Dysentery is a disease that occurs in children and adults. It causes a lot of problems for the sick. For prevention, a special vaccination against dysentery is given. It is about her that will be discussed further. How effective is vaccination? What features of the process should everyone know about? Are there any effects or side effects of the dysentery vaccination? It's not that hard to figure it all out.
Description of the disease
What is dysentery? As already mentioned, this disease causes many problems. It is infectious. In other words, dysentery is an acute infectious disease.
It is transmitted by the fecal-oral route. For example, through water or food. The disease is treated mainly on an outpatient basis. The patient has various intestinal disorders, as well as general weakness in the body.
To protect a person from the disease, he is vaccinated against dysentery. It is not currently included in the list of national vaccination schedules for children and adults. But you need to know about such a vaccination.
Composition and release
The study vaccine is presented assolution. It is in this form (and only in it) that a means for vaccinating citizens against dysentery is produced. Sold in small ampoules.
The vaccine consists of a liposaccharide derived from a pathogen called Shigella Sonne. Further, the component passes through the purification by enzymatic and physico-chemical methods.
Keep the solution in a cool and dark place. Dysentery vaccination is given both intramuscularly and subcutaneously.
How often to do
Some people wonder how often to get vaccinated against the disease being studied. In fact, there are no clear guidelines on this. Based on the fact that the vaccination is not included in the national vaccination calendar, vaccination is carried out either at the request of a person or during outbreaks of infection.
According to its action, the vaccine begins to work in a few weeks. It allows you to produce antibodies to Shigella Sonne. Accordingly, a person will not get sick with dysentery.
Immunity to disease is not eternal. It only lasts for 12 months. Then you will have to either re-vaccinate, or completely forget about such vaccination.
Accordingly, in order to prevent the disease, you can be vaccinated against dysentery once a year. So it will turn out all the time to maintain immunity to the causative agent of intestinal infection.
Indications
When is the dysentery vaccine given? There are a number of recommendations in this regard. Not everyone needs to be vaccinated.
Vaccination against dysentery recommended:
- people who travel to high incidence areas;
- children going to camps;
- food service workers;
- persons employed in the field of communal improvement;
- employees of infectious diseases hospitals and hospitals.
In addition, indications can include an outbreak of a disease or the presence of an epidemic. As already mentioned, the dysentery vaccine is not included in the Russian national vaccination calendar. And therefore it is not necessary to do it at all.
About contraindications
But the process has specific contraindications. And they must be observed in order to avoid the negative impact of vaccination on the human body. Everyone should remember this.
Today, the dysentery vaccine has the following contraindications:
- Infancy. Babies should not be given the study vaccine. It is only allowed for children over 3 years old.
- Pregnancy. This also often includes the period of breastfeeding.
- Recent illness. It is recommended to wait a month from the moment of recovery - only then get vaccinated.
- Presence and exacerbation of chronic diseases.
- Prone to allergic reactions. Allergy sufferers are not recommended to be vaccinated against dysentery. Hypersensitivity can also be attributed to contraindications.
There are no more significant bans. Usuallychildren and immunocompromised adults are not vaccinated against dysentery. The presence of a general malaise in the body is another ban on vaccination.
Consequences
What are the consequences of dysentery vaccination? Everyone needs to know about this too.
In fact, there are no serious consequences of vaccination. The dysentery vaccine is considered as safe as most of these substances. However, any medical intervention is always associated with certain risks. And they are important to take into account.
Vaccination against dysentery has the following consequences:
- dizziness;
- migraines;
- nausea;
- local reactions (e.g. pain at the injection site);
- temperature increase.
In some cases, you may experience hyperthermia. But this is a very rare manifestation of vaccination against dysentery. Therefore, you can not be afraid of him.
The bulk of side effects appear on the first day after vaccination. It is recommended to consult a doctor for general recommendations on the elimination of certain ailments caused by an injection. You do not need to self-medicate.
Where do they make
Where to go to get the appropriate vaccine? Where to get dysentery vaccination in Russia?
Today, you can use a similar service in infectious diseases hospitals, dispensaries and hospitals. These are the most common places citizens go to.
You can also go (both an adult and a child) to a private clinic. Most of these institutions have the necessary vaccine. But this information is best specified in a specific private clinic.
Vaccination process
Vaccination against dysentery for children and adults is done according to similar principles. As already mentioned, vaccination involves the subcutaneous injection of a needle into the human body, followed by an injection. Possible intramuscular injection.
Before vaccination, it is necessary to collect an anamnesis and find out the patient's state of he alth. It is recommended that children and adults take a complete blood and urine test to assess the readiness of the body for vaccination as much as possible.
The needle is inserted during vaccination in the upper third of the shoulder. It can be said that dysentery vaccination for adults and children is a "prick in the shoulder." For all ages, the dosage of the drug is the same. It is 0.5 milliliters. This is how much the drug needs to be drawn into the syringe.
To do or not to do
Should I get a study vaccine? Everyone decides for himself. In fact, with proper treatment, dysentery can be eliminated in as little as a week. Only in "neglected" cases such a disease ends badly. In practice, it is not so common in Russia.
It follows that it is not recommended to be vaccinated once again without special indications. You don't have to deal with these issues on your own either. It is best to ask your doctor or pediatrician for advice. Only he cansay how much dysentery vaccination is necessary in a given case.
Results and conclusions
This article covered basic information about vaccination against dysentery. This disease occurs in both children and adults. No one is safe from him.
Vaccination against dysentery for adults is carried out according to the same principles as for children. The vaccine is practically safe for the human body. It is recommended that you check with your doctor about the need for vaccinations.
The name of the vaccine produced in Russia is Shigellvak. It costs about 2,500 rubles. It is at this cost that you can find a solution for injection in the country's pharmacies.
As already mentioned, the vaccination against dysentery infection is not included in the list of mandatory vaccines. Therefore, it is impossible to speak with certainty about the need for vaccination against dysentery. Only in exceptional cases should a person face an appropriate injection.
