Cyst is a formation in the human body, which usually consists of a cavity and fluid. The structure of its cells and contents makes it possible to classify the tumor by type. Over time, if left untreated, the cyst grows, and cells may begin to change with development, which often leads to degeneration into a malignant formation. What causes a cyst, on what factors does its growth depend? Consider in the article.
Dysontogenetic cyst
A type of intrauterine pathology that persists after birth. It provokes the formation of excess tissue. For example, a cyst may result from an open branchial cleft or thyroid-lingual duct. Sometimes pathological processes lead to formations inside the organs. The dermoid type of cyst is also a consequence of violations of embryonic development and is characterized by the presence of dense walls of connective tissue. Inside the cyst, hair, teeth, sebaceous glands and others can be located.clusters of cells. So, what causes a dysontogenetic type cyst? This is a consequence of genetic disorders in the development of the embryo during the period of gestation at different stages of pregnancy.
Cysts of retention origin
The glands of internal secretion with a delay in the outflow of secretory fluid contribute to the appearance and development of cysts. The mechanism is based on successive events: the duct is clogged, the secret cannot be completely released and gradually accumulates inside. For a long time, mucus and water remain inside the gland, deforming its walls. After some time, a cyst is formed, lined with epithelium. Most often, such a development mechanism is valid for such bodies as:
- salivary and mammary glands;
- prostate;
- ovaries.
Scientists have found out what causes a cyst: usually the process starts due to inflammatory diseases. So, lesions of the prostate gland occur as a result of chronic prostatitis.
The negative impact of parasites
There are frequent cases of tumor formation in connection with the vital activity of parasites in the human body. One of the most common pathogens is tapeworms, such as echinococcus. The disease is transmitted through dogs or contaminated water sources. Echinococcosis is one of the reasons why a cyst of the liver, lungs, spleen, gallbladder, less often the heart or brain appears. The condition is dangerously long without symptoms. Upon reaching an impressive size, educationbrings inconvenience.
Parasitic cysts require appropriate treatment due to the high risk of infection of other cavities and organs. Pathogens must be destroyed with therapy, and the cyst is most often removed surgically or by percutaneous puncture.
Colloid cyst
This is a benign formation filled with gelatinous fluid and covered with connective cells. In appearance, it resembles nodules. This type of cyst grows very slowly and forms mainly in the brain or thyroid gland. Often it is hereditary. What causes a cyst with colloidal contents? In addition to genetic predisposition, the growth and development of neoplasms in the brain can be affected by:
- stress, fatigue;
- poor diet and sleep;
- lack of exercise.
Among the causes of the appearance of a colloid cyst in the thyroid gland, there are:
- injuries;
- bad habits;
- acid-base imbalance;
- lack of iodine;
- negative effects of x-rays.
For a long time the disease does not manifest itself. With formations in the thyroid gland, a cyst is detected with a significant increase in it. Colloidal goiter is diagnosed. A tumor in the brain makes itself felt only with hydrocephalus, which develops as a result of cystic formation.
Other reasonsappearance of cysts
Ramolitic benign formations develop against the background of organ necrosis. The site of damage is overgrown with connective tissue, which in the future will become the wall of the tumor. Enzymes soften dead tissue, and gradually they turn into a liquid. Most often, cysts of this type appear in the brain (for example, after a stroke) or with osteoblastoma.
It is not uncommon for one cyst to grow inside another. This usually occurs within the glandular tissue, due to its structure. Provokes the beginning of the growth of the second tumor adenoma and other cysts of the secretory organs. Trauma can also serve as a reason for the formation of a neoplasm. The epithelial layer is broken, and a cyst is formed at the site of damage.
Retention formations of female organs
Approximately 80% of all benign tumors of the glandular organs of the female body look like a follicular cyst. Why does a follicular cyst appear so often? This is due to female physiology. Every month, the ovaries produce follicles within which an egg is formed. Around the middle of the menstrual cycle, the integrity of the largest of them is destroyed. If this does not happen, fluid inside the follicle accumulates and a cyst forms. Within 2-3 months, the formations may disappear on their own, but this does not always happen.
What causes a cyst on the ovary, what factors provoke its development? Most often, the tumor is formed inreproductive age and asymptomatic. Larger tumors can be uncomfortable. Follicular cysts never degenerate into oncology. There is only the risk of tearing them and twisting the base.
Benign Breast Tumors
Inside the milk ducts of the breast, formations in the form of granules with a clear liquid can form. They are diagnosed mainly when they reach a sufficient size for palpation or accidentally on a preventive ultrasound. The process is usually asymptomatic. Sometimes discomfort and burning in the chest before and during menstruation is possible.
What causes cysts in women's breasts? The mammary glands are one of the most vulnerable organs, which is constantly exposed to the influence of a large number of hormones. In this regard, the main reason for the appearance and development of cystic formations is a hormonal imbalance.
It so happened that there were no endocrine disorders, but the tumor still appeared. Why does a cyst appear in such a situation? In addition to hormonal changes, injuries, diseases of the reproductive system, and long-term inflammatory processes both in the gland itself and in other “female” organs can provoke the growth of benign formations.
What causes a cyst in a seemingly he althy person? Usually this results from insufficient attention to the body and its needs: poor sleep and nutrition, stress, overstrain. A large place in the development of tumors is occupied by untreated diseases and inflammations.
