The human body is imperfect. And as soon as he coped with one disease, as we already notice that another is already on the threshold. This may be for various reasons: the weakening of our body and a predisposition to certain diseases, and a hereditary factor may also play a role. Some diseases can lurk in the body for years, progressing slowly and imperceptibly for us. Especially for those with chronic illnesses. One of these dangerous diseases is nephropathy.
Nephropathy - what is it
The simplest definition is kidney dysfunction. And speaking specifically, this concept combines many varieties of kidney diseases. This is the case when the disease creeps up slowly and asymptomatically, in the initial stages without giving itself away. A doctor can make such a diagnosis simply by listening to the patient.
This disease does not appear on its own, but occurs as a consequence of some other problems in the body. You need to pass tests, undergo an ultrasound examination and confirmdoctor's preliminary diagnosis. But it must be clarified, since there are several types of nephropathy.
Types of nephropathy
The appearance of this disease is influenced by many factors. And depending on this, it is divided into several types:
- Diabetic Nephropathy.
- Dysmetabolic.
- Nephropathy of pregnancy.
- Toxic.
- Metabolic.
- Hereditary.
- Analgesic.
- Paraneoplastic.
- Endemic.
- Gouty.
In any case, the kidney tissue is affected, perhaps even an increase and germination of the connective tissue, as a result - this is a deterioration in the functioning of the kidneys. To learn more about the disease nephropathy, what it is, you can consider its symptoms.
Signs of disease
As mentioned above, this disease is very insidious, since in the initial stages it practically does not manifest itself.
However, over time, the disease makes itself felt. The patient has the following symptoms:
- Edema.
- The pressure is rising.
- Protein appears in the urine.
- General weakness.
- Pain in the lumbar region.
It is worth noting that if blood pressure rises and is very difficult to treat with medication, then this is already one of the signs of the development of nephropathy. The presence of protein in the urine always indicates kidney disease. If we talk about edema, then nephropathy is characterized by morning swelling on the face at the beginning of the disease, and over time it willextend to lower limbs.
For adults, these processes will occur slowly, so they do not react to them immediately. In a child's body, everything happens faster, and the symptoms will be more pronounced. Parents need to be on the lookout.
If these symptoms occur, it is urgent to start examination and treatment. Otherwise, kidney failure may develop.
Exchange Nephropathy
If you ask, dysmetabolic nephropathy - what it is, then any specialist will explain to you that it occurs as a result of a violation of metabolic processes in the body.
Dysmetabolic nephropathy is divided into primary and secondary. Primary implies violations of metabolic processes due to congenital pathologies associated with hereditary diseases. This type of nephropathy proceeds very rapidly, increasing the risk of developing kidney failure and urolithiasis.
Primary dysmetabolic nephropathy is very rare. But if you had kidney disease in your family, you need to be more careful about your he alth. You need to know that there is metabolic nephropathy, what it is and what are the causes of its appearance, as well as the symptoms of the disease. Particular attention should be paid to children's he alth, as these types of nephropathy are more common in children.
Secondary dysmetabolic nephropathy occurs due to metabolic disorderssubstances. Most often, the result is the formation of insoluble s alts and calcium compounds with oxalic acid.
Causes of dysmetabolic nephropathy
Any disease has its own reasons for occurrence, for nephropathy it can be:
- Wrong diet.
- Vitamin B6 deficiency.
- Hereditary pathologies.
- The ratio of calcium and magnesium in the urine is disturbed.
- Poor urinary excretion of citrates.
- The metabolic processes of uric acid are disturbed.
- Infections of the genitourinary system.
- Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.
- Radiation therapy.
Most often, dysmetabolic nephropathy occurs in childhood and adolescence. These children may also have comorbidities such as:
- Overweight.
- Vegetative-vascular dystonia.
- Low blood pressure.
- Prone to allergies.
Having heard the diagnosis of dysmetabolic nephropathy, what it is and how it could have been avoided, we think when the disease process is already in full swing. Of great importance in the treatment will play, in addition to the correct prescription of drugs, diet, increased fluid intake.
The disease nephropathy (what it is) is well known to people with diabetes. They constantly need to control the functioning of their excretory system.
Nephropathy due to problems with the pancreas
Man,people with diabetes are at risk. He constantly has a question: "Diabetic nephropathy - what is it?" In this case, in such patients, the renal vessels are affected, they are sclerotized by dense connective tissues, which increases the risk of renal failure.
For the disease diabetes nephropathy - is like a complication of this serious illness. And it will develop within 15-20 years without being noticeable to you. Let's look at the stages of development of this disease in diabetics.
- Asymptomatic. The disease does not show signs, and there are already noticeable changes in urine tests.
- Initial changes. The patient has no complaints yet, but there are already significant deviations from the norm in the analyzes. There is a thickening of the walls of the renal vessels, the expansion of the intercellular space.
- Pre-nephrotic stage. Blood pressure rises periodically. Urinalysis with increased glomerular filtration rate.
- Nephrotic stage. Arterial pressure is increased, edemas appear more and more often. Analyzes show anemia, elevated ESR, red blood cells, urea and creatinine are often elevated. Protein appears in the urine.
- Nephrosclerosis. Increased blood pressure. Edema practically does not subside. There may be blood in the urine. Creatinine and urea rise sharply, and the filtration rate is reduced. A large amount of protein and red blood cells in the urine. Insulin cannot be excreted by the kidneys.
Properly prescribed treatment and adherence to a strict diet will help improvepatient status. If you have diabetes, then you need to know as much as possible about the diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy (what it is) in order to prevent complications of the disease.
Nephropathy of pregnancy
Very often this disease accompanies an interesting period in a woman's life - this is pregnancy. As a rule, signs begin to appear in the second half of the term. If you understand, nephropathy of pregnant women - what it is, then the symptoms of this disease are expressed by arterial hypertension and edema. The woman needs to be examined and observed urgently.
Lowering blood pressure is very dangerous for both mother and baby. If the diagnosis of nephropathy is established, then this may be an indication for delivery. This is considered the most optimal treatment.
Methods of treatment and prevention of nephropathy
If you have been diagnosed with nephropathy, what it is and how to treat it, experienced specialists will tell you. You are required to comply with all regulations. First of all, you need to start by eliminating the causes that caused this disease.
A complete examination is needed for a child's body in order to establish an accurate diagnosis and exclude congenital pathologies.
For diabetics, regular examination and monitoring of test indicators is necessary.
If there is a diagnosis of nephropathy, treatment should not only consist of medications. Much depends on the patient himself.
Here are some suggestions thathelp you stabilize:
- Control your blood pressure.
- Eat right.
- Eat more light food and less animal fats and sugars.
- Stay hydrated.
- Take your vitamins.
- Exercise regularly.
If you follow these recommendations, it is possible not only to prevent the development of nephropathy, but also to significantly improve the general condition of the body.
