Severe he alth problems begin with diseases of a small organ in the neck. Goiter chronic ailments lead to an increase in the thyroid gland. The extreme stage of complications is referred to as a thyrotoxic crisis. With such a complication, the result of clinical symptoms is a fatal outcome in 20% of cases. At the time of acute manifestations of dangerous conditions, the patient needs urgent help and constant monitoring by medical personnel.
Difficulties in the treatment of chronic diseases of the organ
A person has severe choking from excitement, allergic reactions, it becomes difficult to swallow - this may be a thyrotoxic crisis. The urgency of the problem remains to this day: the surgical method of treating the thyroid gland is not suitable. After the removal of the organ, complications occur that require constant drug therapy for the rest of your life.
Not all doctors recommend surgical removal of the thyroid gland, and few specialists are able to perform such an operation. A small organ is part of the body's lymphatic system. If aremove the link from the chain of complex processes, the infection will be able to penetrate freely into the area of the lungs, bronchi, stomach.
A typical manifestation of a complication in a person with a removed thyroid gland is a stomach ulcer. The appointment of pills and other medicines is not able to make up for the lost function of the organ. Patients with chronic diseases are at risk of acquiring a thyrotoxic crisis. With the existing predisposition of the body to swelling of the tissues of the goiter, sick and close people are advised to familiarize themselves with the principles of first aid during clinical conditions.
Ways to acquire complications
Thyrotoxic crisis is the result of various complications in the body:
- Drug influence on thyroid cells.
- Surgical intervention in the neck.
- Allergic flare-ups that often occur in spring and autumn.
- Diseases of the lymphatic system.
- Acute conditions caused by disorders of the central nervous system. Stress leads to such manifestations. Constant stress leads to malfunctions in the body, the thyroid gland increases in size.
- Infection with infections: viruses, parasites.
- Traumatic consequences of the cervical region.
- Often a crisis occurs in women during pregnancy as a result of toxicosis.
- Abrupt withdrawal of treatment with antithyroid drugs designed to inhibit the biosynthesis of thyroid hormones.
Basicthe cause of the crisis is a lack of iodine in the body. An increase in the organ can occur with the active process of the formation of connective tissue. Pathology occurs after a violation of protein metabolism in the human body.
External manifestations in clinical cases
If you begin to feel worse with slight exertion, it may be a thyrotoxic crisis. Symptoms of the disease begin to manifest themselves clearly after taking iodine preparations or thyroid hormones. Let's highlight the main signs, after which you need to urgently be examined by an endocrinologist. If more than three symptoms are detected, then we can assume the presence of a complication - a thyrotoxic crisis.
External manifestations by which you can independently assess the development of the disease:
- Decrease in well-being occurs earlier compared to the previous state of the body.
- Frequently increased heart rate, exceeding 100 beats per minute.
- There is increased excitability, irritation occurs due to every little thing.
- The picture is complemented by an increase in pressure.
- Unreasonable increase in body temperature over 3 degrees.
- Dizziness, nausea, vomiting appear.
- Digestive disorder.
- Slow breathing rate.
Procedure before the ambulance arrives
If there is a thyroid crisis, help should follow immediately. Possible fatal outcome without initial action to facilitate admissionoxygen to the lungs and excluding the blocking of vital metabolic processes. It is advisable to notice the previous points that are sources of deterioration in well-being.
Let's highlight the main measures in case of complications:
- Call emergency assistance.
- Place the patient on his back, put a roller under the neck.
- In a stuffy room it is required to open the windows, which will facilitate the flow of fresh air into the lungs of the patient.
- Before the doctors arrive, you can independently assess the condition: they measure the pulse, pressure, temperature. They fix external conditions: skin moisture, blanching of the face.
- Polling the patient helps to establish the moment of deterioration of he alth. But a person remains conscious during a thyroid crisis.
How can I make the patient feel better on my own?
The acute phase of the disease is accompanied by a breakdown in the functioning of the kidneys. Therefore, it is pointless to give medicines in the form of tablets. The drugs are administered intravenously or intramuscularly as prescribed by a doctor or an experienced specialist. At home, there is rarely such an opportunity, they use their own skills of basic assistance to victims.
Let's highlight the main measures to normalize the state:
- If the body temperature is too high, which is often observed during a crisis, then they resort to cooling the body. This slows down metabolic processes, curbing the harmful effects of hormones. sickplaced in a cool bath. If not, remove all clothing. An alternative option is the following: apply several compresses to different parts of the body. Reduces temperature by wiping with alcohol solutions.
- The person is being monitored until the ambulance arrives. The tongue may sink into the larynx, causing suffocation.
- Helps you drink as much clean liquid as possible to avoid dehydration.
What are the doctors doing?
If a thyroid crisis occurs, emergency care includes the prescription of drugs that reduce the action of thyroid hormones. These substances are actively produced by the thyroid gland when the organ malfunctions. The result of treatment is a decrease in their content in the blood serum.
Diffuse toxic goiter becomes an external manifestation of the disease. Additional information about the state of the body is given by the results of an examination by the ECG method. Deviations are set:
- atrial fibrillation;
- sinus tachycardia;
- violation of intraventricular conduction;
- increased amplitude of the QRS and T waves.
Drugs
Tyrotoxic crisis treatment is necessary for any cause of a critical condition. The following types of medicines are used:
- "Mercazolil" is administered intravenously at a dosage of 100 ml.
- Inject sodium iodide solution.
- Orally give a solution of "Lugol" at the rate of 30 drops per day.
- Good results are noted after the injection of "Kontrykal".
- A dropper is installed from solutions: 5% glucose, sodium chloride, albumin. Add vitamins B1, B2, nicotinamide.
The recovery period with medications is carried out for at least two weeks after critical conditions. Initially, thyreostatic drugs are used, only after more than two days, iodine-containing substances are prescribed.
How to prevent disease?
Carry out preventive measures to exclude the critical state of the body - thyrotoxic crisis. Emergency care, the algorithm of which is clearly spelled out in the instructions for ambulance personnel, will be less painful, and there will be no irreversible consequences. So, treatment is carried out before operations in people with hyperthyroidism. Drugs are selected with antithyroid action, iodine-containing substances are prescribed.
The fight against hyperthyroidism is a measure for the prevention of critical conditions. Doctors noted the prevalence of the disease among women. A crisis in the weaker sex appears 9 times more often than in men. A long-term complication can form at almost any age under the influence of certain factors.
