With hypertension, the patient has a steady increase in blood pressure. In the process of the development of the disease, the functioning of the internal organs is disrupted, namely the work of the organs of vision, the kidneys, heart and brain cease to fully function. Hypertensive heart disease is a form of hypertension that is characterized by damage to the heart muscle.
The main causes of the disease
Due to the development of hypertensive heart disease, the cardiovascular system ceases to function fully due to vasoconstriction and increased pressure. As medical practice shows, this form of the disease occurs in 19% of cases of sustained pressure increase. Experts could not find out the main cause that provokes the appearance of hypertensive disease with a primary lesion of the heart, but factors affecting this process have been identified. BUTnamely:
- overweight;
- systematic experiences;
- unhe althy lifestyle;
- unbalanced diet;
- disturbances in the work of the heart.
According to experts, the psycho-emotional state of the patient plays a very important role, as it often provokes the development of pathological processes in the arteries and blood vessels. Quite often, due to atherosclerotic changes in the vessels, hypertensive disease develops. If one of the symptoms of the disease appears, it is important to immediately seek help from a qualified specialist, since self-medication can provoke the development of serious complications. Hypertensive disease with a primary lesion of the heart is dangerous because it can progress and pass into more complex forms. In order to avoid a fatal outcome, it is important to prevent the occurrence of complications.
Symptoms of the disease
There are several symptoms that can be used to determine the presence of arterial hypertension. These include:
- hyperemia of the face;
- active sweating;
- systematic increase in blood pressure;
- appearance of anxiety in the patient;
- appearance of breathing problems;
- change in heart rate;
- migraine.
In frequent cases, there are no symptoms at the initial stage of the development of the disease. The patient feels discomfort only at the second stage of a hypertensive disease with a primary lesion of the heart - in the case of a strong increase in blood pressure.
Stages of pathology development
Hypertensive disease is dangerous because it can progress. Taking into account changes in blood pressure, doctors divided the process of the development of the disease into several degrees. The nature of the disruption of the cardiovascular system is taken into account.
- In the first degree of hypertensive (hypertensive) disease with a primary lesion of the heart, the systolic (upper) value of blood pressure moderately increases - within 135-159 mm. rt. Art., the border of the diastolic (lower) value is from 89 to 99 mm. rt. st.
- The second degree of development of the disease, when the pressure can rise to 179 mm. rt. st.
- Third - over 181 mm. rt. st.
There are several stages of hypertensive (hypertension) disease with a primary lesion of the heart. Namely:
- There is a minor violation in the first stage.
- On the second - you can detect pronounced hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart.
- The third stage is characterized by the occurrence of coronary heart disease and heart failure.
In hypertensive disease with a primary lesion of the heart (111.9 ICD code 10), there are no congestion. At the initial stage of the development of the disease, pressure can be normalized with the help of antihypertensive drugs. In the second stage of the disease, pressure can fluctuate, so he alth complications often occur. In some cases, antihypertensive treatment is ineffective. For this reason, therapy is carried out with the use of drugs,that normalize the work of the heart. At the last stage of the development of the disease, the functioning of the heart is disrupted. Patients feel worse in general he alth and there is pain in the affected organ.
Heart dysfunction
Hypertensive heart disease eventually leads to congestion. In the process of developing heart failure, due to the loss of elasticity of the walls of the heart, blood circulation is disturbed, that is, the pumping function of the muscles is weakened. Due to a decrease in blood flow in the arteries and vessels, blood pressure in the heart itself can increase, which causes its defective functioning. Under such conditions, the body is not sufficiently supplied with oxygen, just like the heart.
Due to the lack of oxygen, the heart begins to work actively in order to prevent the development of oxygen starvation of the brain. This phenomenon further depletes the heart muscles. As a result, hypertension develops, and the risk of a heart attack increases significantly.
Diagnostic measures
If one of the symptoms of a hypertensive disease with a primary lesion of the heart or kidneys appears, it is important to immediately consult a doctor. Treatment at home can harm and aggravate the situation. Only after a thorough examination of the patient, the doctor will prescribe effective drugs that will help cure the disease and eliminate the unpleasant symptoms of the disease.
With the help of a physical examination, KG and ultrasound of the kidneys, diagnostics are carried out. Doctorselects treatment depending on the overall clinical picture. The cardiologist takes into account the severity of the pathological process in the heart.
Due to heart failure, the kidneys do not function well and can retain fluid in the body. Under such conditions, the patient may experience swelling and increased blood pressure. Over time, this leads to congestive heart failure. In the event that timely and comprehensive treatment is not carried out to normalize blood pressure, serious complications may arise, since the heart is quickly depleted. Under such conditions, there is a high risk of heart attack and sudden death.
First of all, the state of he alth is rapidly deteriorating, the pressure quickly rises and the heart stops completely. At the 2nd and 3rd stages of the disease, crises occur. During a crisis, pressure can rise rapidly due to the fact that the heart is not able to provide the necessary blood flow and cope with increased vascular tone. Pulmonary edema develops, which can also be fatal.
Hypertensive kidney or heart disease has the same symptoms as hypertension. For this reason, self-medication is not recommended. First you need to diagnose the disease.
How to carry out therapy?
Hypertensive disease or hypertension of the heart is treated exactly like hypertension - antihypertensive therapy is carried out. If blood pressure is normalized, the load on the heart will decrease. Additionally, it is necessary to use drugs that are used in therapyheart failure. At the initial stage of the development of the disease, monotherapy with ACE inhibitors is used. During treatment, you should lead a he althy lifestyle.
Treatment is with diuretics, calcium antagonists and beta-blockers. There is no universal therapy regimen, the doctor selects it depending on the individual characteristics of the patient and blood pressure values.
Folk method
In case of hypertensive disease with a primary lesion of the kidneys, it is useful to use alternative methods of therapy, but only as directed by a doctor.
So, with the help of rosehip infusion, you can remove fluid from the body, which will reduce the load on the heart and eliminate swelling. To prepare a healing agent, it is necessary to pour the crushed plant with boiling water and insist for a while. Take half a cup several times a day.
Fresh parsley can be used to treat the heart. Doctors recommend including greens in your diet.
Chamomile tea, valerian root and motherwort have a positive effect on the heart.
Doctors' recommendations
To prevent the development of a disease with a primary lesion of the heart, it is important to lead a he althy lifestyle, stop smoking. It disrupts the functioning of the whole organism, since nicotine negatively affects vascular permeability.
It is important to do regular light exercise and eat right to avoid problems with being overweight. Alcohol consumption inin moderation or avoid altogether.
Note to patient
Among the most common mistakes of patients, there are untimely visits to the doctor, self-treatment and termination of therapy when positive dynamics of recovery appear. Medicines should be prescribed strictly by a doctor, depending on the individual characteristics of the patient's body. The dose and duration of the course is determined by an exceptional specialist.
Effective drugs
Heart disease is treated with the following drugs:
- Thanks to diuretics, edema can be eliminated and blood vessels normalized. With the use of "Hydrochlorothiazide", "Indapamide", "Chlorthalidone", "Veroshpiron", "Metoclopramide", "Furosemide", congestion in the circulatory system and kidneys is eliminated, toxins and toxins are removed from the body, blood pressure is normalized.
- With the help of "Bisoprolol", "Carvedilol", "Betaxolol" you can normalize the functioning of the heart.
- Thanks to angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, it is possible to improve the functioning of blood vessels and cause their expansion. The use of Metoprolol, Captopril, Berlipril, Kapoten, Trandolapril, Lisinopril are aimed at restoring the full functioning of the heart and blood vessels.
- Reduce stress on the heart with Amlodipine, Corinfar, Nifedipine,Verapamil and Diltiazem. These drugs are called calcium channel blockers.
- Effective angiotensin receptor blockers include: Losartan, Valsartan, Telmisartan, Micardis.
If hypertension has arisen due to a violation of the regulation of blood pressure by the centers of the brain, then treatment is carried out using Clonidine, Andipal, Moxonitex, Physiotens.
Diuretics
When edema occurs, doctors often prescribe diuretics - diuretics. Furosemide is one of them. The drug is recommended for edema caused by:
- kidney pathology;
- hypertension;
- cerebral edema;
- hypercalcemia.
The dose is prescribed strictly by the attending physician. "Veroshpiron" is a potassium-sparing drug that prevents calcium from leaving the body. Prescribed for the prevention of edema, as well as:
- for essential hypertension;
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- ascites;
- nephrotic syndrome;
- hypomagnesemia;
- hypokalemia.
And thanks to "Indapamide" you can increase the elasticity of blood vessels. The drug does not harm the general state of he alth and does not affect the level of glucose in the blood. With the help of the drug, hypertrophy of the left ventricle of the heart decreases. Prescribed for moderate hypertension and chronic heart failure.
