Don't be scared if your doctor has a prescription for cyanocobalamin - it's just a vitamin, popularly known as B12. Like other substances from this group, it takes an active part in the work of the vital systems of the human body, and its deficiency can negatively affect the general well-being of a person. Cyanocobalamin contributes to better tissue regeneration, positively affects the nervous and circulatory system. It has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the liver and regulates blood clotting. Today we will talk about this substance, learn about its indications and contraindications, positive and negative effects, consider possible analogues on the market and patient reviews.
Cyanocobalamin - what is this vitamin?
The name of the drug comes from the only active ingredient in its composition. This drug has a hematopoietic effect on the human body, which stimulates cellular metabolism. It is prescribed for dermatological and neurological diseases, incomplex therapy of diseases of the liver and blood, and can also be recommended for the prevention of the development of certain conditions. Vitamin B12 in combination with other vitamins and minerals helps to strengthen the immune system and improve the appearance in general, as it has a positive effect on the condition of the skin and hair.
Medication form and composition
Cyanocobalamin is available in a single form - a solution for subcutaneous, intravenous, intramuscular and intralumbar administration. There are different dosages, depending on which the color of the liquid can change from pink to deep red. Cyanocobalamin is produced in ampoules packed in contour cells or cardboard trays, which are placed in a cardboard box. Each ampoule contains 1 ml of a solution containing 0.2 or 0.5 mg of cyanocobalamin. Auxiliary components - sodium chloride and water for injection.
Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics
The drug belongs to the pharmacological group of vitamins. Cyanocobalamin, as a rule, enters the liver, where it is metabolized. It is converted into 2 substances: methylcobalamin and 5-deoxyadenosylcobalamin. The first is an active participant in the process of converting homocysteine into methionine and S-adenosylmethionine. The second substance is one of the most important in the process of carrying out the reaction of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism. Thus, a lack of cyanocobalamin in the body can lead to a disruption in the proliferation of rapidly dividing cells of the hematopoietic tissue and epithelium and a failure in the process.formation of the myelin sheath of neurons.
The most common and widely produced chemical compound with vitamin B12 activity is cyanocobalamin. Although this substance is almost 100% artificial. Cyanocobalamin does not occur in living organisms, but when ingested, it is able to condense into any active B12 compound. In other words, cyanocobalamin is a vitamer (or form) of B12.
As for pharmacokinetics, cyanocobalamin, getting into the blood, binds to transcobalamin substances that transport B12 to tissues. Subsequently, it accumulates in the liver and then is consumed by the body on its own through excretion with bile into the intestine, from where it is again absorbed into the blood. The half-life of the substance is 500 days.
Indications for use
Your doctor may prescribe cyanocobalamin for any condition resulting from vitamin B12 deficiency. As a rule, these are chronic anemias (alimentary macrocytic and Addison-Birmer's disease). In addition, the drug is prescribed in the complex therapy of any kind of anemia, such as iron deficiency and posthemorrhagic.
Cyanocobalamin is often included in the complex of drugs prescribed for most neurological and dermatological diseases, liver pathologies. Namely:
- cirrhosis of the liver;
- funicular myelosis;
- chronic hepatitis;
- liver failure;
- polyneuritis;
- hypotrophy;
- sciatica;
- neuralgia;
- diseases of the peripheral nervous system;
- Down's disease;
- dermatosis;
- psoriasis;
- atopic dermatitis;
- CP;
- dermatitis herpetiformis;
- amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;
- acute radiation sickness.
Also, the doctor can prescribe cyanocobalamin in the case when there is a high probability of malabsorption of this substance, for example, with pathologies of the stomach and intestines, as well as for preventive purposes when prescribing baguanides, ascorbic and para-aminosalicylic acid in high dosage.
Contraindications for taking
Cyanocobalamin is absolutely forbidden to take under such conditions:
- erythremia;
- erythrocytosis;
- thromboembolism;
- hypersensitivity to drug components;
- pregnancy and lactation.
Relative contraindications, that is, conditions when the drug should be used with extreme caution and under medical supervision:
- angina;
- prone to blood clots;
- megaloblastic anemia and B12 deficiency due to benign and malignant neoplasms.
Possible negative reactions of the body to cyanocobalamin
The doctor who writes a prescription for cyanocobalamin should warn the patient about the possible occurrence of such adverse reactions of the body:
- headache;
- dizziness;
- tachycardia;
- diarrhea;
- nervous excitement;
- cardialgia;
- allergic reactions.
Sufferingly rare side effects such as anaphylactic shock. In the event of unpleasant phenomena, the patient, if necessary, is given symptomatic treatment. Reception of cyanocobalamin is either canceled completely, or a dosage adjustment is made.
Drug dosage and overdose symptoms
Cyanocobalamin is prescribed after determining the lack of vitamin B12. The doctor must make sure that the body needs this particular substance. Otherwise, there may be an overabundance of the vitamin in the body, which is no less dangerous condition.
During the course of treatment by introducing a solution of cyanocobalamin, regular monitoring of peripheral blood is carried out. The level of content in it of reticulocytes and the concentration of iron is determined. Further therapeutic actions depend on the results obtained.
The dosage and duration of the course of treatment is selected by the doctor individually, depending on the weight and age of the person, his history, as well as the indications for taking cyanocobalamin. Information on the dosage regimen of the drug is provided for informational purposes and cannot be considered accurate. Cyanocobalamin is prescribed only after examination and is used in therapy under medical supervision.
- For the treatment of B12 deficiency - 200 mcg/day.
- To treat most anemias - 500mcg/day. The first week is administered daily, then the introduction of the drug is gradually reduced to 1 injection every 5 days.
- In severe conditions - 30 mcg per injection, followed by an increase in dosage. For example, first 30, then 50, 100, 150 and 200 mcg. The introduction of cyanocobalamin is carried out intralumbally, that is, into the canal of the spinal cord.
- In the treatment of neurological diseases accompanied by pain attacks - 300-400 mcg / day, then 100 mcg.
- In the treatment of cirrhosis of the liver - 70 mcg / day.
- In the treatment of radiation sickness - 80 mcg / day.
- Children with anemia - 100 mcg.
In case of an overdose of cyanocobalamin, the action will be as follows:
- pulmonary edema;
- vascular thrombosis;
- anaphylactic shock;
- heart failure;
- urticaria.
When one of these conditions occurs, symptomatic treatment is prescribed. Overdoses of cyanocobalamin with adequate therapy (with the correct dose selection) have not been identified to date.
Drug interactions
By the way, cyanocobalamin is "not friendly" with many other representatives of B vitamins - thiamine, riboflavin, pyridoxine. Combined use with the first is especially dangerous, since B12 enhances the allergic reaction to thiamine. It is also pharmacologically incompatible with ascorbic acid.
Significantly reduced absorption of cyanocobalamin when taken together with suchsubstances:
- aminoglycosides;
- tetracyclines;
- polymyxin;
- salicylates;
- colchicine;
- antiepileptic drugs;
- potassium preparations.
Cyanocobalamin is not compatible with drugs from the group of coagulants and oral contraceptives. And most antibiotics and antimetabolites "hide" the actual content of cyanocobalamin in the blood during microbiological studies.
Cyanocobalamin: recipe in Latin and other information
Rp: Sol. Cyancobalamini 0.05% - 1 ml
1. t. d. N 10 in ampull.
2. 1 ml IM once every 2 days.
Medicine storage conditions: at a temperature not higher than +25 degrees, avoiding direct sunlight. Should be hidden from children. The drug can be stored for 2 years from the date of manufacture. Excluded use after the date indicated on the package. It is released from pharmacies by prescription. The average cost in Russia is 24 rubles.
Analogues of cyanocobalamin
For some reason it may be necessary to change the drug. There are only a few analogues of cyanocobalamin:
- "Triovit";
- "Neuromin";
- "Medivitan";
- "Neurocobal".
Replacing cyanocobalamin with any of the above drugs can only be prescribed by your doctor. A careful study of the instructions for any of the analogues is required in order to exclude contraindications.
Reviews
As in therapy with any other drug, the main thing when taking cyanocobalamin is the correct dosage, an adequate treatment regimen and the duration of the course. If you follow simple rules, no he alth problems will arise. You can verify this by examining reviews of cyanocobalamin. Although it has a "ridiculous" price, the drug works perfectly. Whatever the indication for use, cyanocobalamin will fulfill its task by 100%, making up for the lack of B12 in the body as quickly as possible. In addition, patients treated with cyanocobalamin report excellent drug tolerance. Course treatment contributes to a significant improvement in the general condition: endurance increases, drowsiness and apathy disappear. Cyanocobalamin also helps to strengthen the immune system, has a positive effect on the hematopoietic system and improves blood circulation.
Those who have already managed to check for themselves what kind of vitamin - cyanocobalamin, know for sure that if the doctor prescribed this drug, one should expect high performance from the selected therapy. In addition, many girls use the contents of ampoules for hair treatment. Masks are prepared with a solution of cyanocobalamin, and it is also rubbed into the roots in its pure form. Here, the reviews are also extremely positive - the curls become stronger, dandruff disappears, shine appears. So, if someone else doubted the effectiveness of the drug, do not worry about it. The main thing is that the therapy is carried out according to the doctor's prescription.
Details about the action of the drug and its capabilities can be found inSee the video above, in which a neurologist shares his knowledge and opinion.
