Today we will talk about how the scabies mite manifests itself in humans, we will consider the symptoms and treatment in detail. We will tell you what measures you need to take to get rid of this parasite. We will also consider the types of this disease.
Description
The scabies mite is a parasite. It is the causative agent of diseases such as scabies. In the medical literature, the description of this parasite is found for the first time in the 19th century. However, such an attack began to bother people much earlier. And the first mentions of it are of a more ancient nature. Back then, scientists could only speculate about what causes the disease and how it is transmitted. It was only with the advent of the microscope that it became possible to study this disease. Studies have shown that scabies mite infection occurs through close contact with a person, his belongings and clothing. All family members can get sick at the same time. There is also an opinion that the disease is sexually transmitted, but it is impossible to prove this. Indeed, with intimacy, tactile contact with the patient also occurs.
A lot of time has passed since the description of this disease, new hygiene products have appeared, the standard of living of mankind has become higher, but it has not become less relevant. Even the cleanest people are at risk.
Features
The scabies mite is so small that it can only be seen under a microscope. It has an oval shape. On its front limbs there are claws, there are suckers, and the back ones are covered with bristles, which allows it to move quickly. How long a scabies mite lives depends on its gender and age. The female is larger than the male and reaches 0.5 mm in length. Her life span is thirty days. During this time, she lays 2-3 eggs every day under the stratum corneum of the skin. However, her death may occur earlier if she leaves the owner and is subjected to boiling or freezing. At positive temperatures, she can live on things and clothes for another three days. The life span of the male is very short: after his mission is completed, he dies. Before turning into a tick, its larva goes through several stages from the moment it hatches from the egg. But already as larvae, parasites can move from one person to another.
The peculiarity of this disease is that it may not manifest itself immediately. The incubation period can last one and a half months, provided that the infection occurred after contact with the skin of the larvae. If a female tick gets in, then the symptoms of the disease appear on the same day. Similarly, the repeatedbirth.
The causative agent of the disease is known as the "subcutaneous scabies mite" - this is due to the peculiarity of his lifestyle. After it gets on the skin of a person, the process of fertilization of the female takes place. Then the male dies. And the female begins to gnaw tunnels in the skin in order to lay eggs.
In order to penetrate the skin, she selects the softest parts of the body: groin, buttocks, areas between the fingers, feet, abdomen, chest (for women). In children, this can be the elbow and knee bends, armpits and face. She makes a puncture of the skin and lays eight moves from it in different directions. The maximum length of such a move is three centimeters. In order to facilitate her work, the female secretes a special secret that promotes loosening of the skin, which, in turn, is manifested by severe itching for the patient.
Scabies symptoms
Consider the main signs of the disease, these are:
Skin itching. This feeling will accompany the patient throughout the illness. It can occur a month after infection. In the event of a relapse, the infected person will begin to feel itching on the same day. This symptom is especially acute in the morning and evening hours, when the worm is more active
- White or bluish stripes on the skin, the so-called scabies. Sometimes they may even look swollen.
- Itchy, crusty blisters and dry cracks.
All of the above symptoms are signs of the scabies mite. It is quite difficult for especially clean peopleadmit to others and to themselves that they have such a disease. And they are ready to attribute all the signs of this disease to anything, for example, to a food allergy.
Scabies in a child
Scabies mite in a child can also be found. A feature of this disease in children is that it is much more severe in them than in adults. This mite can infect all areas of the skin, even those covered with hair.
With children under one year, everything is even more serious. Their weak point in scabies is the legs, they swell, crack, become more loose. This disease in children very often coexists with another infection and can take a long time to heal.
Scabies during pregnancy
Absolutely all people without exception are susceptible to tick infection. If a pregnant woman falls ill, you should immediately consult a doctor. When examining a patient, he must necessarily take a scraping. What to do if a scabies mite is found in a person in this case? Treatment in such a delicate situation requires a special approach, since most of the medications are contraindicated for pregnant women. Treatment prescribed by a doctor can be not only outpatient, but also inpatient.
Very often, with scabies, women in position are prescribed an aerosol "Spregal". It does not affect the development of the fetus in any way. It must be applied to the entire body, except for the head. It is best to do this in the evening. As soon as twelvehours, you need to take a shower and thoroughly wash off the remnants of the aerosol with soap.
Types of diseases
Depending on the behavior of the mite, the following types of scabies are distinguished:
- Typical - characterized by itching, dry skin. With this form, there are clearly pronounced scabies and purulent blisters.
- No moves. This species is observed when larvae get on the skin. In this case, a considerable period of time may pass from the moment of infection. The disease appears without moves in the form of itchy blisters.
- Nodular, or "clean" scabies. Accompanied by typical symptoms. But due to the fact that human skin often comes into contact with water, most of the mites are washed away, and the symptoms become less pronounced.
- Norwegian. This type of disease affects people with weakened immune systems, such as drug addicts, people with Down syndrome, HIV-infected people. Ulcers and crusts with accumulation of mites are located throughout the body. At the same time, hair areas are also no exception. The Norwegian type of disease gives a person a real torment.
- Pseudo-scabies, or a disease transmitted from animals. It appears as itching. It is quite easy to recover from the disease. It is enough to stop contact with an infected animal - and everything will pass. After all, an animal tick cannot carry out its vital activity on human skin.
- Complicated is a combination of typical scabies and infection. The places of localization of the tick become wet and red. This type of disease is very painful and is accompanied bybad smell.
Disease diagnosis
In order to tell the patient with certainty that he has scabies, it is necessary to detect a female mite with a microscope.
Then, the needle should be removed from the affected area of the skin. You also need to take a scraping for a scabies mite from the patient.
Principles
Before you begin to treat the disease, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic principles.
- Treatment should be carried out simultaneously for the entire circle of infected people. For example, if several family members suffer from scabies at once, then they should undergo a course of therapy together. Those who have not yet managed to get infected should definitely undergo prophylaxis.
- Treatment must be carried out under the supervision of a doctor, as medications can cause an allergic reaction. It is also necessary to monitor the condition of the skin and the results of therapy.
- It is necessary to apply scabies remedies to all areas of the skin. At the same time, children only need to cover their mouth, nose and eyes, and adults should not handle the head.
- The remedy for scabies mites is applied to the body in the evening with the hands, while the nails should be cut short, because the mites can penetrate under the nail plate. After this procedure, you do not need to wash your hands.
- Itching may increase during treatment. In this case, remedies for itching are contraindicated, since they do not eliminate the cause of the disease, but can only aggravate the situation.
- During the treatment, you do not need to wash and changebed linen.
All those suffering from this disease are tormented by the same question: how to get rid of the scabies mite and how long will the treatment take? In the modern world, a large number of remedies for the disease are known, which we will consider in more detail. But regardless of the method, the therapy process will take at least a week.
Scabies mite in humans. Treatment
In the pharmacy network of any locality you can find a large number of different means to combat this disease.
The most famous of them is sulfur ointment. Despite its pungent odor and side effects of skin irritation, it is very effective. Apply sulfuric ointment from scabies should be for five days before bedtime. At this time, you can not change bed linen and take a shower. Only after five days you need to wash the whole body with soap and boil bed linen. The price is low, so the tool is available to everyone without exception. It costs 20–30 rubles.
Another no less effective remedy is the Spregal aerosol. This drug from a French manufacturer costs about a thousand rubles. One bottle is enough for five days. It is applied to the skin at intervals of twelve hours and is not washed off during the treatment.
In Russia, the drug "Benzyl benzoate" is considered the most popular remedy for this disease (its price varies from 20 to 150 rubles, depending on the type). The cheapest, but less effective ointment is considered. More expensive emulsion and lotion"Benzyl benzoate". The price of this drug is 150 rubles. But treatment with an emulsion or lotion is more effective.
How to act if a scabies mite is found in a person? Treatment can be carried out with Medifox concentrate. It will help get rid of the disease in four days. The concentrate is needed for the preparation of an aqueous emulsion. It is diluted in warm boiled water. For 100 ml of liquid, pour a third of the Medifox bottle. Like other scabies remedies, this solution is applied to the skin once a day. After four days, you must thoroughly wash and wash clothes, as well as boil bed linen.
However, folk remedies for the treatment of the disease are practically not inferior in effectiveness to medical preparations.
Scabies mite in humans. Treatment with traditional medicine
- Bread kvass. If scabies has affected only the skin of the hands and has not yet had time to spread throughout the body, then baths with bread kvass can be used to treat it. They must be done several times a day, while the hands are placed in a container with warmed and s alted kvass for 20 minutes.
- Bay leaf. It must be ground and mixed with sunflower oil in a ratio of 1: 1. The resulting mixture should be rubbed into the skin three times a day. Treatment time takes a couple of days.
- Ointment for scabies based on birch tar. To prepare it, a teaspoon of tar is mixed with one tablespoon of melted lard and grated laundry soap. This product is applied to a dry, thoroughly washedskin. Already on the third day after application, the disease recedes.
- Celandine. What folk remedies will help if a scabies mite is found in a person? Treatment can be carried out using a self-made ointment based on celandine. To do this, a tablespoon of chopped celandine must be mixed with two tablespoons of heavy cream. This mixture should be infused in the refrigerator for twelve hours. After the beneficial properties of the ingredients are well mixed, this composition is applied to the affected areas in the form of a compress.
- Tomato oil. Half a liter of vegetable oil is poured into the pan. After that, a kilogram of chopped tomatoes is added to it, and everything is well fried. Then the tomato must be removed, and the oil cooled and applied to the skin three times a day.
Side effects
It is worth noting that you can use drugs or folk remedies only on the recommendation of a doctor, and in no case should you change the dosage, otherwise there is a high probability of side effects. These include:
- Allergic dermatitis. Frequent application of products to the skin or prolonged use of them can lead to such a problem. Recognizing dermatitis is quite difficult. After all, its symptoms resemble scabies, and it just seems that the remedies used are ineffective. But after changing the ointment or when repeating the course of treatment, the itching begins to be felt even more acutely. The cause of such dermatitis may also be an allergic reaction to the drug. Fordiagnosis of this disease, you must consult a doctor. After the diagnosis is confirmed, allergy pills, calcium supplements or a zinc plate will be prescribed as treatment.
- Nodular scabies. It manifests itself in the form of blisters of a blue hue and is accompanied by severe itching. The reason for its appearance may be the consistent use of several drugs. For its treatment, sulfuric ointment is used together with hydrocortisone. Also, in parallel with this, an antiallergic drug is prescribed.
Tips
After you have cured the disease, you should not relax. After all, the likelihood of re-infection is high. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to boil all things and bedding. Also, all family members who have contact with the patient should visit a dermatologist.
Conclusion
Now you know how to recognize such a nuisance as a scabies mite in humans. Symptoms and treatment of the disease are two very important topics. We reviewed them in detail in the article. We also described the types of disease and side effects that occur in the treatment of scabies.
