Quite often, parents are faced with such a problem as enuresis in a child. This is a common disorder that is associated with urinary incontinence (usually at night).
To begin with, it is worth noting that there are several varieties of this disease. For example, persistent incontinence occurs - this is a rare disease that is associated with a violation of the nervous regulation of bladder functions. But more common is nocturnal enuresis, when the baby simply does not wake up during urination. Such a problem can have both physiological and psychological causes.
What is enuresis?
Enuresis is a disorder associated with uncontrolled release of urine. As a rule, up to 3 - 4 years the mechanism of control over urination is fully formed. For some children, this problem remains until the age of 12. Only 1% of people carry this condition into adolescence. It is worth noting that boys suffer from this disorder twice as often as girls.
Enuresis in a child can take two forms:
- primary incontinence - children with this problem never learned to control urination, so they wake up wetregularly;
- Secondary enuresis is observed if, after three years, the child has already woken up at night to go to the toilet, but for one reason or another has lost control of urination.
In the treatment it is very important to determine the cause of incontinence - this is the only way to find the best methods of treatment.
Enuresis in a child: what is the reason?
As already mentioned, urinary incontinence can be associated with both physiological disorders and mental he alth conditions.
- Recent studies have shown that children with enuresis have impaired secretion of the antidiuretic hormone, vasopressin. This substance is secreted by the hypothalamic-pituitary system. It reduces the volume of urine at night. In children with incontinence, the secretion of this hormonal substance is impaired.
- In some cases, the disease may be associated with fetal hypoxia during pregnancy - in such cases, there is a delay in the development of the central nervous system and, accordingly, the centers of regulation of urination.
- The reasons include frequent or chronic diseases of the urinary system.
- Noted that enuresis worsens during inflammatory and infectious diseases, as well as hypothermia.
- However, very often the disease is associated with the mental state of the baby. Any emotional trauma can cause enuresis in a child. This may be, for example, a move, a change of environment (a new kindergarten, school), divorce of parents, loss of homepet, family stress, etc.
How to cure enuresis?
The choice of treatment methods directly depends on the cause of the problem. If incontinence is caused by physiological changes or some diseases, then appropriate medications are prescribed. Some doctors also recommend that you closely monitor the amount of urination, limit the amount of fluid you drink in the evening.
It is much more difficult to cope with the problem if enuresis is caused by the emotional state of the baby. In such cases, it is necessary to gently find out from the child the cause of discontent, discomfort or fear. Sometimes psychotherapy is needed. But always remember that incontinence is a very painful topic for a child, and therefore, in no case should you scold or shame him, since additional psychological stress is unlikely to help treatment.
