X-ray machines are devices used in medicine for diagnostics and therapy, in various industries - to determine the quality of raw materials or the final product, in other areas of human activity - for certain purposes in accordance with the needs of society.
Great invention
The year 1895 was significant in the life of Wilhelm Roentgen. They discovered radiation, which in the future was called x-rays. To conduct experiments, the German scientist invented a special tube with which he studied little-known radiation. To make it possible to use these rays, various devices were invented. This is how the X-ray machine was born.
It began to be used in surgery. Later, photographing the human body, where soft tissues transmit rays, and bones delay, began to be called fluoroscopy. The first x-ray in the history of mankind was a picture of the hand of the wife of the inventor with a wedding ring on her finger. It was truly a great invention.
After some timeX-ray tubes began to be used not only for medical purposes. They have become indispensable in many areas of industry. The scientist was approached with numerous offers to sell the rights to use the invention, but he refused, because he did not consider it profitable. At the beginning of the twentieth century, X-ray tubes became widespread and used throughout the world. Today, scientists from different countries have made numerous discoveries not only in medicine, but also in space and other fields.
Device
X-ray machine consists of:
- From one or more tubes, which are called emitters.
- A power supply device designed to provide electricity and regulate radiation parameters.
- The X-ray unit includes tripods with which you can control it.
- A device that converts x-rays into a visible image, which becomes available for observation.
And now a little more. The device is protected by a thick lead case. The atoms of this metal absorb x-rays well, which ensures the safety of personnel and accurately directs the rays to the object of study through a hole made in the body. Such devices successfully work at airports. With their help, baggage is quickly checked for the presence of metal objects.
Classification
Depending on the operating conditions and design, X-ray machines are:
- Stationary:they equip special X-ray rooms.
- Mobile: they are designed to work in operating rooms and trauma departments, wards, at home.
- Transported to their destination on special vehicles.
- Portable, dental, impulse.
Depending on the purpose, X-ray machines are divided:
- On specialized ones, which, according to the conditions and methods of research, are fluorographic and tomographic.
- General purpose machines.
Depending on the field of application, devices are distinguished:
- Dental.
- For urological research.
- NeuroX-ray diagnostics.
- Angiography.
How do I get a picture?
X-rays, passing through the body, are projected on the film. But they are absorbed by tissues in different ways, it depends on their chemical composition. Most of all, calcium absorbs X-rays, which is part of the bones. Therefore, they will be bright, white in the picture.
Muscles, connective tissues, fluid and fat don't absorb as much light, so they will appear gray in the image. Air absorbs X-rays the least. Therefore, the cavities containing it will be the darkest in the picture. This is how the image is obtained.
What is diagnosed by X-ray?
- Fractures and cracks in the bones.
- Malignant tumors of soft and bone tissues.
- Abnormal development of various organshuman.
- Foreign bodies.
- Multiple diseases of bones and other organs.
- Lung condition under control.
"Arina". X-ray machine
This equipment is widely used in the oil and gas industry not only in our country, but also in neighboring countries. The impulse portable x-ray device "Arina" is unpretentious in work. It is successfully operated both at low temperatures (-40) and at high temperatures (50 degrees above zero). This is a small device, so its weight is small. It is easy to maintain.
Wide beam angle allows for directional and panoramic transillumination. If you use a special power source, the device "Arina" becomes completely autonomous. It includes an X-ray unit and a portable control panel. They are interconnected by a twenty-five meter cable. Digital x-ray machine "Arina" has several varieties. They differ from each other in design:
- "Arina-1" has built-in rechargeable batteries, which makes it much easier to work in the field, and low power. This allows you to work with the device without applying special protective measures.
- The X-ray machine "Arina-3" is equipped with remote batteries, which makes it lighter. The advantages include the possibility of translucence of steel up to 40 mm thick, and the disadvantages - the lack of protectionfrom overheating.
- "Arina-7" is the most popular impulse device in our country. It is able to see through steel up to 80 mm thick and has an increased operating voltage of up to 250 kV.
Dental X-ray machine
Quality diagnosis for any disease allows you to detect the very cause of the disease and quickly cure it. Dental x-ray machine today can be found in any dental clinic. With its help, the problem is instantly identified and the correct diagnosis is made. This machine is safe due to its low radiation level, so it can be placed right in the dental office, which saves space and time for the doctor and patient.
Dental x-ray apparatus "Pardus-02" is the most popular for dental diagnostics. With it, you can get sighting and panoramic shots. The transition from one shooting to another takes one minute. With the help of a panoramic image, the doctor assesses the general condition of the patient's teeth, and sighting images allow you to control the treatment process.
Digital X-ray unit
This device performs the functions of a C-arm and a tomograph. With its help, you can quickly get digital projection images of any parts of the human body. The digital X-ray machine is designed to work both in specialized rooms and departments, and in hospital wards, which allows you to examine the patient before, during and after surgery without movingpatient. This device is of particular importance for performing skull tomography in order to detect malignant tumors.
The ward X-ray machine has:
- Vertical stand with moving carriage and X-ray monoblock fixed on it.
- Moving base with brake pedals mounted on it.
- Two roller wheels front and rear.
X-ray portable machine LORAD LPX
Commercial and military aerospace programs are designed with the reliability of all components that support high-tech processes. Since the cost of manufacturing parts is very high, you need to constantly monitor their quality. For this, a portable X-ray machine of the LORAD LPX series is used.
These devices come in different models: liquid-cooled and air-cooled. But they are all designed for continuous operation, which turns out to be very beneficial. Devices of this series are used in various climatic conditions, but liquid-cooled devices are considered the most common, since they are not a source of ignition. This is especially important when fuel cells are being examined and flammable substances are released into the air. Air-cooled units are used in cases where it is possible to supply air for cooling or when the requirements for fire and explosion safety are not very high.
Mobile X-ray machine
These devices are the most popular in medical institutions. They are small in size and therefore very easy to use. For examination of the patient, they can be used directly in the ward. The mobile x-ray machine is easy to place in any room. There are no age restrictions for taking pictures, and there is no need to move the patient. This is especially important for bedridden patients.
Mobile devices show accurate results, so they are widely used everywhere. They are equipped with wheels, thanks to which they have good maneuverability, and this is important during transportation. Mobile X-ray machines are used during instrumental intervention, to control the treatment of many diseases in the field of traumatology, orthopedics, urology, endoscopy, vascular surgery and others.
Mobile devices include devices designed to work in the field. They are installed and transported on special vehicles with a separate room, self-contained power supply and a personal photo lab. Such devices are installed in railway cars, on ships.
It's important to know
X-ray radiation in modern devices is very low. The radiation dose is comparable to that received by passengers during a flight on an airliner. This puts the diagnostic benefits of x-rays over the damage that radiation can cause during the examination.
Important! X-ray examination of young children and pregnant women is unacceptablewomen. It is carried out only in case of vital necessity.
