Rash in the mouth is a fairly common problem faced by many patients, regardless of gender and age. The rash can be an independent disease or manifest itself against the background of other pathologies.
Of course, the appearance of rashes negatively affects the quality of human life, because the pathology is often accompanied by itching, unpleasant burning sensation and even pain. But, in order to get rid of the disease, it is worth understanding its causes. Why do rashes appear on the palate, in the mouth, around the lips? What other symptoms should you look out for? What methods of treatment and prevention does modern medicine offer?
Types and photos of rashes in the mouth
Of course, there are many diseases accompanied by similar symptoms. Rashes of the oral cavity can be different. Their structure, structure, appearance and location are important diagnostic factors.
- Bubbles are small structures, the cavity of which is filled with liquid, serous contents. Often such a rash in the mouth is associated with herpes.
- Pustules are structures filled with muddy contents. Internally, as a result of inflammationprocess, purulent masses are formed. Such rashes can be both superficial and deep.
- Blisters - this rash does not last long (for example, for several hours, sometimes even minutes). Similar lesions of the mucous membrane can be observed against the background of allergies.
- Possible rash in the form of patches (usually reddish in color).
- Nodules are structures that do not have a cavity and are located under the surface layers of the epidermis. Due to the formation and growth of nodules, tissues acquire a bumpy structure.
- Scales - are the result of the process of keratinization of surface tissues.
- Ulcerative rash, as a rule, is the result of damage to pustules, boils.
Rashes around the mouth: causes
Why does a rash appear around the mouth? In fact, the reasons can be varied. However, in most cases, rashes are associated with the activation of a herpes infection. This is a viral disease that is accompanied by the appearance of a blistering rash with liquid, transparent contents. As a rule, rashes form on the delicate skin of the lips, as well as the tissues around the mouth.
Red spots and hives may indicate an allergic reaction. As a rule, such a pathology is also accompanied by severe itching and burning. Almost any product can provoke an allergy.
Why do babies get rashes?
According to statistics, a rasharound the lips and inside the oral cavity is most often seen in children.
The reasons remain the same. For example, rashes in a child are often an allergic reaction - most often such symptoms are caused by the use of dairy products, the untimely introduction of complementary foods, the use of inappropriate milk formula.
Children's body is more susceptible to infections. For example, measles is accompanied by the appearance of small white pimples on the surface of the tongue and cheeks. The appearance of a profuse reddish rash on the palate and the inner surface of the cheeks may indicate the presence of scarlet fever. With diphtheria, thin whitish films form in the tonsils - if you try to remove them, ulcers form in this place, which heal slowly.
Infectious diseases
In addition to childhood infectious diseases, there are other pathologies that affect people regardless of age.
Quite often, rashes in the oral cavity indicate stomatitis. The cause of inflammation of the mucous membrane can be both viruses (including herpes), and bacteria, fungi.
Not to mention candidiasis. Thrush is the result of the activation of fungi of the genus Candida. A white, cheesy plaque forms on the mucous membrane, under which small ulcers form. The disease is much more often diagnosed in children, although adults are not protected from it.
Rashes around the mouth in an adult patient, pimples and sores on the mucous membrane may be the result of progressionsyphilis.
Other causes of rashes
The appearance of a rash is not always associated with infection of the body and allergic reactions. There are a number of other reasons:
- systemic lupus erythematosus (rashes around the mouth in a woman aged 15-35 may indicate a systemic, autoimmune disease; in men, the disease is diagnosed less often);
- immunodeficiency conditions make the body more susceptible to infection, including herpes, stomatitis, candidiasis;
- malignant neoplasms (rash looks like nodules or ulcers).
Associated symptoms
A rash in the mouth is rarely an independent disease. In most cases, the appearance of vesicles or sores on the tissues of the oral cavity is associated with the development of some kind of systemic pathology and infection. Accordingly, patients show other symptoms:
- Often, people notice an increase in body temperature. Fever indicates the presence of an inflammatory process or tissue infection.
- The appearance of rashes is often accompanied by severe itching, burning sensation.
- Soreness, redness, swelling of the mucous membrane are also possible.
- Swollen lymph nodes, along with a rash, often indicate an infectious disease.
- Appearance of rashes in other areas of the skin and mucous membranes.
- Cancers are often accompanied by painless rashes along with unexplained weight loss and general weakness.
Diagnostic measures
A rash in the mouth can sometimes indicate the usual stomatitis or candidiasis. However, sometimes the appearance of a rash is the result of a more dangerous disease. That is why, with such a symptom, doctors conduct a complete diagnosis.
- To begin with, an anamnesis is collected and a general examination of the areas of the rash is carried out. The doctor is also interested in the presence of other symptoms.
- Laboratory tests are an obligatory part of diagnostics. Even a general blood test can give a lot of useful information. For example, an increase in the number of leukocytes or an increase in the erythrocyte sedimentation rate signals inflammation, an infectious disease. Against the background of allergies, an increase in the number of eosinophils is observed.
- Samples of the contents of the rashes themselves are also taken for analysis. For example, if we are talking about a fungal disease, then micelles of pathogenic fungi can be seen under a microscope. The presence of atypical cells in samples sometimes indicates the development of oncological diseases.
- Depending on the results, the doctor may order additional tests, such as an HIV or syphilis test, a complete dermatological examination, etc.
Therapy depending on the cause of the disease
The treatment regimen in this case directly depends on the causes of the rash:
- If the disease is caused by bacterial activity, then patients are prescribed antibiotics (in the form of tablets, injections, ointments or solutions for externalprocessing).
- Fungal diseases, including candidiasis, require antifungal medications such as Fluconazole.
- In the presence of an allergic reaction, it is advisable to take antihistamines, including Tavegil, Suprastin, Diphenhydramine.
- Cytostatic drugs and steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used for autoimmune diseases.
- It should be understood that lesions of the oral mucosa are often associated with disorders of the immune system. That is why patients are recommended general strengthening therapy, including hardening, taking vitamins, rational nutrition, and physical activity.
Prevention measures
Ulcers on the mucous membrane, rashes near the mouth in women and men are, at least, unpleasant phenomena. And sometimes it is much easier to prevent the development of diseases. Prevention rules are simple:
- keep hygiene;
- limit contacts with infectious patients, refuse to share dishes, towels and other household items;
- quit smoking as cigarette smoke damages the lining of the mouth;
- try to prevent mechanical damage to the tissues of the oral cavity (for example, it is worth remembering that the food you eat should not be too hot or hard);
- use condoms during intercourse.
Of course, if rashes appear on the tissues of the oral cavity or near the lips, you should consult a doctor. The sooner willtreatment is started, the easier it will be to cope with the disease.
