As a rule, nosebleeds are not an independent disease, but only a sign of many diseases of the nasal cavity and the whole organism. Nosebleeds are most common in people over 50 and children under 10.
Reasons
The causes of nosebleeds are many. The most common is the weakness of the vascular system of the nose. For many, simply blowing your nose or wiping your nose is enough to cause bleeding. Also, this phenomenon is familiar to those people who have high blood pressure. A perfectly he althy person may experience nosebleeds with sudden changes in atmospheric pressure. No less common cause of bleeding is some kind of nose injury.
Factors that provoke bleeding are divided into local and systemic.
Local:
- swelling of the nose;
- taking drugs by inhalation through the nose;
- bruise or injury to the nose (in children as a result of picking a finger in the nose);
- infectious and inflammatory diseases (rhinitis, SARS, etc.);
- dryness of inhaled air;4
- pathology of the vessels of the nose;
- using nasal sprays;
- surgery on the nasal cavity;
- Foreign body in the nose (most common in children).
System:
- cold;
- blood diseases;
-
heavy physical activity;
nosebleeds treatment - overheating or sunstroke;
- liver disease;
- drinking alcohol;
- heart failure;
- negative drug reaction;
- high vascular permeability caused by severe infections or hereditary factors;
- profession associated with sudden changes in barometric pressure;
- Nosebleeds during pregnancy are due to hormonal imbalances.
Nosebleeds usually begin immediately after an injury to the head or nose. In almost all cases, it stops spontaneously. If the bleeding is caused by the above diseases, then it can continue for a significant period of time, which leads to acute (in a single case) and chronic (with recurrent bleeding) anemia.
Nosebleed treatment
If the bleeding is insignificant, then you need to press the wing of the nose against the septum with your finger, while first inserting a ball of bandage into the bleeding nostril (it is advisable not to use cotton, because it is very difficult to remove),soaked in hydrogen peroxide. It is also advisable to apply on the back of the head or bridge of the nose for 4 minutes of cold, then take a break (of the same duration) and repeat the procedure until the bleeding stops completely. But it should be borne in mind that, contrary to all the advice and recommendations of many too “smart” people, it is strictly forbidden to tilt your head back, since all the blood will gradually and unnoticed by the patient drain down the walls of the pharynx.
If all of the above measures do not stop the nosebleeds, and there are symptoms of vomiting with blood or hemoptysis, you should immediately call an ambulance. After all, with such blood loss, the amount of bleeding increases very quickly, and this can already be a threat to human life.
