Eye drops are solutions of various medicinal substances intended for injection into the eyes. For their production, aqueous and oily solutions are used, which are stable, sterile and chemically isotonic. Depending on the active substance, drops are used to treat various diseases and eliminate their symptoms.
Instructions for proper use
Eye drops should not be used while wearing contact lenses, as the active ingredient of the drug may accumulate on the surface of the mucous membrane, resulting in an overdose.
Which eye drops should be checked with a doctor.
The duration of their use depends on the pharmacological properties of the active substance, their type, and for the treatment of which particular pathology or elimination of symptoms they are used. In acute inflammation, drops are administered up to 10 times a day, withchronic pathologies of a non-inflammatory nature - 3 times a day. Any eye drops should be stored in a dark place at a temperature not exceeding 25 degrees, so that they retain their therapeutic effect. After opening the package with drops, they should be used within a month.
If the drug has not been used for a month, then the open vial should be discarded and a new one should be used. This is indicated in the instructions for eye drops from different manufacturers.
They should be buried following the following guidelines:
- wash hands with soap;
- pip the solution into the pipette;
- throw your head back;
- pull the lower eyelid with the index finger;
- release a drop of medicine into the conjunctival sac;
- keep your eyes open for 30 seconds.
The success of the treatment depends on the correct use of eye drops.
Classification
The totality of similar medicines existing on the pharmaceutical market, depending on the scope and type of action, can be divided into the following groups:
- Drops for the treatment of infectious diseases containing antibiotics. These funds are intended for the treatment of eye infections that are caused by various bacteria - Levomycetin, Tobrex, Vigamox, Tsipromed, Gentamicin, Oftaquix, Tsiprolet, Floksal, Normaks, " Maxitrol", "Kolistimitat", "Fucitalmic".
- Drops with antiviral components that are intended for the treatment of viral eye infections - "Aktipol",Trifluridine, Poludan, Oftan-IDU, Berofor.
- Drops with antifungal substances that are intended for the treatment of fungal eye infections - natamycin suspension, Fluconazole, Ketoconazole, Flucitazine, Miconazole and Nystatin.
- Drops with sulfanilamide substances, which are intended for the treatment of viral and bacterial infections based on sodium sulfacyl - "Albucid".
- Eye drops with antiseptics designed to treat any infections - Ophthalmo-Septonex, Avitar, Miramistin.
- Anti-inflammatory drops containing anti-inflammatory nonsteroidal drugs as active ingredients - Naklof, Voltaren ofta, Indocollir. Such medications are often used to stop the inflammatory process in various eye pathologies.
- Drops that contain glucocorticoid hormones as an active substance - Prednisolone, Betamethasone, Dexamethasone, Prenacid. This type of eye drops is used to eliminate severe inflammation of the eyes. It is not recommended to use such drugs for fungal, viral and mycobacterial eye infections.
- Combined eye drops containing both glucocorticoids, NSAIDs, and antibiotics or antiviral substances - Sofradex, Ophthalmoferon, Tobradex.
- Drops with membrane stabilizers - Kromoheksal, Lodoxamide, Lekrolin, Alomid.
- Drops with antihistamines - "Antazolin", "Opatonol", "Allergodil", "Azelastine", "Pheniramine", "Levokabastin", "Histimet".
- Vasoconstrictive drops -"Tetrizoline", "Oxymetazoline", "Nafazolin", "Phenylephrine", "Allergoftal Vizin", "Spersallerg". Such drugs are used only when necessary to eliminate redness of the eyes and relieve swelling.
- What eye drops are created to improve vision? Drugs for the treatment of glaucoma that reduce eye pressure - "Epifrin", "Glaukon", "Oftan-dipivefrin".
- Drops that improve the outflow of intraocular fluid - Pilocarpine, Latanoprost, Travatan, Carbachol, Xalacom, Xalatan, Travoprost.
- Drops that reduce the formation of intraocular fluid - "Clonidine", "Proxofelin", "Timolol", "Betaxolol", "Dorzolamide", "Proxodolol".
- Drops containing neuroprotectors that support the functioning of the optic nerves and reduce their swelling - "Emoxipin", "Erisod".
- Eye drops to improve vision and treat cataracts - Quinax, Taurine, Azapentacene, Oftan-Katahrom, Taufon.
- Local anesthetic drops for pain relief in severe pathologies or during surgical and diagnostic interventions. These include: "Tetracaine", "Oxybuprocaine", "Dikain", "Lidocaine".
- Drops used for diagnostic manipulations that allow you to see the bottom of the eye, dilate the pupil, etc. These include Atropine, Fluorescein, Mydriacil.
- Drops for dry eyes, moisturizing the ocular surface (artificial tear). These drugs include Vidisik, Hilo chest of drawers, Oftagel, Systein Oksial. Drops for dry eyes availableat any pharmacy.
- Drops that stimulate the regeneration of the normal cornea of the eye. Medicines of this group improve nutrition and activate metabolic processes in the cells of the eye. These drugs include: "Etaden", "Emoxipin", "Erisod", "Solcoseryl", "Taufon", "Balarpan".
- Drops for the treatment of hemorrhagic and fibrinoid syndrome - "Collalizin", "Emoxipin", "Gemaza", "Histochrome". Similar syndromes occur with a huge number of different eye diseases, so these drops are used as a complex therapy to eliminate them.
- Drops containing vitamins, microelements, amino acids and other nutrients that allow you to normalize metabolic processes in the eye, reducing the rate of development of cataracts, hyperopia, myopia, retinopathy. Such medicines include Quinax, Catalin, Ophthalm-Katahrom, Taurine, Vitaiodurol, Taufon.
Eye drops for kids
Antibacterials:
- "Sulfacyl sodium" (Albucid).
- Tobrex.
- Levomycetin - 0.25% eye drops
- "Tsiprolet".
- Vitabakt.
"Allergodil" - a drug that allows you to cope with allergic conjunctivitis in children 4 years of age and older. Its action is aimed at blockade of H-1 histamine receptors. The recommended regimen is the use of the drug 1 drop every 3-4 hours. The duration of application is controlled by an ophthalmologist.
"Okumetil" - a combined drug withantiseptic, antiallergic properties. The use of these eye drops for children is allowed from two years of age and older. Buried drop by drop every 3-4 hours.
Drops for tired eyes
In order to eliminate the symptoms of eye fatigue, which manifest themselves in the form of redness, itching, swelling, discomfort in the eyes, etc., you can use the means of "artificial tears" ("Vidisik", "Hilo dresser", "Oftagel"), or vasoconstrictors containing tetrizoline ("Octilia", "Vizin", "VizOptik").
At the same time, experts recommend using vasoconstrictor drugs first, and then using any medication such as artificial tears. In addition, to relieve fatigue in the eyes, you can use Taufon drops, which contain a whole range of various nutrients that improve metabolic and regeneration processes. This drug can be used for quite a long time - up to three months continuously.
The most popular eye drops for improving vision are artificial tears, followed by Taufon and vasoconstrictor medications.
Antiallergic drops
For long-term therapy of allergic reactions and various eye diseases (for example, conjunctivitis), two main types of eye drops are used:
- Drugs containing membrane stabilizers - "Kromoheksal", "Stadaglycine", "Krom-allerg Ifiral", "Kuzikrom", "Kromoglin", "Lekrolin", "Hi-Krom".
- Antihistaminesmedications - "Allergoftal", "Antazolin", "Spersallerg", "Oftofenazole", "Azelastin" and others.
Membrane stabilizers have the strongest therapeutic effect, so they are often used to treat various severe allergic reactions or eye pathologies, as well as in cases where antihistamines are ineffective. The main thing is to follow the instructions for using eye drops.
Medicines for conjunctivitis
Drops that help fight this eye disease are selected depending on the cause of inflammation of the mucous membrane of the eye. If conjunctivitis is bacterial in nature and purulent discharge is present, then eye drops containing antibacterial substances are used - Levomycetin, Tobrex, Vigamox, Gentamicin, etc. If conjunctivitis is of a viral nature, drops with antiviral substances are used - " Aktipol", "Trifluridin", "Poludan", "Berofor". In addition, for any conjunctivitis, you can use drops with sulfanilamide agents - Sulfacyl sodium, Albucid, as well as with antiseptics - Miramistin, Ophthalmo-septonex, Avitar.
In addition to the above treatment, which is usually aimed at eliminating the causes of conjunctivitis, vasoconstrictor, anti-inflammatory drops are used as part of the therapy.
Painkiller drops
This group of medicines is represented by such drugs as "Tetracaine", "Oxybuprocaine", "Lidocaine", "Dicain". They are usedonly if necessary to eliminate pain, when anti-inflammatory drugs could not stop the pain syndrome. At the same time, vasoconstrictors are also used (as first aid drugs when it is necessary to reduce swelling and redness of the eyes).
Anti-inflammatory eye products
These medications are represented by two main groups: drops that contain anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs, and drugs containing glucocorticoid hormones. Drops with hormones can only be used for bacterial conjunctivitis with a pronounced inflammatory process. In other situations, anti-inflammatory drops should be used.
So, what are the most effective eye drops to improve vision?
Ophthalmoferon
This drug has antipruritic, decongestant, antiallergic, antihistamine, antiviral and immunomodulatory effects, so it is used to treat the following eye diseases:
- herpetic and adenovirus keratitis;
- keratoconjunctivitis;
- herpetic uveitis and keratouveitis;
- dry eye syndrome;
- treatment and prevention of complications after laser surgery.
Eye drops reviews
Reviews of patients who used such drops vary depending on the variety of a particular drug. About vasoconstrictor eye drops (for example, VizOptik,"Vizin", "Octilia", "Vizomitin", etc.) reviews are usually positive, since literally immediately after use a favorable effect is visible - unpleasant symptoms disappear in a person, such as swelling, lacrimation, discomfort in the eyes and redness. However, they are used exclusively as a symptomatic therapy for various eye pathologies and only eliminate the symptoms.
Reviews of eye drops for vision (for the treatment of glaucoma and cataracts) are also both positive and negative. It depends on the effect that the drops had on each individual person, and since all situations are individual, it is impossible to predict which drug is suitable for a person. Therefore, specialists prescribe one drug first, and then, if it does not help, another.
Reviews on antiviral, antibacterial and antiseptic drops are mostly positive, as these funds can quickly and effectively cure infectious diseases. Most often, drops of this group are used by parents of children who often have infectious eye pathologies.
Reviews about drops for cataract therapy are also different, since they have a beneficial effect only with prolonged use. This effect is to stop the development of cataracts. The same can be said about drugs that normalize the regeneration of the cornea.
In general, the following eye medicines received positive feedback: artificial tears,"Taufon", "Sofradex", "Tobrex", "Octilia", "Aktipol", "Oftalmoferon". According to consumers, these funds have helped to achieve a good result in the treatment of certain eye pathologies. They act in the shortest possible time and cause almost no side effects.
Negative reviews about eye drops contain information about the use of medications "Vigamox", "Berafor" and some others. These drugs, according to patients, did not give the expected positive result.
