CBC is widely used in medical practice. This examination allows you to detect anemia, inflammatory processes in the body, draw a conclusion about the state of the walls of blood vessels, suggest the presence of helminthic invasion, malignant pathologies. This analysis is also widely used in radiobiology among patients suspected of having radiation sickness.
You need to know that a clinical blood test is taken on an empty stomach, blood is taken from the ring finger. It is worth saying that in modern laboratories, most indicators are determined on special automatic blood analyzers that are capable of simultaneously analyzing several parameters.
At the same time, a general clinical blood test indicates the peculiarity of the reaction of hematopoietic organs when exposed to pathological or physiological factors, it often matters in diagnosing various diseases, and in case of hematopoietic pathologies it is the leading method for examining patients.
This analysis includes the following parameters:
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clinical blood test normal hemoglobin concentration;
- calculation of formed elements, namely: erythrocytes, platelets, leukocytes;
- color indicator;
- calculation of ESR;
- determination of the leukocyte formula - the ratio of different leukocytes (neutro-, eosinophils, as well as basophils, monocytes and lymphocytes), which is expressed as a percentage.
Additionally, they can determine the time it takes for blood to clot, the duration of bleeding
Clinical blood test: normal indicators
1. Hemoglobin is a component of red blood cells. It carries oxygen. The blood of men contains up to 160 g of hemoglobin per liter of blood, in women this figure is slightly lower - up to 140 g per liter.
2. Erythrocytes - are responsible for biological oxidation, are red blood cells. In women, this parameter is 3.8-4.5 x 10 (12) per liter of blood, the number of these cells among men is about 5.0.
3. Leukocytes - are formed in the lymph nodes and bone marrow, there are five types. There are neutrophils, basophils and eosinophils, which are included in the group of granulocytes, as well as lymph and monocytes. Normally, a liter of blood should contain 4-9 x 10 (9) of all leukocytes. The level of these cells increases during inflammatory processes, infectious lesions, injuries and tumors, after physical work and during pregnancy.
4. The color index indicates the saturation of red blood cells with hemoglobin (0.9-1 is normal). It increases with a lack of vitamin B12,cancer and polyps of the stomach, decreases - with iron deficiency anemia.
5. A clinical blood test determines the ESR, which is a non-specific indicator of pathology in the body. The level of ESR depends on gender, as well as on age, increases with damage to the kidneys, liver, endocrine glands, collagenoses, infectious and inflammatory processes, after surgery, although its physiological increase can also be observed during pregnancy and after eating. A decrease in ESR is observed with circulatory failure, an increase in bilirubin and bile acid concentration, and a decrease in fibrinogen in the body.
