Every person who encounters allergies in his life has his own story of its origin. In this case, he can talk about how he suddenly noticed that strange things happen to his immune system when an allergen enters his body. For example, in the United States of America alone, the number of people with hay fever has reached eighteen million. Food allergies are also more common in American children. Allergies are on the rise in many countries.
Allergens
Allergens include plant pollen (especially amaranth, chaff and ragweed pollen), latex, penicillin, gold, jellyfish tentacle burns, insect venom, perfume, papaya peanuts, eggs, pecans, beef, dust mite feces, nickel, salmon.
If any of these substances or others,not included in the list, becomes the cause of allergy, it is possible to manifest it in a whole range of symptoms that are irritating, as well as fatal. The main signs of an allergy are the occurrence of a rash, swelling of the face. Hay fever is characterized by inflammation of the eyes and a runny nose. Food allergies can be accompanied by diarrhea and vomiting. In some people, various types of allergies can cause a potentially fatal reaction in the body, i.e. anaphylactic shock.
Manifestations of these misfortunes in the aggregate are numerous, while the list of therapeutic agents is limited.
If scientists could determine the nature of allergies, then people could have much more effective treatments at their disposal. But due to the interweaving of numerous causes that cause allergic reactions, it is not possible to do this. Cells and chemicals are released, various signals are transmitted. At the moment, scientists have only been able to partially characterize this process.
Medication description
Anti-allergic immunoglobulin in liquid form is an active, from an immunological point of view, protein fraction of immunoglobulin G, or Ig G, which is isolated from donor plasma or from human blood serum, characterized by strong protective activity in the treatment of allergic diseases: conjunctivitis, angioedema, atopic bronchial asthma, hay fever, allergic urticariarecurrent nature, seasonal allergic rhinitis, allergic dermatoses, including also atopic dermatitis.
Reviews on antiallergic immunoglobulin are presented at the end of the article.
Clinical pharmacology
Immunoglobulin is a concentrated solution of a purified fraction of immunoglobulins, which is isolated by fractionation from the blood plasma of he althy donors with ethyl alcohol. The fraction of immunoglobulins occupies at least 97% of the total protein.
The preparation does not contain hepatitis B surface antigen, antibodies to human immunodeficiency virus, i.e. HIV-1 and HIV-2, as well as to hepatitis C virus and HIV-1 p24 antigen. Plus, it's free of antibiotics and preservatives.
Antiallergic immunoglobulin G has a pronounced antiallergic effect in various diseases.
Release form, composition features and characteristics
The drug is an immunologically active protein fraction that is isolated from donor plasma or human blood serum. Its active component is immunoglobulin G (IgG). In this case, the protein has a concentration of one hundred milligrams per milliliter. The stabilizer is glycine in an amount of up to twenty-two and a half milligrams per milliliter. The ampoules contain one milliliter of liquid (one dose), ten pieces in each package. Outwardly, it is a clear or slightly opalescent liquid, colorless, sometimes withyellowish coloration. It is free of antibiotics and preservatives and is virologically safe.
Description of immunoglobulin G (IgG)
This is the main class of anti-allergic immunoglobulins, which are contained in blood serum, in the amount of 70-75% of the total number of antibodies. There are four subclasses - IgG1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. Each of them has its own individual functions. They mainly support a secondary immune response, their production begins a few days after class M immunoglobulins. It remains in the body for a long period, not allowing you to get sick with a re-infection (for example, chicken pox). Also, this class supports immunity, which is aimed at neutralizing toxic harmful substances of microorganisms. It is characterized by a small size, due to which it can easily pass through the placenta to the fetus during pregnancy, thus protecting it from infections.
How to use human antiallergic immunoglobulin correctly?
Features of admission, course and dosage
Children over five years of age, as well as adults, this drug is prescribed for hay fever with various clinical manifestations, urticaria in recurrent forms, atopic bronchial asthma, allergic dermatosis, Quincke's edema. This drug is injected intramuscularly into the upper outer square of the buttock muscle, as well as into the anterolateral femoral region, two milliliters, that is, twodoses. The course of injections of anti-allergic immunoglobulin includes five injections with an interval between them of four days.
At the age of children from one to five years old, if they suffer from mild atopic dermatitis, dermo-respiratory syndrome (the duration of the disease should not be more than a year), one milliliter of the drug is administered (that is, one dose) intramuscularly into the femoral anterior region, five times, the interval between them is also four days. With hay fever, atopic bronchial asthma, atopic dermatitis and the average form of dermorerespiratory syndrome, as well as with the prescription of the disease for more than one year, two milliliters of the drug are administered in the same scheme.
The therapeutic course of human anti-allergic immunoglobulin is repeated after four to five months. Patients with hay fever should be treated once a year, one or two months before the next seasonal exacerbation.
Before injection, the ampoule with the drug in it must be kept at a temperature of eighteen to twenty-two degrees Celsius. Ampoules should be opened and administered only with scrupulous observance of all aseptic and antiseptic rules.
Given the high viscosity of the drug, and in order to avoid the appearance of foam, it is necessary to collect immunoglobulin in a syringe with a wide lumen needle. A different needle is used for the injection. The drug can not be stored in an opened ampoule. He alsocannot be used if the marking and integrity of the ampoules are violated, if the physical properties have changed (color, indestructible flakes, cloudiness of the solution), as well as in case of violation of temperature storage conditions. This confirms the antiallergic immunoglobulin instruction.
Contraindications
Contraindications to the use of the drug are:
- hypersensitivity;
- mark in the history of the manifestation of allergic reactions to the introduction of blood products;
- under one year of age.
Side effects
Most often, antiallergic immunoglobulin is well tolerated by patients. During treatment, some patients may feel a not too strong and short exacerbation of the underlying disease. Less commonly, during the first day after the use of the drug, the development of local reactions (hyperemia), as well as an increase in temperature up to thirty-seven degrees, may be noted, which is not a reason to stop its administration.
If there is an exacerbation of the main disease, general reactions of a pronounced nature (for example, weakness, dizziness, nausea, lowering blood pressure), then treatment with this drug should be stopped. It is also canceled with the development of intercurrent diseases (acute respiratory diseases, influenza).
The patient must be warned that he must inform his treatingdoctor about any adverse reactions that may develop during the therapeutic course.
Price
Antiallergic immunoglobulin costs an average of 2,500 rubles per pack. The price is high, but the drug is effective. Available by prescription.
