Ischemic stroke is a syndrome associated with acute disturbances in the functions of the brain, which occurs due to impaired blood circulation or thrombosis and embolism associated with diseases of the vessels, blood or heart. In some cases, the outcome can be fatal, but, as a rule, patients have a chance for
rehab. How does this disease occur and what is the treatment for ischemic stroke?
Causes and features of the development of the disease
The main factors that contribute to the development of a stroke are atherosclerosis and arterial hypertension. The risk of a disease also increases due to a deterioration in blood clotting or aggregation of its elements, so diabetes is also among the provoking diseases. No less dangerous for patients are myocardial problems and heart rhythm disorders. The development of ischemic stroke begins with narrowing of the lumen of the main arteries, which impairs collateral circulation. During sleep or during the pathological conditions described above, such a state of the arteries can become a decisive impetus for the disease.
Ischemic stroke symptoms
Diagnosis of the disease is not difficult. First of all, some parts of the brain are affected, stopping the performance of their functions. With ischemic stroke, speech and vision deteriorate,
impaired ability to move and feel. Patients are characterized by awkward, weak movements, usually one side of the body is affected. Swallowing or coordination may be impaired. There are also aphasia - difficulty in the reproduction or understanding of speech, alexia and agraphia - impaired reading and writing. On one half of the body, sensitivity is completely or partially lost, vision in one eye falls or disappears completely. A massive ischemic stroke can lead to complete blindness. Patients also experience persistent dizziness, difficulty performing basic daily activities or navigating in space, and may experience memory impairment.
Treatment and rehabilitation of patients
There are two types of therapy that can treat ischemic stroke. Restoration of body functions is basic or differentiated. In the first case, the treatment supports the basic functions of the body: blood circulation,
breathing, water-electrolyte metabolism. In the second, there is an impact not only on the consequences of a stroke, but also on their root cause. A drug is administered intravenously or intra-arterially to control the condition of the cerebral arteries. With ischemic stroke, it is also important to properly conduct a rehabilitation course. Patients need motor, cognitive and speechactivity, in which case the affected brain neurons restore their functionality. Therefore, rehabilitation should be started as early as possible and carried out systematically for about six months or a year after a stroke. However, even at a later date, the effect of such events is only positive. In addition, with ischemic stroke, it is necessary to take antiplatelet drugs, which have a preventive effect on the body.
