Neuroses are most often superficial mental disorders that arise due to the impact on the personality of various kinds of psychological trauma. To date, about 3-20% of the world's population has encountered neuroses. Most often, girls suffer from neurosis in adolescence - in about a third of cases.
Due to neurosis, a breakdown in the system of relations occurs, which most of all affects the attitude towards oneself. A teenager may have either too low self-esteem or contradictory. Personal conflicts also play a big role in the development of the problem.
In the case of teenagers, conflicts in the family have an extremely negative effect on psychological he alth. Some children begin to develop neurosis, others suffer from behavioral and impulse disorders.
Because of what the disease develops
There are only two reasons that can provoke the development of neurosis in adolescents. They includedirectly causes of a psychological nature, as well as physiological - a type of nervous system.
The following points can be attributed to the features of the nervous system, due to which neurosis develops in adolescents:
- Teenager is too sensitive or emotional. Such children are very active in responding to a variety of events.
- They cannot defend their interests and feel defenseless.
- Suffer from constant anxiety. Have some fears and a tendency to worry.
- They have a strong impressionability - they can remember some insults or unpleasant situations for a long time.
- Introversion is observed - the child keeps all his experiences, emotional sensations, contradictions in himself.
- Have too high a need for quick self-assertion.
Neuroses in adolescents occur due to a weak nervous system and too high a psycho-emotional load. Causes of a psychological nature most often manifest themselves during a crisis in age. In the case of teenagers, this is between the ages of 12 and 16. In this case, in addition to possible previously received psychological trauma, constant mood swings, hormonal changes, and too frequent depression over nothing begin to make themselves felt.
Symptoms of neurosis in puberty
The main signs of neurosis include the following points in behavior:
- Persistent irritability and mood swings.
- Teenagers become very vulnerable, vulnerable, sensitive. If the child hides all this as an addition, a more serious symptom will appear - introversion.
- Symptoms of neurosis in adolescents in most cases are severely depressed mood and frequent depression.
- Various phobias or fears arise.
- A teenager with a neurosis will often have tantrums, which can manifest themselves in a variety of ways.
Types of neurotic disorder
According to the symptoms of neurosis in children and adolescents, there are several types. Correctly determining the form of this disease, you can prescribe a suitable treatment. Therefore, in case of a neurotic disorder, it is necessary to seek help from a specialist.
Neurasthenia
The disease is manifested by very strong and rapid fatigue. A teenager constantly feels tired, his working capacity decreases, he is very irritable, cannot enjoy his previously favorite activity, feels internal tension, suffers from headaches, frequent dizziness, and sleep problems appear over time. In the presence of neurasthenia, mental stress increases several times, the child cannot concentrate his attention on something specific, associations or memories constantly arise that distract.
There is another type of manifestation of neurasthenia. It manifests itself in the form of severe physical weakness. With any load, exhaustion occurs, muscle pains appear and the teenager does notcan fully relax. The basis of this type of neurosis is considered to be a psychological conflict. There is a contradiction between what the child can actually do and too high demands on himself.
Obsessional neurosis
The disease is characterized by a constant obsessive state. A teenager suddenly has a variety of thoughts, memories, doubts, fears, ideas that are completely unrelated to the events and thoughts that are present at the moment. In this regard, the child perceives them as emotionally unpleasant, but at the same time, the subconscious mind passes them off as their own. In this case, the patient begins to actively fight them. Sometimes a teenager comes up with whole rituals that, in his opinion, help protect himself from, as it were, failures or troubles.
The main psychological factor in this situation can be called, on the one hand, the contradictions between the needs of the child of an internal nature, and on the other hand, conflicts between moral principles.
Hysterical neurosis
Hysterical neurosis can have a variety of symptoms that will differ from each other depending on the situation.
- Psychic symptoms include: fears, loss of memories, manifestations of a hypochondriacal nature.
- Motor: movement and gait disturbances, mutism, paralysis, paresis, seizures, hyperkinesia.
- Sensory: deafness, blindness, hyperesthesia or hypoesthesia.
- Vegetative-somatic: disorders inwork of the heart and respiratory system, sexual disorders, problems with the gastrointestinal tract.
It is rare to find situations where a conflict causes a hysterical fit that occurs directly in the presence of the "offender". During a seizure, a teenager may make movements that resemble convulsions, also cry or scream loudly. Most often, this occurs in personalities of the hysteroid type.
Depressive neurosis
In this case, the teenager wants and does his best to retire. At the same time, depression and depressed mood are constantly present. In this state, a teenager is capable of rash actions.
Neurosis of a hypochondriacal nature
It arises from a strong fear in a teenager of getting sick with any disease. It is imperative to treat neurosis in adolescence comprehensively. It is also important to take into account various factors: the psychological state, the physiological signs of the disease.
Treatment of neurosis in adolescents
It is necessary to treat the disease with the help of the following specialists:
- Neurologist. It will help to cure neurological disorders. If necessary, he will prescribe special sedative drugs, conduct the necessary diagnostics.
- Child and family psychologist. It will help restore the psychological he alth of a teenager and a favorable climate in the family, choose the most suitable model for raising a child in each individual case.
- Psychotherapist for psychotherapyneurosis in adolescents. This doctor treats obsessive-compulsive disorders, can conduct several sessions of hypnosis if necessary. In the treatment of adolescent neurosis, it is the psychotherapist who plays the most important role.
- Other narrow specialists. You may need to consult a psychiatrist or endocrinologist. You can treat neurosis with the help of an acupuncturist, masseur, reflexologist.
If you approach the treatment of teenage neurosis in a complex way, you can completely get rid of all the symptoms present. But you should always remember that the vulnerability of the nervous system is a property that will haunt the child throughout his life. Psychotherapy of neurosis in children and adolescents can effectively get rid of this disease.
Prevention of neurosis
A huge role is played by preventive measures in relation to neuroses at a young age. So that the symptoms and treatment of neurosis in a teenager do not become part of his life, it is necessary to prevent the occurrence of this disease. Parents have an important role to play in this situation. To maximize your child's mental he alth, you should always try to follow these very simple guidelines.
- A teenager should have the most clearly defined daily routine. Thanks to this, it will be possible to stabilize the work of an unbalanced nervous system.
- It is worth carefully monitoring the load on the child. If you have just noticed the first symptoms of a neurological disorder, you should immediately seek medical attention.consultation with a neurologist. He will help you choose a special supportive course of treatment. It is also worth discussing the issue with teachers in order to slightly reduce the daily burden on a teenager.
- Be sure to make sure that the child is involved in a feasible sport or simple exercise. This will quickly relieve psychological stress.
- If your family has psychological problems, then you should not put off a visit to a family psychologist.
- If possible, have the child visit a child psychologist. Also pick up some options to deal with stress. It can be fairy tale, art or game therapy.
- It is advisable to use improvised means of relaxation at home. You can do yoga with teenagers. This will allow you to relax and relieve nervous tension.
As Alexander Zakharov claims in his book, neurosis in children and adolescents is much easier to prevent than to cure later. Of course, there are chances for a full recovery, especially if you turn to specialists for help in time.
