Rosacea on the face is a chronic dermatosis of the skin of a non-infectious nature. This pathological process proceeds in stages, and is much more common in people aged 40 and predominantly in women. In men, it appears less often, however, it has more pronounced characteristics.
Often it is provoked by some external and internal factors. A distinctive feature of this disease is that it is always localized on the face. It is characterized by persistent redness, the formation of spider veins and pustular rashes. In advanced forms, rosacea on the face becomes irreversible and becomes an unaesthetic cosmetic defect that gives its owner a lot of unpleasant and uncomfortable moments.
Why does it appear
There are several hypotheses for the appearance of this disease. For a long time, according to one of the popular versions, it was believed that the main culprit in the development of this dermatosis is the Demodex subcutaneous mite, which constantly parasitizes on human skin. However, this theory was refuted when non-acaricid altreatments for rosacea on the face. However, it has been scientifically proven that the presence of a tick parasite on the skin creates a favorable environment for the development of skin pathology.
Another version of the appearance of a cosmetic defect is a hereditary predisposition. The probable cause of this pathology can be endocrine and immune diseases.
According to many doctors, the appearance of the disease may be associated with the patient's gastronomic preferences. Regular consumption of alcoholic beverages, the presence of spicy, smoked and pickled dishes on the menu, an unbalanced diet and snacks “on the run” can also be the main cause of rosacea on the face.
Climatic features of the patient's region of residence affect the condition of the subcutaneous vessels. As a result of hypothermia or excessive exposure to the sun, spider veins appear on the face, which over time can lead to the formation of unaesthetic dermatosis.
According to one hypothesis, the appearance of rosacea is associated with the presence of Helicobacter pylori bacteria in the digestive system. It is this microorganism that is responsible for the development of gastritis and stomach ulcers: in the course of its life, the microbe releases toxins that provoke the expansion of small vessels.
This disease is rare in childhood, however, to provoke rosacea on the face of a child (however, as well as adults), dermatitis and skin allergies are capable, accompanied by redness, acne, moderate swelling of the skin, itching, a feeling of warmth to the face andsubjective discomfort. However, due to the fact that children's skin is not prone to degenerative changes and coarsening, tissues quickly recover, and the disease disappears.
How it manifests
The symptoms of rosacea on the face are determined by the stage of development of the disease. Medicine distinguishes three main stages in the development of the disease:
- I stage - erythematous-telangiectatic. In the decollete and on the face after drinking alcoholic beverages, hot food, slight hypothermia, red spots appear. They do not go away for a long time, but they do not cause any discomfort.
- II stage - papulo-pustular stage. The development of rosacea is observed, the spots become more pronounced and persistent.
- III stage - pustular-nodular stage. Redness becomes chronic, the pores expand, and the vascular networks clearly shine through. The skin begins to peel off, becomes edematous, thickening and expansion of the sebaceous glands are observed. Acne appears in heaps. In advanced cases, the skin around the nose, cheeks and chin becomes bumpy, with pronounced red seals.
Often, the disease affects the eyes: the skin of the eyelids becomes red and swollen, and the eyes feel pain and tear production increases.
Rosacea and psycho-emotional background
Skin is a unique organ, since it performs not only a physiological, but also a communication role. This is the boundary between the person himself and the space around him. Most often emotionalinstability, resentment, depression or, for example, low self-esteem causes many skin diseases.
Psychosomatics of rosacea on the face can also be hidden in their own complexes, stress and self-doubt. Unfortunately, many patients do not associate the appearance of skin defects with some psycho-emotional causes and the appearance of internal disharmony. However, very often the course and development of the disease can be corrected with the help of relaxing techniques and various methods of emotional relaxation. This approach can significantly reduce stress levels and lead to emotional stability.
Therefore, one should learn to be aware of any emotional manifestations and pronounce them. You can’t keep any negativity in yourself, otherwise it can manifest itself in the form of various diseases, including in the form of aesthetic skin defects. When diagnosing rosacea, it is desirable to consult a psychotherapist. This will eliminate the psychosomatic causes of the disease.
In severe psycho-emotional failures, the patient is most often prescribed drug psychotherapy: sedatives and antidepressants.
Diagnosis of facial rosacea in adults
Before starting the treatment of this skin pathology, it is necessary to conduct a differential examination in order to exclude other skin diseases. With incorrect diagnosis and inadequate treatment, the disease becomes chronic and irreversible.
Medicated treatment
Treatment of rosacea on the face must beginin the early stages of the development of pathology, since with the appearance of pronounced signs, the desired therapeutic effect may not be obtained. Very often, accurate diagnosis and full-fledged treatment require the participation of a dermatologist, therapist, neurologist, ophthalmologist, endocrinologist and other highly specialized specialists, since the true cause of the development of the disease can be hidden in some internal diseases that do not manifest themselves.
The treatment regimen is determined by the stage of the disease, the age of the patient and the presence of concomitant diseases. The main thing here is to identify the true causes of rosacea on the face.
Unfortunately, modern medical techniques do not guarantee complete elimination of this disease, however, timely treatment improves the appearance of the skin and stops the development of the pathological process.
Drug therapy usually involves both oral and topical use of certain drugs.
Antibacterial therapy
In the treatment of causes of rosacea on the face, antibiotics of the tetracycline group ("Oxytetracycline", "Minocycline" and other drugs), as well as macrolide agents, work well.
Good therapeutic effect shows "Metronidazole", which affects many microorganisms, including subcutaneous mites. In addition, this drug helps to relieve swelling and restore the mucous membranes of the digestive tract.
As compresses, ointments and creams for rosaceaon the face, products containing antibacterial components are widely used, as well as preparations based on azelaic acid, ichthyol and sulfacetamide. In the initial forms of the disease, lotions, gels or talkers, which are made in pharmacies according to doctor's prescriptions, help well. The right combination of topical and oral preparations provides optimal results.
When itching occurs, antihistamines are usually prescribed to reduce discomfort and irritation. With the formation of spider veins, dermatologists recommend the Ascorutin vitamin preparation, which helps strengthen the walls of small and large circulatory systems. And for the normal functioning of the nervous system - sedatives and herbs, or antidepressants (in severe cases).
To relieve the main signs of the disease, topical drugs can be prescribed. The most popular means today are:
- "Skinoren-gel" or "Skin-cap", made on the basis of azelaic acid. These drugs have a good anti-inflammatory and anti-edematous effect. In this case, the ointments dry the affected skin. These local remedies have virtually no contraindications and can be prescribed at any age.
- "Ovante" - a special cream for rosacea. The drug is made from natural ingredients, so it can be used for a long time without harm to he alth. Refers to medical cosmetics for rosacea on the face and shows good results after regular and longapplications.
- Steroid hormonal preparations. They are used in short courses, but at the same time they give a good visual effect, however, for a short time.
Cosmetic treatments
About how to get rid of rosacea on the face, specialists of cosmetology centers and beauty salons know. The treatment of this disease is often supplemented by some physiotherapy techniques:
- Cryotherapy - cold treatment. It is used for all forms and stages of rosacea. The procedure is performed using liquid nitrogen. Thanks to this technique, the appearance of skin defects can be reduced and the appearance improved.
- Electrocoagulation - exposure to electric current. It is considered an effective method in the fight against a skin defect, with which you can remove the manifestations of telangiectasia, papules and pustules. However, if the doctor's recommendations are not followed, small scars may remain on the skin.
- Laser. Under the influence of a heat beam, the diseased vessels and capillary asterisks are destroyed. This method makes it possible to eliminate the manifestations of the disease for a long time and does not harm he althy tissues, like the electrocoagulation method.
- Rotational massage course. The affected areas of the skin are massaged with soft stroking movements twice a day. Similar techniques improve the outflow of lymph, remove puffiness.
In severe cases of symptomatology, accompanied by the appearance of abscesses and fistulas, surgical interventions are possible.
Using "Dimexide"
Good results can be achieved with Dimexide diluted with clean water. To do this, take three parts of the drug and add one part of water to it. Soak a cotton pad with the resulting solution and wipe the face with it until the skin turns red. The procedure is repeated up to five times a day, before going to bed the product is not washed off.
Sometimes with the addition of "Dimexide" they make a cream for rosacea on the face. To do this, 1 teaspoon of the product is mixed with a small amount of baby cream and 1 Aevit capsule. This composition is used in the morning as a cleanser for 7 days, then take a week break and repeat the course again.
Alternative medicine: ways, methods and reviews
Treatment of rosacea on the face with folk remedies involves the use of various masks, ointments, compresses, lotions, herbal decoctions and infusions that have anti-inflammatory, disinfectant and soothing properties. Techniques that are quite widely used at home allow you to get a good result.
Caring procedures are recommended to start with compresses and lotions based on herbs and plant extracts. An indispensable condition for the use of such products is that the best effect is achieved when they are used chilled.
The most popular medicinal collections for the treatment of rosacea on the face are:
- Calendula tincture, which can be purchased at the pharmacy already prepared. To make a soothing compress,it is enough to dilute 50 ml of this product in a glass of cold water, soak a terry cloth with this mixture and squeeze it a little, apply it on the face. In the reviews, people say that this lotion is kept for a long time, sometimes the exposure time can reach 3 hours, but it relieves inflammation and redness quite well.
- Chamomile decoction. Dried grass is poured with boiling water at the rate of 1:15 and brewed for an hour. The infusion is filtered and the same compresses are made as with calendula.
- Tincture of succession. This herb is brewed in boiling water at the rate of 1:30 and also infused for an hour. A compress with a string is kept for no more than 30 minutes.
- According to the reviews, cranberry juice is also effective in the treatment of facial rosacea. With it, make similar compresses. However, during the first use, it is recommended to dilute cranberry juice 1: 3, if there is no allergic reaction, then you can gradually increase its concentration and only then use it in its pure form. The duration of the procedure is no more than 1 hour.
A good cosmetic result can be obtained with the daily use of a kefir compress mask. To do this, moisten a napkin in this fermented milk product and apply it on your face for 10 minutes.
Oatmeal is often used as a treatment mask for facial rosacea in folk medicine. To do this, take 2 tbsp. tablespoons of cereal, pour half a glass of boiling water and insist an hour. The cooled gruel is applied to the face and left for 35-40 minutes. When the flakes dry, they are soaked with a damp cloth.
One morea universal remedy in the fight against rosacea is the use of sulfuric ointment, which can be purchased at any pharmacy. About 1 teaspoon of this remedy is mixed with 3-4 tablespoons of aloe juice. However, it must be remembered here that before squeezing the juice, aloe must be kept for two weeks in the refrigerator. After preparing the healing composition, a small amount must be applied to the affected areas of the face and left for 20-30 minutes, then rinse off with warm water.
Diet
It has long been known that one of the causes of rosacea on the face is malnutrition. However, modern medicine claims that it is thanks to a balanced diet and adherence to special diets that the development of the disease can be prevented.
The menu should include: green apples, beets, cabbage, carrots, potatoes, cucumbers, pumpkins and melons, as they contain a large amount of soluble fiber. This substance helps to remove toxins from the body and has a beneficial effect on the skin. Sprouted wheat grains, wild rice and brewer's yeast are recommended. A diet for rosacea on the face should include whole grains, cereals, vegetable dishes, lean meats, chicken eggs, liver, greens. In addition, you must drink at least 1.5-2 liters of clean drinking water per day, which is involved in all biological processes in the body.
From the diet should be completely eliminated drinks containing caffeine. The fact is that this substance contributes to the production of the hormone cortisol, whichleads to stress and is the main cause of the onset of the disease. Nutrition should be rational and complete, in the daily diet should be present all the substances necessary for the full functioning of the body. Therefore, in order to correctly compose a suitable menu, you must consult a doctor.
With the symptoms of this disease, it is not recommended to use confectionery and any pastries, sweet juices and carbonated drinks. The resulting lack of glucose in the body can be compensated by eating sweet dried fruits.
It is not recommended to eat fatty dairy products, fatty meats and some types of fish for rosacea on the face. Alcoholic beverages and smoking are prohibited.
Disease prevention
Unfortunately, modern medicine does not yet know a guaranteed cure for rosacea forever. Therefore, the main task in the fight against this disease is to reduce the likelihood of developing this defect. In order to prevent the disease, it is recommended:
- keep a proper and balanced diet;
- completely stop drinking alcohol and smoking;
- eliminate caffeinated foods from your diet;
- use good quality cosmetics for skin type;
- constantly use sunscreen and lotions;
- avoid hypothermia and sudden changes in temperature.
Compliance with the basic elements of facial skin care in combination withadequate therapy will give the expected result in the treatment of facial rosacea.
