For any woman, the period of pregnancy is a unique time full of new discoveries, reverent care and pleasant expectation. During these amazing nine months, a pregnant woman can fully enjoy her special condition, and she does not want anything to interfere with her. But, unfortunately, many have to face some problems. For example, with such a phenomenon as nasal congestion. And it will not necessarily be caused by the influenza virus or SARS.
In medicine, there is such a thing as rhinitis of pregnancy - swelling of the nasal mucosa without other signs of a cold, which goes away on its own after the birth of a child. The fact is that when a large-scale hormonal restructuring occurs in the body of a pregnant woman, which causes swelling of the mucous membranes. Rhinitis is especially pronounced at the end of the first - the beginning of the second trimester and can persist until the very last week of pregnancy. Of course, not everyone develops this disease, but very many. A woman can't breathe freelyand she needs medication. The question immediately arises of how to get rid of rhinitis for a pregnant woman, because many drugs are prohibited for use in such a crucial period.
Doctors conducting pregnancy often prescribe "Sanorin". It is necessary to figure out what kind of drug it is and is Sanorin possible during pregnancy?
"Sanorin" is a drug of the Israeli pharmaceutical company Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. In fact, "Sanorin" is a whole line of drugs. This includes "Sanorin", "Sanorin with eucalyptus oil", "Sanorin-analergin". All of them are united by a common active substance - naphazoline. However, they differ from each other in other components, so each of them has its own list of indications for use.
Description and release form
Produced forms are somewhat different:
- Nasal drops "Sanorin" are a clear, odorless solution.
- "Sanorin with eucalyptus oil" is a homogeneous white emulsion with a bitter cold smell of eucalyptus.
- "Sanorin-analergin" is also a colorless transparent solution.
On the pharmaceutical market, the drug is available in several forms:
- Drops that come in children's (0.05% naphazoline) and adults (0.1% naphazoline).
- Spray with a substance concentration of 0.1%.
- Emulsion with the same concentration as a spray.
The substance is contained in glass vials packaged in cardboard boxes.
Mechanism of action
Naphazoline is an alpha-agonist. By binding to the alpha-adrenergic receptors of the nasal mucosa and stimulating them, naphazoline promotes vasoconstriction, reduces swelling, and reduces the formation of exudate. Thanks to this, nasal breathing is restored after five minutes.
The drug "Sanorin with eucalyptus oil" has additional anti-inflammatory and bactericidal effects. This is due to phantocides (phellandren and aromadendren) that are part of the plant. The fact is that these substances, when interacting with oxygen, form compounds that can destroy microbes and stop the inflammatory process.
The drug "Sanorin-analergin", in addition to naphazoline, has one more active ingredient - antazoline. It is a blocker of histamine receptors, which are present on the nasal mucosa. When these receptors are blocked, the severity of allergic symptoms, swelling and exudate production decrease.
Indications for use
Sanorin with eucalyptus oil has the following indications:
- Acute rhinitis.
- Sinusitis - inflammation of the paranasal cavities.
- Eustachitis is an inflammatory process on the membrane of the middle ear.
- Laryngitis - inflammation of the larynx.
- Also, the drug can beuse when nosebleeds need to be stopped.
The medicine "Sanorin" to the listed indications is added to the use to eliminate swelling of the nasopharyngeal mucosa before various diagnostic or therapeutic interventions.
"Sanorin-analergin" has a different list of indications. It is mainly used to relieve the symptoms of allergic rhinitis and to stop nasal flow in severe rhinorrhea.
Contraindications for use
Contraindications are as follows:
- This drug should not be taken by people with chronic rhinitis.
- It is forbidden to take the drug with high blood pressure, with a rapid heartbeat.
- Diabetes mellitus, thyrotoxicosis - a couple more contraindications.
- You can not use "Sanorin" also for those who use any drugs belonging to the group of monoamine oxidase inhibitors ("Aurorix", "Pyrazidol" and others). In addition, even after the completion of taking these drugs, it is necessary to maintain an interval of two weeks before starting the use of Sanorin.
Unwanted adverse reactions
Any drug can cause the development of various side effects. Despite the fact that Sanorin is applied topically, this also applies to him. Side effects may include:
- Nausea, increased heart ratecontractions, increased pressure in arterial vessels.
- Headache.
- Increased irritability, excitability.
- Allergies may occur in the form of itching and skin rashes.
- In addition, local side effects may develop: redness and swelling of the nasal mucosa.
- With prolonged use, dryness of the walls of the nasopharynx may develop.
Special Instructions
It is worth remembering that, like any other decongenant, "Sanorin" causes the development of tachyphylaxis - a temporary decrease in the effectiveness of the drug. This happens if the patient uses the drug for more than one week. In addition, when used longer than the specified period, there is a risk of developing addiction to the drug, when the vessels of the nasal cavity cannot narrow without the help of the drug. This is especially true for cases of using "Sanorin" during pregnancy.
Method of application and dosage
Before use, shake the bottle slightly. Further action depends on the chosen dosage form:
- If these are nasal drops, you need to tilt your head slightly back and drip 1-3 drops into each nasal passage.
- If it is a nasal spray, do not tilt your head back, do 1-2 sprays in each nostril.
Repeat this action as needed, 2-3 times a day. However, in cases of using "Sanorin" during pregnancy, it is advisable to try to do this as rarely as possible. For example, only at night, and in the daytime to escape in more gentle ways. Also, some doctors advise pregnant women to moisten a cotton swab with the drug and lubricate the nasal mucosa, thereby reducing the likelihood of side effects.
So can pregnant women use these drugs or not?
Instructions for use "Sanorin-analergin" states that this drug should not be used by pregnant women. In the event that a girl is undergoing treatment with a drug and finds out that she is in a position, it is necessary to immediately stop using this drug.
If you carefully study the instructions for use of the other two drugs from this line, you can find that they indicate information about the lack of data on the effect of drug components on the fetus. Manufacturers advise before using "Sanorin" during pregnancy, to correlate the possible risk for the unborn child with the benefits of the therapeutic effect for the pregnant woman.
But what is the decision then?
There is an American organization FDA (Food and Drug Administration). It oversees food and drug administration in the United States of America. According to the conclusion of this organization, the substance naphazoline belongs to category C. In the study of this category in laboratory animals, no detrimental effect on the fetus was revealed. However, it is important to remember that similar studies have not been conducted in humans.
It should be concluded that when treating rhinitis with"Sanorin" during pregnancy of the 1st trimester, as well as 2nd and 3rd, the expected benefit to the mother outweighs the possible risk to the fetus. Despite this, the use of the drug is allowed only when prescribed by a doctor. The fact is that naphazoline causes vasospasm. This happens due to the exciting effect on certain receptors. However, these receptors are located not only in the nasal cavity, but also in other organs, including the placenta. Excitation of placental receptors can lead to disruption of the blood supply to the fetus. Therefore, Sanorin should be used during pregnancy only if absolutely necessary. If it is possible to be patient, it is better not to use this drug. This is especially true for those women who will give birth in the near future, because their gestation period has reached the 3rd trimester. The use of Sanorin during pregnancy can be replaced with more gentle methods of treating rhinitis:
- Nasal irrigations with hypertonic saline solutions.
- To alleviate the condition, you can also do breathing exercises, which will relieve swelling of the mucous membrane.
- To avoid the use of Sanorin drops during pregnancy, it is imperative to ensure that the air in the apartment is sufficiently humidified and does not dry out the mucous membrane of the upper respiratory tract.
- Also, a pregnant woman should avoid contact with strong and pungent odors: tobacco smoke, household chemicals.
- Especially often have to resort to the use of "Sanorin" during pregnancy in the 2nd trimester. Therefore, on thisperiod, it is especially important to follow all of the above recommendations. You also need to remember that dehydration of the body can lead to severe swelling, so it is necessary, especially in the heat, to drink plenty of fluids. Ideally, if it is ordinary drinking water. It is better to stop drinking strong tea, coffee, sugary drinks.
Reviews
Is it acceptable to use the drug during pregnancy? Sanorin's instructions do not give a clear answer to this question. However, many pregnant women are forced to use the drug to alleviate the condition. Some of them have so pronounced symptoms of rhinitis that other methods do not save, and they use "Sanorin" during pregnancy. Reviews are overwhelmingly positive. Women note relief in breathing just a few minutes after using the medicine, calling it a savior in such a difficult situation. Particularly positive are those women who used Sanorin with eucalyptus during pregnancy.
Analogues of Sanorin
The pharmaceutical market has a large selection of nasal drops, the main active ingredient of which is naphazoline. This includes Naphthyzinum, Nafazolin-DF, Nazorin and others.
An analogue of the drug "Sanorin with eucalyptus oil" is "Nazorin with eucalyptus oil".
All of the above drugs have a similar composition, which means the same therapeutic effect,as well as a list of indications and contraindications for use.
The choice of vasoconstrictor drops is huge. In addition to naphazoline preparations, there are also those whose active ingredient is xylometazoline (Xylen, Galazolin, Xymelin, Otrivin, SNUP and many others) and oxymetazoline (Nazivin, Afrin and others). Drugs with these brand names can also help successfully manage nasal congestion. The only difference is in the active substance, which directly affects the speed of onset and the duration of the effect.
So, for example, drugs based on oxymetazoline have the fastest and longest effect, the shortest effect is based on naphazoline. However, none of the drugs listed have evidence of safety in pregnancy.
Terms and conditions of storage
The storage temperature of "Sanorin" should be between 10° and 25°C. Do not store the drug in a place where direct sunlight falls. The shelf life of the drug is four years from the date of manufacture. An open bottle is stored for 4 weeks. After the expiration of the specified periods, the use of the medicine is unacceptable.
Terms of dispensing from pharmacies
The drug is OTC, so it is freely available. When buying it, the pharmacy worker will not ask for a prescription from a doctor.
Israeli drug "Sanorin" is notone drug, and as many as three. One of them - "Sanorin-analergin" - is strictly prohibited for use in pregnant women. The other two - "Sanorin" and "Sanorin with eucalyptus oil" - can be used to eliminate nasal congestion in pregnant women, having previously assessed the ratio of risk to the fetus and benefit to the mother. However, it is worth repeating: if a pregnant woman can suffer, it is better to do this by resorting to other ways to alleviate the condition. This will help to avoid even a minimal threat to the condition of the fetus.
