The list of broad spectrum antibiotics is very long and varied. These drugs are active against a large number of gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria and can have either a bactericidal effect, which causes the death of microorganisms, or a bacteriostatic effect, as a result of which their reproduction stops.
A broad-spectrum antibiotic should be used when treatment is needed sooner or when it is not possible to identify the causative agent. It is also worth offering the patient such a treatment option if there are several causative agents of the disease, and it is impossible to postpone the appointment of serious drugs because of the threat to the patient's life or because of the exacerbation of dangerous diseases.
Some of the best known broad-spectrum antibiotics:
- levomycetin;
- neomycin;
- tetracycline;
- streptomycin;
- ampicillin;
- monomycin;
- imipenem;
- rifamycin;
- kanamycin;
- doxycycline.
A narrow antibiotic list is used when the causative bacterium is identified and the patient is accurately diagnosed. The use of such drugs is more justified, since they affect a certain type of bacteria or fungus without reducing immunity and without lowering the level of beneficial bacteria in the human body. However, broad-spectrum antibiotics are widely used in medicine. Their list is divided into penicillins, macrolides, fluoroquinolones and cephalosporins, they are available in the form of injections, tablets or capsules, as well as in other dosage forms.
Cons of broad-spectrum antibiotics
The list of broad-based antibiotics includes drugs that destroy not only pathogenic fungi and bacteria, but also beneficial human microorganisms. The level of intestinal microflora is especially actively reduced, therefore, in order to restore it, it is necessary to prescribe probiotics to the patient.
Some people experience side effects when using antibiotics, such as shortness of breath, headache, nausea, an allergic reaction, and more.
Very often you can hear that you can not take antibiotics and alcohol at the same time. However, few people know why. In fact, taking an antibiotic in itself is already stressful for an organism weakened by an illness, and if you add a dose of alcohol, you can get a severeliver intoxication. Also, alcohol reduces the activity of the antibiotic during treatment, and the recovery process will be delayed for weeks. Cardiovascular activity of the body can be disrupted, which is fraught with increased blood pressure, weakness and shortness of breath.
Penicillin can have a toxic effect on the central nervous system when used in high doses, so you must strictly follow the dosage indicated by your doctor.
The list of new generation antibiotics includes drugs that have improved pharmacological properties and do not have a strong negative effect on the body.
Remember that improper or uncontrolled use of antibiotics can create resistance of bacteria and fungi to this type of treatment. Microorganisms, adapting to the properties of the drug, begin to mutate and acquire resistance to antibacterial effects, which subsequently makes it difficult to cure the patient from infection. You should not prescribe antibiotics for yourself at the slightest cold, as you will only harm your he althy body. Such strong drugs are prescribed for really severe bacterial diseases, such as pneumonia, tonsillitis, sinusitis, etc.
