exceed one bottle, everything else is already harmful to the body. People who suffer from excessive drinking of alcoholic beverages increase the risk of coronary heart disease by almost ten times. If it is impossible to give up alcohol on your own, then it is best to seek help from a narcologist.
Secondary prevention
Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease is needed already when the disease has been diagnosed. The main directions are as follows:
- It is important to be able to manage CHD risk factors that are related to primary prevention.
- Coronary spasms need to be relieved with medication.
- Arrhythmia, myocardial infarction and heart failure are clearly being treated.
- In secondary prevention, it is necessary to introduce rehabilitation measures, which include not only physical training, but alsothe use of supporting and strengthening drugs.
The most extreme method is surgery
Secondary prevention cannot be carried out without examination and recommendations of specialists, therefore it is necessary to immediately consult a doctor at the first sign.
Tasks
Secondary prevention of coronary heart disease solves the following problems:
- First of all, all methods and techniques are aimed at stopping the development of regression of atherosclerosis of the coronary arteries.
- Specialists must do everything possible to prevent premature death of the patient.
- Active prevention of exacerbations and complications can eliminate heart failure.
A patient who has been diagnosed with coronary heart disease must, with the help of specialists, monitor his he alth. Only a doctor can choose the right therapy and track how effective it is.
Non-drug treatment
Secondary prevention necessarily includes proper nutrition, and doctors prescribe vitamins for the heart and blood vessels (for the elderly without fail). This is what should contribute to the normalization of the total body weight and normalization of blood sugar.
If you combine non-drug treatment with medication, you can achieve great results. If the specialist believes that to correct the gener althe patient's condition is possible without the use of drugs, then everything must be done to avoid further development of coronary artery disease.
Medicated treatment
When non-drug treatment is powerless, then you have to use different drugs. The main task of such treatment is to provide oxygen to the heart muscle and endocrine system. As a rule, the patient can be prescribed drugs such as acetylsalicylic acid, inhibitors, statins, blockers.
Often, as a preventive measure and to strengthen blood vessels, one popular remedy is prescribed, the components of which successfully cope with the task, as stated in its instructions for use - "Askorutin". The price of the drug is acceptable for any person (58 rubles), and he himself has a positive effect, which is so necessary for the body with coronary artery disease.
If you carefully follow all the recommendations of doctors, you can avoid complications during treatment.
