Very often in people there is such a disease of the endocrine system as diabetes mellitus. “Is it possible to cure this disease and why does it occur?” - this question worries many. In order to understand this, it is necessary to find out how the disease manifests itself and what factors contribute to its occurrence.
Symptoms
Diabetes mellitus has its own characteristics. They are expressed very clearly even in the early stages of the development of the disease. The main ones are:
- frequent urge to urinate;
- feeling constantly thirsty;
- quick weight loss;
- increased irritability and extreme fatigue;
- feeling hungry;
- skin problems;
- slow regeneration of various cuts and wounds;
- increased susceptibility to infectious diseases;
- disorders of the visual organs;
- discomfort in limbs;
- Above normal blood sugar levels.
Often, a person who finds himself with such symptoms immediately assumes that he has an insulin-dependentdiabetes. "Can it be cured?" - this question becomes a constant topic of conversation with friends and acquaintances. He brings himself to a frenzy and nervous exhaustion, drawing pictures in his imagination, one more terrible than the other. Although an elementary acquaintance with information about the disease allows you to find out that the disease can be of various types and forms, and far from the most severe.
Types of diabetes
According to the generally accepted classification used in all research institutes of endocrinology, a disease characterized by a significant increase in the concentration of glucose in the blood can be primary and secondary. The main forms of the primary disease are considered to be diabetes 1 and 2 degrees. Both varieties are independent diseases.
Secondary diabetes occurs against the background of various pathological processes in the body and is their consequence.
Reasons
Type 1 diabetes occurs when the pancreas fails to produce insulin of the required quality or quantity. Experts still do not have an unambiguous opinion about the root causes of this phenomenon.
Type 2 diabetes affects people who are genetically disposed to it. There can be two birth defects:
- tissues are insensitive to the effects of insulin;
- glucose is not taken up by beta cells.
Genetic predisposition is inherited. However, it is not a guarantee of the mandatory development of diabetes. The disease begins to manifest itself in the presence of a number of risk factors. Among them:
- old age;
- a little physical activity;
- malnutrition;
- obesity;
- birth weight.
If risk factors are eliminated, people with a genetic predisposition to type 2 diabetes can successfully avoid it.
Secondary diabetes can be observed in the following cases:
- during pregnancy;
- with diseases of the endocrine system;
- for acromegaly and Cushing's syndrome.
Treatment of diabetes
Very often people are very frightened by the diagnosis: diabetes mellitus. "Can this disease be cured?" - this is their first question to a specialist. Secondary diabetes mellitus is successfully treated. It passes if you get rid of the factor or disease that caused it.
Primary type 1 and type 2 diabetes is incurable. Under the fight against it is meant the implementation of various measures that maintain the patient's blood sugar level in a state close to normal. Treatment goals are:
- get rid of all the symptoms that accompany the disease;
- maintaining normal metabolic balance for a long time;
- prevention of emerging complications;
- improving the quality of life of a sick person.
Treatment of diabetes mellitus should never be done on your own. A good choice would be to contact the Institute of Endocrinology in Moscow. Specialists have been effectively helping people suffering from such a disease for many years. For this purpose, various tablets for diabetes are used, as well asmethods and techniques, which can be seen below.
Insulin therapy
Type 1 diabetes is treated only with insulin injections, the introduction of which mimics the result of its natural production in the human body. The patient constantly, several times a day, takes doses of the drug according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor.
In type 2 diabetes, insulin injections can only be prescribed by a doctor on a strictly individual basis. They are useful in very rare cases:
- if diabetes pills don't work;
- during pregnancy;
- with decompensation of carbohydrate metabolism that occurs against the background of operations, as well as various diseases;
- for ketoacidosis;
- with various contraindications or intolerance to sugar-lowering drugs.
Medicines
If advanced stages of type 2 diabetes mellitus are observed, then the main method of treating the disease is drug therapy. It consists of regular oral medication intake.
The doctor develops a treatment regimen for each patient individually. Most often, hypoglycemic monotherapy is used first: treatment is carried out with metformin or sulfonylurea drugs.
When the effectiveness of this technique is low, combinations of various medications are prescribed.
Weight control
Drugs for diabetes are usedin severe cases. This is not the only way to deal with the disease.
If type 2 diabetes is diagnosed early, diet and exercise can help manage weight. If body weight is excessive, it must be reduced gradually so as not to damage the cardiovascular system.
Sometimes, on the contrary, there is a sharp weight loss. In this case, the weight must be gained and maintained at a normal level.
Food
With diabetes, the right diet is very important. It should be quite thoughtful, since food has a very strong effect on blood sugar levels. The following foods are prohibited for diabetics:
- rice, semolina, barley;
- sweet (except for special confectionery products containing permitted sweeteners);
- pastries and white bread;
- mashed potatoes;
- everything is fatty and smoked;
- grapes, bananas, melons, pears;
- fruit juices and sweet drinks;
- curd products;
- butter and spreads;
- semi-finished products;
- sauces, spices and condiments;
- s alt.
Must be included in the daily menu:
- oatmeal and buckwheat;
- fresh vegetables;
- low-fat dairy products;
- seafood;
- tomato juice;
- cool eggs;
- lean meat.
It is very useful to arrange a kefir or buckwheat fasting day once a month.
Physical activity
There are no strict contraindications for sports and exercise in diabetes mellitus. Exercise increases insulin levels in the blood and lowers sugar. However, in order not to overdo it and not harm the body, you still need to follow a number of simple rules.
- Before starting exercise, blood sugar levels should not exceed 15 mmol/l and fall below 5.
- Stay on the prescribed treatment regimen and proper diet.
- Correct the possible occurrence of hypoglycemia by eating some bread or other easily digestible carbohydrates before starting exercise. It's great to know all her symptoms.
- No exercise when feeling unwell.
Folk remedies
In addition to traditional methods of dealing with diabetes, alternative ones can also be used. However, folk remedies should not be a replacement, but an addition to the main treatment regimen.
Wheat stew, barley broth, chicory infusion are very beneficial. Using onions, acorns and various herbs for diabetes is also very effective and popular.
Shilajit and sauerkraut juice are widely used.
Prevention of Diabetes
Research Institute of Endocrinology is considered the best means to prevent the occurrence of type 1 diabetes, mandatory breastfeeding of infants and the prevention of various infectious diseases.
In diabetes 2type for preventive purposes it is recommended to adhere to:
- strict diet and fractional nutrition;
- active lifestyle with adequate physical activity;
- avoid stressful situations.
If you follow preventive measures and eliminate risk factors, you can live happily all your life and never face the questions: “What is diabetes? Can it be cured? However, even if you get sick, you do not need to fall into despair. The Institute of Endocrinology in Moscow enjoys a very good reputation among diabetics. Timely access to specialists and the appointment of effective treatment by them will help maintain excellent he alth and enjoy life.
