Missing teeth or defects in the dentition can provoke serious diseases of the digestive system and worsen a person's well-being. But thanks to innovations that have not passed by the field of prosthetics, it is possible to eliminate all aesthetic shortcomings and functional features without any problems, avoiding he alth problems. Depending on the type of defect, modern dentures are removable and non-removable. In which case to choose one or another type depends on the defect.
What problems does prosthetics solve?
Prosthetics of teeth is a partial or complete restoration of their functions. In a more understandable language, lost or severely damaged teeth can be easily replaced with modern dentures, thereby returning a person to normal life.
The main task of prostheses is to return the oral cavity to normal functioning. Lack evena small piece of tooth negatively affects the work of the entire jaw and displaces the entire dentition. This kind of change leads to malocclusion, and this is strongly reflected in the face, making it unattractive.
The absence of even one tooth can provoke a change in diction. Smile defects have a bad effect on a person's self-esteem, which leads to the development of numerous complexes.
To avoid all these inconveniences, it is better to install modern dentures. Thanks to a wide choice, you can choose any type of prosthetics.
Main types of dental prostheses
As already mentioned, modern prosthetics allows you to restore the functionality of the dentition and get rid of discomfort. Today, orthopedics offers the following types of prostheses:
- removable;
- non-removable;
- implant prosthetics.
All types of removable dentures are fixed on the gums using anatomical plates. They are recommended for installation in patients who have lost the entire dentition.
Modern non-removable dentures are used if several units of the dentition are lost.
Implant prosthetics is performed using special pins that are implanted into the bone tissue. Over time, the prosthesis is integrated and fully adapted.
All removable and non-removable dentures have their own types, therefore, in order to accurately determine and make the right choice, it is better to carefully understand their features.
Removable dentures
This design is designed to restore several or all teeth. Basically, this type is chosen by older people. The most modern removable dentures can be installed without turning and special treatment of the surviving teeth. Manufacturers currently offer the following types of removable dentures:
- plastic;
- nylon;
- clasp;
- conditionally removable.
Acrylic plastics are used for prosthetics. Its design is a curved plate with dental models securely fixed on it. This option is currently the most popular and in demand. Among the advantages, one can highlight the ease of installation and easy maintenance. But there are also disadvantages - this is an allergy to the components that make up the plate.
Nylon options are very similar to acrylic, differ only in design features: the prosthesis can be left in the mouth overnight. Disadvantages include:
- high cost;
- probability to injure gums;
- possibility of structure deformation during chewing.
Clasp differ from the two previous types in that they are attached with a connecting arc. They are recommended to be used only in patients who have lost most of the teeth in the lower or upper row. This type of dentures is expensive.
A conditionally removable design is used in cases where it is necessary to replace one of the teeth, it is fixedShe's on adjacent teeth. The main differences of this design are:
- maximum stability;
- long service life;
- short adaptation period.
Modernly removable dentures are fixed on suction cups. The advantages of this design can be considered self-adjustment of the prosthesis: quick removal and installation. They are attached to the protrusions of the jaw and are securely held in the oral cavity.
Characteristics of removable dentures
Specialists today offer a wide selection of modern dentures, but which type should the patient choose? It is difficult to immediately find an answer to this question, so it is better to carefully understand everything. Removable structures are especially popular, which are recommended for installation by people who have lost most of their teeth. First of all, you should choose the type of material - plastic or acrylic. It's easy to choose, it all depends on the comfort of use:
acrylic is not flexible, breaks easily, but retains its original shape for a long time;
- as for hygiene, in this case it is better to stay on nylon, because it does not absorb odors and does not provoke inflammation;
- if you look from the aesthetic side, then acrylic is better, nylon prostheses are easier to notice;
- as for hypoallergenicity, nylon is better, acrylic can provoke severe allergies;
- acrylic has an order of magnitude lower cost.
All kinds of removable structures are differentone feature is the presence of a gingival base made of plastic. It is a pink plate on which teeth are attached. In some cases, the design may be supplemented:
- metal frame;
- crocheted;
- locks.
To ensure maximum adhesion of the plastic base, special gels are used. If there are teeth in the oral cavity, then dentures can be fixed to them.
Fixed views
These types of prostheses are used in cases where the dental tissue is severely damaged or the teeth have been destroyed by caries. They are made of ceramic, cermet or metal. Today, the following species are especially common:
- crowns;
- bridges;
- veneers;
- implants.
Each of the types is selected individually for each of the patients, depending on what problem is to be solved.
To make the best choice, it is better to dwell in more detail on the materials from which dentures are made.
Materials for making prostheses
Modern denture materials need to be resistant to food and saliva. It is also good if they are combined with the tissues of the oral cavity. The material must have hypoallergenic properties and other characteristics that are inherent in natural teeth.
The appearance of the prostheses should be similar to the patient's teeth so that they cannot be seen by strangers. As already mentioned, removable dentures are made of ceramics, cermets andmetal, and non-removable ones are also plastic, metal-plastic. In addition, modern methods of restoring the roots of teeth with dentures help to fully normalize the functionality of the dentition.
The doctor should select the material after he has conducted a thorough examination of the patient and finds out all his features.
Advantages and disadvantages of dentures
Each type of prosthesis has its pros and cons. Before choosing a particular type, you need to take into account all the advantages and disadvantages.
Removable modern dentures are popular, and all because with their help you can regain lost teeth. This type of prosthetics has the following advantages:
- secure fixation;
- installation uses quality equipment;
- comfortable during operation;
- high aesthetics;
- simple care, similar to taking care of your own teeth.
Among the cons are:
- installation complexity;
- not suitable for people who have lost most of their teeth.
Removable modern dentures for the upper jaw and lower jaw have the following advantages:
- attractiveness;
- Affordable price, allowing them to be installed by a large number of patients;
- 100% versatility.
Among the cons are the following:
- poor mouth fit;
- discomfort while wearing;
- prevent patients from eating too hard food;
- wear out quickly.
Which of the types to choose, the patient decides, after weighing all the pros and cons.
How are dentures fixed?
What kind of modern removable dentures without a sky or with a sky have not been invented by dentists. Models are available with suction cups, locks, hooks and other latches. The choice depends on how many natural teeth are left in the patient's mouth, for which the structure can be hooked.
The full denture is the well-known false jaw of the elderly, which often floats in a glass of water and is fixed in the sky. To keep it in place more reliably, gel materials have been most often used lately.
Modern models have changed a lot, now they no longer fall out of the mouth, like 15 years ago. In addition, there are a lot of creams and gels that help fix them securely.
Now they actively use models without a sky with various fixation methods, because they create minimal discomfort.
To replace one tooth, a "butterfly" is suitable, which is fixed with a hook on adjacent teeth. Modern dentures for the lower jaw of this type will only replace one to three teeth.
After the prosthesis, the doctor will tell the patient how to properly wear the prosthesis and what is the best way to fix it so that it does not fall out while eating and talking.
How to quickly adapt after the procedure?
Mostmodern dentures do not take much time to get used to. But still, in order to get used to them faster, you need to pay attention to such nuances:
- material used to make them;
- correct and accurate fit;
- fixation method.
For many people, a foreign body in the mouth can cause discomfort, even a gag reflex. That is why suction cups are not suitable for all patients.
What should I do to get used to it faster? Experts give some of their recommendations:
- If the prosthesis is removable with the sky, then it is better to leave it overnight. Reflexes produced in an unconscious state, that is, during a night's sleep, will help you quickly get used to a foreign body in your mouth.
- Rinse your mouth often with water, preferably with warm water.
- Practice more often to talk and chew hard food with a prosthesis in your mouth.
The main thing to remember: if after the specified time the discomfort does not pass and addiction does not occur, then it is better to seek help, perhaps the fit is not quite perfect. In this case, additional adjustment is required and only a specialist can perform it.
Reviews of doctors and patients
Almost every person after 40 years of age is faced with the problem of tooth loss. In this case, modern methods of prosthetics will come to the rescue, which will help restore the ability of a person to eat well and smile from the top of his head. No one can accurately answer the question of which prostheses are better,after all, each person has their own individual characteristics, so one is comfortable in removable acrylic crowns, while the other is suitable for non-removable metal crowns.
But we can definitely say that modern prosthetics has gone far ahead and offers a lot of unique prostheses that are ready to completely replace teeth and give a person comfort. Each person should choose prostheses for himself, but only after a thorough examination and consultation with a specialist.
Conclusion
Restoration of the dentition is an important component of maintaining the overall he alth of the body. A full row will help to chew food with high quality, will not allow diction to change. If it is not restored, the teeth will eventually shift and tilt, which will lead to an increase in the load on other teeth, and very soon they will also fall out.
Don't be afraid of prosthetics. Modern techniques allow you to quickly and painlessly install any type of prosthesis. Their material is ergonomic and close to the color and shape of natural teeth. Modern dentures are the key to good he alth and a beautiful smile.
