Now tick-borne encephalitis can infect residents of almost any region of Russia where ticks are found. The most unsafe areas are East Siberian, West Siberian, Ural and Far East. If we talk about the territories near Moscow, then these are the Yaroslavl and Tver regions. Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is now used not only in dangerous areas, but also in areas that are quite safe. This happens due to the fact that people's attention to this complex disease is increased. Children are shown to be vaccinated against encephalitis, as the drugs are easily tolerated even by people with serious illnesses. Infection with tick-borne encephalitis is also prevented by specific and non-specific types of prevention.
Prevention of encephalitis. How does it manifest?
Non-specific prevention involves the wearing of special suits, the use of repellents. Vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis is a specific preventive measure. It is mandatory to be vaccinated for those who go on vacation or to work in dangerous areas. The period of activity of ticks falls on the spring andsummer time, for this reason, the risk of catching an infection is especially high during warm six months. The incubation period is from ten days to two weeks. Symptoms - chills, severe headache, fever (up to 39 degrees), nausea, vomiting - appear quickly. Muscle pains may appear, the localization of which is the area of the shoulders and neck, the lumbar and thoracic back, arms and legs. There may be redness of the face, and sometimes the whole body. Everyone is at risk, regardless of age or gender, but vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis can prevent the disease. Residents of the city can become infected while visiting forest parks, suburban forests, being in garden plots, as well as while traveling.
Encephalitis vaccination schedule
Studies confirm the safety of current vaccines and their tolerability in people with past illnesses. To date, vaccination is carried out in three stages with a difference of three months. Revaccination is carried out after three years. If the vaccination is urgent, then it must be done a month and a half before arriving in an unfavorable territory. Only in this case can we talk about some kind of guarantee that the percentage of protection will be high. If the vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis for some reason cannot be done in advance, it is necessary to administer human immunoglobulin to the person in need, which begins to work in a day or two, and its effect lasts about a month.
Contraindications
Vaccinations against encephalitis are contraindicated during acute infectious and non-infectious diseases - vaccination is possible only four to five weeks after recovery. You can not be vaccinated during an exacerbation of chronic diseases. Vaccination is also contraindicated in case of allergies to protein foods and drugs, in bronchial asthma, in the presence of systemic connective tissue diseases. Do not repeat the vaccination after a severe reaction to the drug. The vaccine should not be given during pregnancy. Remember that before deciding on such a serious step as vaccination against tick-borne encephalitis, you should consult with your doctor.
