In the article we will consider effective medicines for the spleen.
The spleen is a bean-shaped parenchymal organ located relative to the ninth and eleventh ribs, between the diaphragm and the lower part of the stomach. It has a reddish-purple color and contains many blood vessels. If the spleen is he althy, then it is not palpated, the patient also does not feel it. Soreness and an increase in the size of the organ may indicate the development of diseases. Therapy depends on the underlying pathology. Consider below medications that treat the spleen.
Pathologies of the spleen
Under normal conditions, the weight of the spleen is 150-200 grams, size - 4x7x11 cm. The organ is located parallel to the 10th rib, in the upper abdomen, on the left. When breathing, the spleen does not go beyond the costal arches, so the patient does not feel it. If it is felt, then this indicates the presencesplenomegaly. Such a pathology can be triggered by tumors, metabolic disorders, infections.
The most important function of the spleen is phagocytosis. Phagocytes neutralize old red blood cells, microorganisms, and other cells. That is, they filter the blood.
Lymphopoiesis
During pregnancy, the spleen is an important hematopoietic organ of the fetus. Lymphopoiesis in the spleen continues throughout most of life. The lymphocytes formed by it take part in immune reactions. In adults, with some pathologies, the process of hematopoiesis may resume, for example, with myelosclerosis, chronic myeloid leukemia.
Pathophysiological anatomical variants include:
- Splenomegaly. It is an enlargement of the spleen. It develops against the background of various conditions - malignant tumors (leukemia, lymphomas), infections (malaria, for example), other pathologies (portal hypertension).
- Aspenia. It is a rare disease, the patient has been missing a spleen since birth.
- Autosplenectomy. This condition is a pathology in which splenic infarction develops. Sickle cell anemia is usually the cause.
Primary pathologies of the spleen are quite rare. As a result of a serious accident or injury, the spleen may rupture, in which case the patient requires emergency surgical intervention. Splenomegaly is usually a symptom, not a disease. Many pathologies can be responsible for the increase in the size of the organ:
- Tumor of the spleen (usually metastases from other organs).
- Splenic abscess.
- Cirrhosis of the liver.
- Traumatic pathologies.
- Infectious pathologies of an acute, chronic nature.
- Pathologies of the lymphatic system, for example, lymphomas.
- Hematological pathologies: leukemia, thalassemia, polycythemia vera.
Splenomegaly
The most common organ pathology, apart from traumatic rupture, is splenomegaly. It may be accompanied by hypersplenism (hyperfunction of the organ): an excess amount of red blood cells, platelets, and white blood cells begins to accumulate in the spleen. In addition, the organ begins to destroy a large number of normal cells. As a result, the patient develops anemia, thrombocytopenia.
So what medicines are used for the spleen?
Drug therapy
Drug therapy - the main link of treatment, as a rule, always leads to recovery. Certain drugs are prescribed taking into account several principles:
- Etiological drug therapy - aimed at eliminating the causes of the disease (for example, against pathological infectious agents).
- Pathogenetic drug therapy is aimed at suppressing the mechanisms of pathology development (for example, the anti-inflammatory process).
- Symptomatic therapymedicines - aimed at stopping the symptoms of pathology (for example, pain in the spleen).
Thus, medicines belonging to several pharmacological groups can be used for therapeutic purposes.
Antiseptic drugs
Medicines for the spleen of the antiseptic group are widely used to treat pathologies of the spleen provoked by the activity of microorganisms.
Nitrofuran derivatives are often used. This is a group of antiseptic drugs that have a wide range of antimicrobial effects, detrimental to almost all microbial agents (gram-negative, gram-positive bacteria, spirochetes, some viruses).
The drugs in this group include: Furazolidone, Furadonin, Furagin.
E. coli is detrimental to drugs related to 8-hydroxyquinoline derivatives: Enteroseptol, Intestopan, Nitroxoline.
Powerful antiseptic drugs that eliminate inflammation provoked by Proteus, Escherichia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, are quinoxaline derivatives: "Quinoxidine", "Dioxidine".
Medicines for the spleen in tablets with extensive antimicrobial activity that kill anaerobes, protozoa, bacteroids that can provoke diseases of the spleen, are drugs related to 5-nitroimidazole derivatives: "Tinidazole", "Trichopolum", "Flagil", " Metrogyl", "Metronidazole".
Gonococci and streptococci easily kill sulfanilamide derivatives:"Sulfalen", "Biseptol", "Sulfadimetoksin", "Sulfapiridazine", "Etazol", "Streptocid".
What other medicines are commonly used for the spleen?
Anti-inflammatory drugs
Inflammatory processes in the spleen begin to develop when infectious agents penetrate it. The use of anti-inflammatory drugs can eliminate pain, reduce temperature, stop the development of inflammation.
Non-steroid type anti-inflammatory drugs have a number of negative effects, and therefore they are prescribed only to some patients. These include: "Ketoprofen", "Ketorol", "Ketorolac" (help eliminate pain), "Amidoprine", "Ibuprofen", "Naproxen", "Ketoprofen", "Piroxicam", "Diclofenac", "Flurbiprofen", " Indomethacin" (allows to eliminate the inflammatory reaction).
Anti-inflammatory drugs of the steroid type are essentially glucocorticoids synthesized by the adrenal cortex. They have a strong anti-inflammatory effect. Quite often they are recommended for the treatment of acute lymphoblastic and myeloid leukemia, infectious mononucleosis, accompanied by splenomegaly. These include: Betamethasone, Triamcinolone, Methylprednisolone, Cortisone, Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, Hydrocortisone. These are the most popular drugs. Medicines for the treatment of the spleen must be prescribed by a doctor.
Antibiotic therapy
Antibiotics are one of the most important groups in the treatment of anyinfectious pathologies. They are prescribed for inflammation directly in the spleen. Before starting antibiotic therapy, it is necessary to identify the type of microbe that provoked the pathology, that is, to find out its sensitivity to the drug.
Names of drugs for the spleen are listed below. Antibiotics come in several groups:
- Glycopeptides – Vancomycin.
- Fluoroquinolones – Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Ofloxacin.
- Carbapenems - Tienam.
- Tetracyclines - "Doxycycline".
- Erythromycins - Sumamed, Azithromycin.
- Aminoglycosides - Streptomycin, Kanamycin.
- Monobactams - Carbopenem.
- Cephalosporins - Sulpiracef, Cefepime, Cefotetan, Ceftibuten, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime, Loracarbef, Cefuroxime, Cefaclor, Cefazolin, Cefalexin.
- Penicillins - Bicillin, Nafcillin, Cloxacillin, Oxacillin, Amoxiclav, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin.
- Antiviral agents - Idoxuridin, Oxomene, Arbidol, Ribamidil, Vidarabine, Oxomene, Foscarnet, Ganciclovir, Metisazon.
Antibacterial drugs for pain in the spleen can be prescribed together with anti-inflammatory drugs, since their parallel use leads to an increase in the effect of each other.
Immunomodulating agents
An immunity deficiency is quite a common condition of the body. The fall in the protective abilities of the body may occur as a result of exposure to infections, harmfulhabits, poor nutrition, stress. Due to the fact that the spleen is involved in the formation of lymphoid tissues, splenectomy also leads to a decrease in immunity. In such a situation, immunomodulating agents come to the rescue.
These include:
- Chemical - Alloferon, Immunal, Levamisole.
- Nucleic acids – Derinat, Poludan.
- Cytokines - Betaleukin, Neupogen.
- Microbial - Ribomunil, Imudon, Bronchomunal.
- Bone marrow - "Saramil", "Myelopeptide".
- Thymic - Bestim, Taktivin, Timogen, Timalin.
Conclusions
Thus, in order to treat diseases of the spleen, drugs of various pharmacological groups are used. As a rule, the greatest efficiency is achieved with complex therapy, which involves the use of drugs from several groups at once.
We looked at the most commonly prescribed medications for spleen pain.
