Terminal, or so-called superficial, anesthesia is a type of local anesthesia. To eliminate sensitivity, a special solution, gel is applied to the required area, or an injection is performed. The local method of anesthesia is actively used in dental practice, urology, otolaryngology and obstetrics. It is also often used for cystoscopy, bronchoscopy, laryngoscopy and gastroscopy.
Lidocaine Asept spray is perhaps the most inexpensive and popular anesthetic, which is designed for superficial local anesthesia. Its properties, composition and method of application are described below.
Composition, product description and anesthetic packaging
Spray "Lidocaine Asept" contains active ingredients such as lidocaine and chlorhexidine. The preparation also contains auxiliary components in the form of ethanol (ethyl alcohol 96%), propylene glycol, levomenthol, sodium hydroxide and purified water.
Currentlocal anesthetic is sold in polyethylene bottles (with a spray nozzle), which are filled with a clear, colorless or yellowish liquid with a characteristic smell of menthol and ethyl alcohol.
Drug action
What is Lidocaine Asept Spray? The instruction says that this is a combined agent that has a local anesthetic and antiseptic effect.
Its active substance (lidocaine) is a local anesthetic. The principle of operation of this component is associated with the blockade of Na channels in the nerve endings and is due to the inhibition of nerve conduction. Such an effect of the drug prevents the conduction of a pain impulse along nerve fibers, as well as its generation in sensitive nerve endings.
When used topically, the Lidocaine Asept spray promotes vasodilation. However, it does not cause a local irritating effect. The action of the drug develops 1-5 minutes after it is applied to the skin or mucous membranes and lasts about a quarter of an hour.
The second active substance of the local anesthetic - chlorhexndine - is an antiseptic substance. It is active against gram-positive bacteria, as well as protozoa and gram-negative microorganisms.
Pharmacokinetics of the drug
What pharmacokinetic properties does Lidocaine Asept spray (50ml, 10%) have? According to the instructions, this tool is quickly absorbed from the mucous membranes. The rate of drug absorption depends onblood supply in the area of application, the dose used, the location of the sensitive area and the duration of the application.
If you apply the spray "Lidocaine Asept" (10%) on the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract, the drug is partially swallowed, then inactivated in the gastrointestinal tract.
The maximum concentration of anesthetic in the blood is reached after 10-20 minutes. The binding of the drug to plasma proteins depends on its concentration and is about 60-80%. The drug is fairly quickly distributed to well-blooded organs, as well as to adipose and muscle tissues.
The active ingredients of the Lidocaine Asept spray penetrate the placental and blood-brain barriers and are excreted in breast milk.
Metabolism of the drug occurs in the liver with the participation of microsomal enzymes.
The drug is excreted along with bile and through the kidneys.
Chlorhexidine is almost not absorbed when applied topically.
When used?
The use of Lidocaine Asept spray is indicated for disinfection and local anesthesia in:
- case of ruptured abscesses (superficial);
- gynecology and obstetrics (for the purpose of anesthetizing the perineum during incision or episiotomy);
- case of removal of bone fragments in dentistry and swinging baby teeth;
- dermatology (for burns, bites, minor wounds and contact dermatitis);
- in case of decontamination of the injection site before terminal anesthesia;
- otorhinolaryngological practice duringcoagulation (in the treatment of nosebleeds).
This medicine can also be used for:
- fixation of bridges and crowns in dental practice;
- suturing the mucous membranes;
- treatment of periodontopathies and gum disease;
- extirpation of an enlarged interdental papilla;
- tartar removal;
- surgical interventions on the nasal septum and during the removal of nasal polyps, as well as for disinfection and anesthesia of the needle insertion site (for injection) before removing the tonsils, when eliminating the pharyngeal reflex;
- making an impression of the dentition (when using an elastic material);
- maxillary sinus puncture (as an additional anesthesia), when opening abscesses (peritonsillar);
- x-ray examination, in order to eliminate the pharyngeal reflex and possible nausea;
- removing stitches;
- endoscopic and instrumental examinations;
- treating the wound of filamentous suppuration;
- disinfection and anesthesia of the surgical field (on the vagina, cervix), etc.
Contraindications for use
When should you not use Lidocaine Asept Spray (50ml)? The following conditions are contraindications to the use of this drug:
- cardiogenic shock;
- high sensitivity of the patient to chlorhexidine, lidocaine or other components of the drug;
- weakness syndromesinus node;
- myasthenia gravis;
- atrioventricular block;
- pronounced impaired liver function;
- epileptiform seizures:
- Children under eight years old.
Careful use
Lidocaine Asept spray is used with extreme caution in debilitated patients, with local infections (with injuries to the mucous membrane or skin), as well as acute diseases, in the elderly, young children, during pregnancy and lactation. In the latter cases, the drug in question is prescribed only according to indications.
Spray "Lidocaine Asept": instructions for use
Anesthetic is used externally and topically. Before using the drug, the protective cap is removed from the vial, after which a spray nozzle is installed on the pump rod. The tip of the latter is brought to the application area and pressed on the head, holding the container strictly in a vertical position.
Pressing once allows you to select one dose of the product. The number of doses may vary depending on the nature of the treated surface and its size.
To avoid absorption of the drug into the general circulation, it is necessary to use the minimum dosage that provides a sufficient therapeutic effect. As a rule, 1-3 pumps are enough for local anesthesia.
Precautions
What should a patient know before using Lidocaine Asept Spray? Reviews of experts claim that during the use of the drug one should be careful not to get it intoairways (due to aspiration hazard).
The use of the product in the throat requires special care.
Therapy for the elderly and debilitated people should be carried out in small doses, taking into account the general condition and age of the patient.
Side Effects
Erythema and a slight burning sensation are possible at the site of application of the Lidocaine Asept spray. The latter effect is usually eliminated after the onset of anesthesia. Also, the drug can cause allergic reactions such as itching, skin rash, bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock and angioedema. In addition, the following side effects are likely to occur when using the spray:
- headache, dizziness, high blood pressure;
- convulsions, bradycardia, tremors;
- anxiety, blurred vision, tinnitus;
- urethritis, agitation, respiratory depression, depression;
- euphoria, feeling of fear, feeling cold, hot.
Overdose cases
When using high doses of the drug, the following symptoms are possible: collapse, headache, decrease in blood pressure, nausea, bradycardia, vomiting, cardiac arrest, pallor of the skin, tremor, blurred visual perception, clonic-tonic convulsions, ringing in the ears, arrhythmia, diplopia, psychomotor agitation.
Therapy: at the first signs of intoxication, the patient is transferred to a horizontal position, after which they begin inhalation O2. Dialysis with an overdose of lidocaine is ineffective.
Interaction with other tools
DrugsPropranolol and Cimetidine reduce the hepatic clearance of lidocaine, and also increase the risk of toxic effects such as drowsiness, state of stupor, paresthesia, bradycardia, etc.
Negative inotropic effect may increase when used with agents such as Aymaline, Phenytoin, Verapamil, Quinidine and Amiodarone.
Concurrent administration with beta-blockers increases the risk of developing bradycardia. With the simultaneous use of lidocaine and hypnotics, the inhibitory effect of the latter on the central nervous system may increase. Cardiac glycosides reduce the cardiotonic effect of the drug in question, and curare-like drugs enhance the relaxation of muscle tissues.
Substance such as procainamide increases the excitability of the central nervous system and the risk of hallucinations.
Lidocaine Asept is incompatible with soaps and detergents that contain an anionic group (in particular, sodium lauryl sulfate, saponins, sodium carboxymethylcellulose). The drug is compatible with products containing a cationic group (in particular, benzalkonium chloride).
Reviews
According to consumer reviews, Lidocaine Asept spray is a highly effective local anesthetic drug. Patients claim that such a remedy should be present in every home first aid kit, especially in families with children from 8 years old.
This drug not only reduces and eliminates pain effects, but also disinfects mucous surfaces and skin.
Versatility- this is the main advantage of the spray "Lidocaine Asept". It can be used in dentistry, dermatology, gynecology, etc. However, before using the drug, you should definitely read the instructions, as it has many contraindications and can cause various side effects.
