Flux is a fairly common disease, scientifically called periostitis of the jaw. It is classified according to the cause of occurrence, as well as the nature of development and the degree of damage.
It is logical that depending on these factors, therapy also differs. Therefore, there is no unequivocal answer to the question of how flux is treated in dentistry. However, the topic is relevant, so you should pay a little more attention to it and consider the most effective methods of therapy.
Briefly about pathology
First you need to figure out how this disease manifests itself. It is characterized by inflammation of the periosteum of the alveolar arch or body of the jaw.
A disease always occurs as a result of infection through a periodontal pocket or dental cavity. Once in the bone tissue, it locally affects it. As a result, pus is formed, which is notcan go outside, and therefore accumulates under the periosteum. The result is a cavity filled with exudate.
This fluid is composed of anaerobic and aerobic pathogens. As a rule, putrefactive microbes, streptococci, staphylococci, as well as gram-positive and negative rods fill the exudate.
It should also be noted that in rare cases, flux occurs as a result of soft tissue wounds and open fractures of the jaw. Sometimes infection occurs due to the penetration of pathogenic microorganisms from already infected organs through the lymphatic or circulatory systems.
Symptomatics
Before you talk about how flux is treated in dentistry, you need to list the signs that this disease manifests itself.
There are many symptoms, and you can highlight them in the following list:
- Swelling of the upper lip if the upper incisors are affected.
- Swollen lower eyelids, cheekbones and cheeks. This happens if the flux has affected the upper premolars.
- Swelling of the parotid chewing area. It is observed with the defeat of the upper molars.
- Chin and lower lip augmentation. In case the mobile jaw is affected.
- Significant decay of the tooth affected by the infection.
- Painful thickening of the gums. This is called a subperiosteal abscess, as purulent contents accumulate under it.
- Hyperemia of the mucous membrane and soft tissues.
- Fistula (rare).
- Increased to 38 °Ctemperature.
- Fatigue and severe weakness.
- Bad appetite.
- Sleep problems.
- Swollen lymph nodes.
- Headache.
- Chills and other symptoms of general intoxication.
- Pains of a diffuse or local nature, which often radiate to the forehead, ears, neck, back of the head and ears.
- Difficulties experienced in speaking and chewing food.
It is highly recommended to be interested in how the flux is treated in dentistry, directly from the doctor. Periostitis is a serious disease, ignoring which leads to serious consequences.
A neglected pathology is fraught with purulent lesions of the facial bones (osteomyelitis), inflammation of the subcutaneous tissue (periomaxillary phlegmon) and blood poisoning (sepsis).
Operation
Now we can move on to the question of how gum flux is treated in dentistry. The key therapeutic measure for periostitis is surgery, the purpose of which is to open the abscess. If the disease is diagnosed at the initial stage, then the tooth cavity can be opened and then the decay removed, thereby creating the most favorable conditions for the outflow of exudate.
How is flux treated in dentistry at advanced stages? Only with the removal of an infected tooth. If acute purulent periostitis is diagnosed, then surgical intervention is prescribed immediately. The doctor opens the abscess, cutting the gum, and then removes the contents. This is an emergency, but the most effective and safe measure.
How is flux removed in dentistry? UsuallyThe operation is carried out on an outpatient basis. In rare cases, in a hospital. The patient must be given local anesthesia (infiltration or conduction). Rarely, general anesthesia is indicated.
After stopping the acute process, an X-ray is performed, the purpose of which is to find out whether it is possible to save the tooth at all, in order to then cure it with therapeutic methods.
If the state is hopeless, then it is deleted. An open wound must be cleaned of pus, after which a drain is installed - a rubber tube inserted into the oral cavity to remove exudate.
This operation is considered completed. If the periostitis was complex and neglected, then after removing the pus and eliminating the edema, laser, ultrasound therapy or iontophoresis is prescribed. In other cases, when the patient is doing well, restorative treatment with antibacterial drugs is prescribed.
Ampioks
Now we can move on to the consideration of antibiotics used in dentistry for flux. Ampiox is a combined drug that acts simultaneously as ampicillin and oxacillin.
That is, it produces a bactericidal effect that is resistant to acids, against which all the above parasitic microorganisms that cause the disease itself cannot resist.
"Ampioks" quickly stops bacterial processes. But you can take it only from the age of 14: the body must be completely resistant to the treatment.
The product is available as a solution forintramuscular injections and in the form of tablets. The dosage, like the drug itself, is prescribed by the doctor. But the daily maximum dose is 3-6 g. It can be increased by 1.5 times with multiple foci of inflammation on the gums and with especially severe infections.
Be that as it may, the daily dose of Ampiox must be divided into four doses, between each of which the same amount of time must pass. Treatment with the drug usually lasts 5 to 7 days.
Oxamp-Sodium
Continuing to study the antibiotics used in dentistry with flux, this drug should also be noted with attention. "Oxamp-Sodium" is an antibacterial agent of the penicillin series, which also combines the action of oxacillin and ampicillin.
Assigned from the age of 14, but the dosages are different - 0.5-1 g at a time. Depending on the severity of the disease, the maximum daily amount of the drug can be 4 g. The duration of treatment varies from five days to two weeks.
Intramuscular administration of the drug is acceptable. But a certain amount of it (from 0.2 to 0.5 g) must be diluted in medical water in an amount of 2 and 5 ml, respectively, and injections should be made with this solution.
Lincomycin
Since we are talking about what means are used in the treatment of flux, the photos of which are truly unpleasant, we must also talk about this substance. "Lincomycin" is an antibiotic belonging to the group of lincosamides. It has a bacteriostatic effect by inhibiting protein synthesis in the microbial cell.
It is usually prescribed when the first symptoms of the disease appear. You need to take the medication two hours before meals. During this time, the active substance is distributed throughout the body.
However, due to the rapid and intensive absorption, the antibiotic is contraindicated in people with problems with the gastrointestinal tract. Even people who do not suffer from such pathologies are advised to take dietary supplements that reliably envelop the stomach and intestinal walls.
As for the dosage, for adults it is 500 mg of the drug 2-3 times a day. If the patient realizes that "Lincomycin" caused him diarrhea, and one cannot do without means that can stop this unpleasant phenomenon, then they should be taken at least 3 hours before or after taking the antibiotic. Because any fixing medication impairs the effectiveness of the antibacterial drug.
Duration of therapy is from 7 to 14 days.
Ecomed and Ecolink
These two semi-natural antibacterial agents are very often used for the treatment of flux in dentistry. They are as safe as possible: their bacteriostatic effect is due to the suppression of protein synthesis of parasitic bacteria as a result of disruption of peptide bonds. And their main active ingredient is the notorious lincomycin.
These funds are available in the form of capsules. Dosage - 500 mg at a time. You need to take the medicine three times a day, two hours before meals. If a mild form of periostitis is diagnosed, then two times is enough.
Despite the safe composition andgentle action, there are contraindications. Drugs are prohibited for people with liver or kidney failure, hypersensitivity to macrolides, as well as pregnant and lactating women.
Cifran
Effective antimicrobial drug that helps in the treatment of flux and tumor. The agent belongs to the group of fluoroquinolones and has a wide spectrum of action. The effect occurs as a result of the suppression of DNA gyrase by the substance and inhibition of the synthesis of bacterial DNA.
"Cifran" is a hard-coated tablet. It is enough to take 0.25 g of the active ingredient twice a day. If the flux is in a neglected state, then the dosage is doubled, but the frequency of administration remains the same. In extreme cases, the doctor may prescribe 0.75 g in the morning and evening. In any case, you need to drink the remedy 2 hours before meals or 60 minutes after it. Therapy lasts up to two weeks.
It is important to note that "Cifran" can provoke allergic reactions, manifested in the form of skin redness, itching and rash. The worst case scenario is anaphylactic shock. Alarming symptoms of poisoning are heart palpitations, low blood pressure, nausea, headaches and tinnitus.
Therefore, in no case should you prescribe any drug for yourself. The agent and method of flux treatment is selected by the doctor, based on the results of the diagnosis and the individual characteristics of the patient.
Cyflox
If you want to know how the flux is treated indentistry on the gum, then you need to remember the name of this drug. Its active ingredient is ciprofloxacin, a broad-spectrum antibacterial agent.
Recommended dosage - 250-500 mg in the morning and evening, preferably 2 hours after a meal. If the lesion is serious, then it can be increased to 750 mg. Treatment with Siflox lasts from 5 to 14 days.
Unfortunately, the drug can cause a number of adverse reactions. These are abdominal pain, vomiting, nausea, fatigue, headache, sleep disturbances and nightmares, skin itching, urticaria, as well as changes in blood composition, arthralgia and even hallucinations.
In case of poor tolerance of the drug, it is recommended to replace Siflox with safer analogues, which include Tarivid and Nolicin.
Ciprohexal
Another effective tool included in the list of antibiotics used for flux in dentistry. "Ciprohexal" is an antibacterial drug from a number of fluoroquinolones that produces a bactericidal effect, inhibiting the activity of DNA gyrase and disrupting the growth and subsequent division of microorganisms.
Also available in tablet form. The dosage, depending on the severity of the condition, varies from 250 to 750 mg. And you need to take the drug twice a day. The course of drug treatment lasts from 10 to 15 days. But if the periostitis is mild, then 5-7 days are enough.
Tsiprohexal is generally well tolerated. But vomiting, diarrhea, nausea, and other intestinal disorders can occur, as well as headache, convulsions, tremors, and fever. Therefore, it is forbidden to take it in the presence of neurological problems.
Mouth Treatments
So, the antibiotics used in dentistry were listed above. Flux is an inflammatory process that cannot be eliminated without them. But antibacterial agents alone are not enough.
To reduce the production of pus and eliminate swelling, doctors usually recommend rinsing the mouth with anti-inflammatory and antiseptic solutions.
Here are the means used for these purposes:
- "Chlorhexidine". An excellent antiseptic that destroys all pathogenic organisms that provoke inflammation. It does not cause allergies, but also promotes the healing of damaged areas. You need to use a solution with a concentration of 0.5%, you can even every 2-3 hours.
- Malavit. A herbal remedy that effectively suppresses the reproduction of parasitic bacteria, as well as relieves pain, inflammation and swelling. Before use, dilute 10 drops of the product in a glass of warm water.
- Rotokan. This is the name of an alcohol infusion made on the basis of calendula, sage and chamomile. This healing collection has a decongestant and antiseptic effect. It is necessary to dilute the solution in a ratio of 1:10 with water (for one glass - 20 ml of the composition). Rinse every few hours.
- "Betadine". It contains iodine, which is considered an excellent antiseptic. The tool not only eliminates inflammation, but also disinfects the wound and promotes the outflow of pus. It must be applied at least 4 times a day.day.
- Hydrogen peroxide. The most famous antiseptic "helper" in all situations. Peroxide instantly "pulls out" pus, killing pathogenic microorganisms and disinfecting the wound. It is recommended to use after surgery and installation of drainage. But you need to dilute the peroxide in equal proportions with distilled water.
Rinsing will help alleviate the symptoms of flux. Treatment and therapy of the disease are necessarily accompanied by this procedure, but it must be done correctly. How exactly?
Rinses are carried out after meals, and then another 2-3 hours you can not eat or drink. The solution must be cool. And before the procedure itself, you need to brush your teeth. By the way, you need to rinse slowly - intensive actions can lead to the opening of the wound left after the extraction of the tooth or the opening of the flux.
Anti-inflammatory drugs
In continuation of the topic concerning the question of how the flux is removed in dentistry, it is necessary to list the preparations of this group. The following medicines are considered the best anti-inflammatory drugs:
- "Nimesil". Produced in the form of tablets. Quickly acts on the focus of inflammation, effectively reducing swelling and eliminating pain. An additional effect is the normalization of body temperature. The non-steroidal drug is an inhibitor of the enzyme cyclooxygenase.
- "Naklofen". This is a derivative of phenylacetic acid, it is available as a solution for injection. Its use helps to quickly eliminate inflammation and pain. But with problems with the gastrointestinal tract and heart "Naklofen"prohibited, just like in chronic rhinitis.
- Ketonal Duo. It has antipyretic, anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. Available in tablets.
- "Diazolin". It is a histamine H1 receptor blocker. It is actively used in the rapid treatment of flux, as it helps to quickly get rid of swelling and pain. "Diazolin" has a weak sedative effect, as well as antipruritic and anti-allergic.
- "Ibufen". A drug with anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic effects. The effect appears less than half an hour after ingestion. The product is available in the form of capsules and suspensions.
- "Diclofenac". One of the most effective and fast-acting drugs. It is a derivative of phenylacetic acid and is widely used in the treatment of flux in dentistry.
Ointments and gels
Drugs produced in such forms perfectly eliminate inflammatory processes and quickly restore damaged tissues. Some additionally relieve pain.
So, the following ointments help to eliminate the symptoms of flux and treat the disease:
- Metrogil Denta. The most famous drug in dentistry. Means combined, antimicrobial, with chlorhexidine and metronidazole in the composition. The ointment quickly anesthetizes and eliminates even the most severe swelling.
- Levomekol. Rescues in cases of severe suppuration, as it has a powerful antibacterial effect. The ointment is also indispensable if there is extensive trauma and damage to the mucosa. Using "Levomekol", you canreally quickly heal the wound and regenerate the top layer.
- "Holisal". This ointment with analgesic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial action is widely used in the treatment of gum flux. A photo of the drug is presented below. This medication should be remembered, since it acts in the literal sense of the word instantly (because it is quickly absorbed). The effect lasts up to 8 hours.
- Asepta. Under this name, a whole series of medications is known: balms, rinses, toothpastes and gels. Here in the latest form of release means "Asepta" and is recommended for flux. The gel helps to fight inflammatory and infectious processes, it not only treats the flux, but also acts as a prophylactic. Paste and rinses can be used at the end of therapy.
- "Stomatofit". This is the name of a complex phytopreparation used for various inflammatory diseases of the oral cavity. It has a gentle effect on the mucous membrane and has no contraindications (except for allergies).
You can also use a mixture of ichthyol and streptocide ointments. Any product is applied carefully, in a thin layer with a cotton swab.
Physiotherapy
What do they do with flux in dentistry, in addition to the above? Medical treatment can be supplemented with physiotherapy. Her methods help to speed up the healing process of all pathological wounds, and in a short time and without complications.
The most popular treatments are UV and heliumneon laser. With their help, regeneration is accelerated at times, and inflammation is eliminated in a matter of days.
Electrophoresis is usually used in conjunction with various drugs, but this is already as needed. As a rule, analgesics are used that effectively eliminate pain. And for the splitting of purulent exudate and its subsequent removal, enzymes are used. If it is necessary to restore bone tissue, electrophoresis with calcium is used.
By the way, very often, on the next day after the operation, UVI and UHF therapy are prescribed in order to directly affect the mucous membrane in the affected area.
But since we are talking about the symptoms, causes and treatment of flux, it should be noted that physiotherapy is not for everyone. People with low blood pressure and problems with the endocrine system, it is prohibited, as well as pregnant women.
In addition to the above activities, you can do compresses and lotions. They not only have an analgesic effect, but also limit the spread of the inflammatory process, inhibiting the development of pathogenic bacteria. Usually they are made with the addition of dimexide, s alt or soda. What is better to use, and whether it is necessary at all, the doctor will tell.
Care and Prevention
All the main nuances related to the topic under consideration have been described above. Now it is clear what the flux is called in dentistry, as a result of which it is formed, what symptoms indicate its development, as well as what drugs and methods are used in the treatment process.
The last thing you needdraw up a set of recommendations that each patient must adhere to in the course of therapy. So the rules are:
- Rinse your mouth several times a day with an anti-inflammatory balm or antiseptic. After recovery, by the way, it is also recommended.
- Brush your teeth twice a day, otherwise bacteria will continue to spread to he althy teeth and gums.
- After each meal, rinse your mouth with clean water at a comfortable temperature (including tea, coffee, juice).
- Exclude from your diet too hot and cold dishes, as well as spicy, sour, sweet delights. Food should not irritate the mouth either chemically or physically.
- Don't overheat or get cold. This will affect the inflammatory process in the worst possible way.
- It is important to follow the dosage indicated by the doctor. Several antibiotics should not be taken at once, especially if they have one active ingredient.
- For the duration of therapy, you need to completely abandon bad habits, stop drinking and smoking.
And, of course, after recovery, you need to take all possible measures in order to avoid the re-development of periostitis. It is necessary to carefully and regularly care for the teeth and oral cavity, visit the dentist every six months, treat caries in a timely manner and diversify the diet with foods high in calcium and phosphorus.
