Bacterial vasinosis is the most common disease of the reproductive system in women. In medical circles, it is also called "gardnerellosis". However, no matter how this pathology is called, its essence does not change. The main reason for the development of the disease is vaginal dysbacteriosis.
Bacterial vasinosis: causes
Vaginal microflora is fickle. It includes a huge number of both saprophytic and pathogenic microorganisms. Only in a physiologically he althy state, the main part of the vaginal microflora is represented by lactobacilli. These microorganisms are known to play a protective role. Lactobacilli are able to process the glycogen contained in the epithelial cells of the vagina into lactic acid. The latter suppresses the reproduction of opportunistic microbes. Reducing the number of lactobacilli in the vagina contributes to their reproduction. It can be, for example, Gardnerella vaginalis, which provoke the development of gardnerellez.
Etiology of disease progression
The development of vaginal dysbacteriosis provokes several factors:
-use of contraceptive creams containing 9-nonoxynol;
- antibiotic therapy;
- use of an intrauterine device;
- douching;
- change of sexual partner;
- decrease in the body's immune resistance;
- use of condoms that are treated with 9-nonoxynol;
- abortions;
- prolonged use of tampons.
Bacterial vasinosis: signs
Every woman can detect gardnerellosis by the presence of one or more symptoms characteristic of this pathology. Bacterial vaginosis is characterized by a very unpleasant smell of vaginal discharge. Most people associate it with rotten fish. After intercourse without a condom, the smell usually intensifies. In addition, patients complain of itching in the groin area and redness of the vaginal mucosa. It is worth noting that bacterial vasinosis often occurs without visible clinical symptoms.
Diagnosis of disease
Specialists can make a preliminary diagnosis already during a gynecological examination. To confirm it, microscopy of the vagina separated from the posterior fornix is performed. So, the diagnosis of "bacterial vasinosis" can be made if the following symptoms are present:
- characteristic odor of vaginal discharge;
- pH greater than 4.5 (physiological norm 3.8–4.5);
- positiveaminotest;
- identification of "key cells" (they refer to mature epithelial cells on the surface of which microorganisms are adsorbed).
Treatment
Many experts claim that the best therapeutic effect is achieved when using local therapeutic measures. A good result is obtained when prescribing drugs from the nitroimidazole group (drugs Teonitrozol, Metrogyl, Tinidazole, Metronidazole, Ornidazole, Trichopolum, Seknidazole, etc.). The listed drugs are administered intravaginally in the form of tampons, tablets or suppositories. Recently, in the treatment of vaginitis, the combined preparations "Ginalgin", "Terzhinan", "Polygynax" are often used.
