In the article, we will consider how the removal of veins for varicose veins is carried out.
Varicose veins is a pathology in which there is a thinning of the vessels located in the lower extremities, as a result of impaired blood flow. In the absence of the necessary effect from the therapeutic and drug effects, experts often recommend the removal of veins for varicose veins.
Indications for surgery
Such procedures can be carried out if the patient has a variety of indications. The condition of the patient is determined by a phlebologist. As a rule, removal of a vein is prescribed if the pathology is in a neglected state, as well as in the following situations:
- If varicose veins provoked the development of complications.
- If the symptoms of the pathology appear more often, causing discomfort to the patient.
- In case of extensive varicose veins.
- Development of blood flow disorders.
- Development of thrombophlebitis, trophic ulcers.
- Occurrence of excessive fatigue andsevere swelling of the legs.
Surgeries prescribed for varicose veins are safe, they are carried out using modern techniques. In this regard, the likelihood of complications is small, the body does not need significant changes.
Who is contraindicated for varicose vein removal?
Contraindications for surgery
Despite the fact that the operations associated with the removal of veins have good prognosis, are carried out using effective techniques, there are certain contraindications to its implementation:
- Old age.
- Pregnancy (2-3 trimester).
- Infectious diseases, heart pathology.
- Development of inflammatory processes on the lower extremities, including eczema, erysipelas.
- Thrombotic phenomena in the deep veins of the lower extremities.
Preparation
Before the operation to remove the veins for varicose veins, the specialist prescribes a certain examination to the patient. The results of these studies will allow you to choose the right method for removing veins.
The main preparatory studies are:
- Laboratory examination of blood samples.
- Duplex Scan.
- Magnetic resonance phlebography. This study allows you to detect blood clots, if any.
- Dopplerography (examination of veins using ultrasound).
How exactly can a vein be removed for varicose veins?
Varieties of surgical interventions
CurrentlyThere are several types of surgical interventions used for varicose veins. In order to choose the right type of operation, the phlebologist must take into account the results of preliminary studies, the condition of the surface layers of the skin, the presence of other pathologies, the patient's condition, the severity of the disease.
Most often, if surgery is required to remove veins on the leg for varicose veins, the following types of surgery are used:
- Steaming.
- Radiofrequency surgery.
- Laser coagulation.
- Sclerotherapy.
- Phlebectomy.
Each of the methods has certain features, disadvantages and positive aspects. Let's take a closer look at them.
Phlebectomy
This type of vein removal surgery for varicose veins is a classic, it is recognized as one of the most effective ways to combat varicose veins, therefore it is used much more often than others. The technique involves the removal of dilated veins through incisions made on the surface of the skin. Only those parts of the veins that have been damaged are subject to removal.
Phlebectomy has been used for a long time, and therefore the methodology for its implementation has been extremely developed. Such an operation lasts approximately 1-2 hours, the patient after surgery remains in the hospital for only a day.
According to reviews, removal of a vein with varicose veins is most often quite easy.
In the vast majority of cases, phlebectomy is performed in combination, using severalmethods.
- Endoscopic dissection. It is carried out using a probe, which is inserted into the veins, and then the affected part of the vessel is excised. This method is characterized by a small number of possible complications.
- Microphlebectomy. Its main difference from the classical phlebectomy is a different access to the vein. With microphlebectomy, the skin is pierced.
- Striping. The technique involves ligation of the vein, subsequent freezing to the surgical instrument and removal. Stripping can be partial or complete. The method is considered a minimally invasive surgical intervention. All actions are performed through a puncture of superficial tissues, that is, there is no need for suturing.
- Saphenectomy (Babcock method). This technique involves ligation and division of the main vein. Access in this case is through an incision made in the groin area. The vein is opened, soft tissues are separated from it. Safenectomy is used for advanced forms of varicose veins.
- Crossectomy. In this case, the surgeon makes small incisions in the area where the dilated saphenous vein connects, or above the connective sheaths of the lower leg. After the operation, there are no traces of incisions. This technique is used, as a rule, if secondary operations are required for varicose veins.
Sclerotherapy technique
Using this technique, the inner surfaces of the veins are glued together. For this purpose, the substance sclerosan is used - they fill a vein. Suchthe glued vein later transforms into scar tissue. A similar method of removing leg veins for varicose veins is minimally invasive. Its effectiveness has been proven in the treatment of varicocele.
Sclerotherapy can be performed in the following ways:
- Sclerotherapy using the Foam-Form method. In this case, the venous cavity is filled with foam, which provokes the gluing of the vascular walls.
- Echosclerotherapy. In this case, the walls of the vessels are glued together by injecting a sclerosant.
Removal of a vein for varicose veins with a laser
The method involves the removal of veins in the lower extremities with varicose veins without making incisions. Small punctures are made in the skin, and then the affected parts of the vein are sealed with a laser beam. The technique has established itself as the most effective, since after it no side effects develop. In addition, after removal of a vein using laser coagulation, the symptoms of varicose veins almost never develop again.
After laser coagulation no stitches are required, the operated patient is discharged from the hospital after a few hours.
Laser vein removal is used if the treatment of small veins, the diameter of which does not reach 1 mm, is required. The advantage of this technique is also the absence of the risk of infection of the wound during the intervention.
Radiofrequency technique
If a patient with varicose veins is not indicated for laser coagulation of veins, a phlebologist may recommend radiofrequency surgery. The technique does not provoke the development of negative consequences, however, the cost of such a procedure significantly exceeds the cost of previous operations.
Steam Method
This technique is one of the latest phlebological developments. It involves the introduction of steam into the affected vein, which acts in such a way that the vascular walls stick together. Steam treatment is effective if the vein is excessively tortuous.
After such a procedure, the patient is discharged after a day. There are no scars and damage to the skin after vein treatment with steam.
Advantages of operational techniques
Therapy of varicose veins by removing the affected leg veins using modern surgical methods has a number of positive aspects:
- Short recovery period.
- Minimum hospital stay.
- No need for general anesthesia.
- Minimum intervention in the patient's body, a small area of damage due to surgery.
What happens after vein removal for varicose veins?
Recovery period after surgical removal of veins for varicose veins
The likelihood of re-development of varicose veins or the occurrence of negative manifestations in the implementation of surgical interventions of this kind remains at a fairly low level. However, the patient during the rehabilitation period must strictly adhere to medicalrecommendations.
Among the basic requirements to be followed after surgery for varicose vein removal are the following:
- Wearing comfortable shoes.
- Use specialist-recommended antiplatelet agents (drugs that prevent blood clots).
- Performance of physical therapy exercises, compliance with the load recommended by the doctor. After completing the course of physiotherapy exercises, you should continue to do gymnastics on your own to prevent congestion in the blood flow of the lower extremities.
- Apply tight bandages to affected areas (elastic bandages are best).
- Wearing special compression underwear to prevent vein expansion.
It is also important to remember that in the recovery period it is forbidden to lift weights, gain weight, drink alcohol. It is important to refrain from visiting the sauna, driving a car, doing any work that involves heavy physical activity.
Probable Complications
What are the consequences of removing a vein for varicose veins? Even successful surgery can result in side effects.
Possible manifestations that can occur as a result of surgery associated with the removal of veins in the legs for varicose veins can be:
- Re-development of varicose veins. This phenomenon occurs if the patient has a hereditary predispositionor he violated medical guidelines.
- Swelling of the legs.
- The appearance of a seal at the site of a puncture or incision of the skin. It will disappear simultaneously with hematomas.
- Hematomas of considerable size. They disappear within 1-4 months.
- Painful attacks when touching the skin. Such a complication can occur if nerve endings are damaged during the operation.
To prevent the development of negative symptoms, you should keep the muscles and veins in good shape so that the blood flow in the lower extremities is not disturbed.
Prevention activities
If a person has unfavorable heredity or is at risk for other reasons, he should follow preventive measures:
- Blood is good for cycling, walking, swimming, exercise.
- Compression garments recommended.
- Medications should be taken periodically, for example, Phlebodia, Detralex, but the need for their use should be agreed with a specialist.
- You should regularly drink vitamin C, it helps to strengthen blood vessels, improve the characteristics of blood composition.
Besides, prevention means maintaining a he althy lifestyle. You should get rid of bad addictions and revise your own diet.
Reviews on the operation to remove a vein for varicose veins
Patients respond very well to the procedure, regardless of the vein removal technique used. Operations allowsignificantly improve the patient's well-being, eliminate the characteristic symptoms of varicose veins - remove swelling, heaviness in the legs, cramps, pain. The consequences as a result of such interventions develop very rarely, that is, the operations are practically safe.
We examined how the removal of veins in the legs with varicose veins is carried out.
