What is oncology? This term denotes the field of medicine, which is fighting formations in the human body. It is about her that will be discussed in this article. We will tell you more about the deadly disease and its manifestations.
What do oncologists do?
Specialists in this field of medicine are developing new methods for detecting the presence of cancer cells in the organs and tissues of the human body, diagnosing the disease, fighting malignant neoplasms and monitoring the course of the patient's illness. What is oncology, tumor? This is a significant increase in tissues with a changed structure of the cell structure.
Cancer, oncology. Types of tumors
Tumors are divided into two categories:
- benign;
- malignant.
In the first case, the growth occurs slowly, painlessly and absolutely harmless to human he alth, in the second case, there is rapid growth and the absence of its own shell of education, which leads to damage to nearby tissues and organs. Altered (cancer) cells can travel through the body through the blood, thereby infecting othersorgans. They spread foci throughout the body. The tumor can grow into lymph nodes, blood vessels and form metastases, the presence of which significantly reduces the likelihood of getting rid of the disease.
Malignant neoplasms are also divided into two groups:
- cancer;
- sarcoma.
Cancer is a tumor formed by epithelial tissues covering almost all organs of the human body. An infected cell with a modified structure leads to a neoplasm. Why do mutations occur in the structure? There are several versions:
- Radiation, ultraviolet.
- Carcinogens.
- Viruses.
- Heredity.
Sarcoma is a tumor formed by connective tissue. It can affect any organ (including bones, muscles, nerve tissue, and so on).
Oncology. Stages
The disease progresses quite quickly, but initially it is quite difficult to determine its presence. Even on the basis of analyzes and other procedures. Depending on the type of tumor (more precisely, the organ or tissue on which it is located), its development can be conditionally divided into stages. The fourth is considered the most severe form of the disease and more than 90% of patients with it die. At this stage, the tumor reaches its maximum size and grows into other tissues and organs, forming metastases.
What is oncology? Sentence or can she be cured?
Medicine today has made good progress in the field of oncology, but stillThere is no cure for cancer cells in the body. Depending on the severity of the disease and the degree of infection, various types of treatment and combinations of them can be used:
- chemotherapy;
- radiotherapy;
- surgery;
- antibiotics;
- hormonal drugs;
- antibodies;
- specialized vaccines, etc.
In this article, we talked about what oncology is and highlighted the main provisions relating to it. Be he althy! And get regular medical checkups.
