Primary obesity, or alimentary, is a consequence of the fact that a person either abuses food or moves a little. This also applies to that part of humanity who has a sedentary job. In these circumstances, the fat that enters the body, as well as carbohydrates, are not fully used. Instead, they are deposited in the subcutaneous tissue, located around the organs.
The second cause of this disease may be the consequences of other diseases associated with the endocrine and central nervous system, as well as psychological disorders.
The formation of fat deposits in large quantities in the human body is obesity. At present, this disease is considered an epidemic of a non-infectious nature. The diet of most people is far from balanced, and the food itself does not consist of he althy products. Their diet mainly consists of fats and carbohydrates.
Views
If we talk about alimentary obesity, it should be noted that it is divided into three types, referring to the places where fat deposits are located. The following types are known:
- Android. It is most commonly found in men. Here, fat accumulations are concentrated in the abdomen and armpits. This species also has a subtype - abdominal, which means - fat is located only under the epidermis of the abdomen and surrounds the internal organs.
- Gynoid look. It is more feminine. Fat is deposited in the thighs and lower abdomen.
- Mixed look. In this case, fat deposits are located on all parts of the body.
External causes
Nutritional obesity can occur under the influence of external and internal factors. External causes include:
- Eating a lot of food. Because of this, both adults and children are susceptible to the disease.
- Reflex to eat a lot. It is acquired over time. If a stressful situation arises, then for many people you need to eat something high-calorie to calm down. Some come home from work, relax, watch their favorite shows on TV while eating junk food.
- National tradition. In this case, some people not only change their lifestyle, but also their daily diet, which is not always good for the body.
- Sedentary lifestyle. A lot of people are not very active. After a hard day, people just want to lie down and sleep. In addition, in our time, many still have a sedentary job. Then the activity is reduced to almost zero.
Domestic
Internal causes are:
- Heredity. When someone in the family is prone to thisdisease, future generations will be at risk.
- The rate of fat metabolism, which depends on how adipose tissue is arranged.
- Active functioning of the centers located in the hypothalamus, which are responsible for the state of satiety or hunger.
These are the main causes of obesity.
Degrees
Specialists identified 4 degrees of the disease:
- first stage - body fat is up to 39 percent of a person's normal weight;
- second - up to 49 percent;
- Third - overweight is 99 percent;
- fourth - the most severe form, where excess fat is more than one hundred percent.
Calculate the indicator
Excess weight is calculated without the help of specialists, on their own. This is done like this:
- Two indicators are taken - weight and height.
- Height is converted to meters. Multiply the resulting figure by the same number.
- Weight is divided by the resulting number.
- The result is ready - it remains only to check whether it fits into the weight norms.
Set weights
Overweight has its own generally accepted norms. They differ in the following indicators:
- if the calculated total is from 18.5 to 24.9, then this means that the weight is in order and does not threaten he alth;
- when the result is from 25 to 29, 9 - excess weight is present; especially should be paid attention when the indicator is 27, since the risk of obesityincreasing;
- from 30 to 34, 5 - you should start worrying, this is alimentary obesity of the first degree;
- with a result of 35 to 39, 9, the second degree is observed, it already needs to be treated;
- above 40 - the third degree; in this case, it is difficult for people with their weight, and secondary diseases are added to this;
- a reading over 50 indicates the fourth degree of obesity, it is accompanied by many other serious abnormalities in the body.
At the slightest change in weight, do not hesitate to consult a doctor. He will be able to explain what nutritional obesity is and what its consequences may be.
Comorbidities
Excess weight can contribute to the development of diseases in body systems such as:
- respiratory;
- cardiovascular;
- digestive;
- endocrine.
With a negative effect on the cardiovascular system, the emergence and development can be observed:
- atherosclerosis;
- hypertension;
- myocardial infarction;
- varicose veins.
Fat deposits, which are located in the abdomen, change the position of the diaphragm. And this, in turn, is fraught with a violation of the functioning of the pulmonary system. The elasticity of the lungs is significantly reduced, resulting in the development of pulmonary insufficiency.
Approximately half of obese people have gastritis. Besides,Various diseases of the liver, pancreas and gallbladder are actively developing.
Recommendations
Diets and sports are used in the fight against alimentary obesity. The diet should be developed by a specialist, taking into account the individualities of the body. In addition, you must adhere to these recommendations:
- follow the rules of a he althy diet;
- do not eat in the evening and at night;
- in between meals, make snacks, always light, so as not to put too much stress on the stomach;
- meal portions should be small;
- observe drinking regimen;
- completely abandon harmful products;
- Periodic cleansing of the body using only safe techniques.
Activity and sports
In the fight against obesity, physical activity is indispensable, so forget about a sedentary lifestyle. Exercises are also selected individually for each person. Therapeutic exercises help:
- Lower weight much faster;
- strengthen muscles;
- improve the functioning of the cardiac system;
- reduce the risk of many diseases;
- cheer up.
Exogenous-constitutional obesity. Treatment recommendations
Unlike alimentary, exogenous-constitutional obesity differs not only in its distribution in the body, but also in the duration of development. The fight against him is also a little different. Drug treatment is not used, as it givesonly temporary effect.
In this case, the treatment takes place under the watchful supervision of a nutritionist. Some of the important recommendations in this method are:
- low-calorie diet;
- minimum amount of carbohydrates and fats in the diet;
- mandatory consumption of fresh fruits and vegetables;
- constant intake of doctor-prescribed dietary supplements and vitamins.
Also, do not consume more than 5 grams of s alt per day. It is useful to spend unloading days. Once a week will be enough. In addition, in the fight against obesity, the right psychological attitude is necessary, since diets and physical activity radically change the habits and lifestyle of the patient.
