Thinking, temperament, habits, perception of events is different in men and women, in people with a dominant right hemisphere of the brain from those who have a more developed left. Some diseases, deviations, injuries, factors that contribute to the activity of certain parts of the brain are related to a person’s life, whether he feels he althy and happy. How does increased activity of the temporal lobe of the brain affect the state of mind of a person?
Location
The upper lateral parts of the hemisphere belong to the parietal lobe. From the front and side, the parietal lobe is limited by the frontal zone, from below - by the temporal zone, from the occipital part - by an imaginary line running from above from the parietal-occipital zone and reaching the lower edge of the hemisphere. The temporal lobe is located in the lower lateral parts of the brain and is underlined by a pronounced lateral groove.
The front part represents a certain temporal pole. Side surfaceThe temporal lobe displays the upper and lower lobes. The convolutions are located along the furrows. The superior temporal gyrus is located in the area between the lateral groove above and the superior temporal gyrus below.
On the back layer of this area, located in the hidden part of the lateral sulcus, there are two or three convolutions belonging to the temporal lobe. The inferior and superior temporal gyrus are separated by the middle one. In the lower lateral edge (of the temporal lobe of the brain), the lower temporal gyrus is localized, which is limited to the sulcus of the same name at the top. The posterior part of this gyrus continues in the occipital zone.
Functions
The functions of the temporal lobe are related to visual, auditory, gustatory perception, smell, analysis and speech synthesis. Its main functional center is located in the upper lateral part of the temporal lobe. The auditory center, the gnostic, speech center is localized here.
The temporal lobes are involved in complex mental processes. One of their functions is the processing of visual information. In the temporal lobe there are several visual centers, convolutions, one of which is responsible for face recognition. The so-called Mayer's loop passes through this temporal lobe, damage to which can cost the loss of the upper part of vision. The functions of the brain regions are used depending on the dominant hemisphere.
The temporal lobe of the dominant hemisphere of the brain is responsible for:
- word recognition;
- operates with long-term and medium-term memory;
- responsible for digestionlistening information;
- analysis of auditory information and partially visual images (at the same time, perception combines the visible and audible into a single whole);
- has a complex-composite memory that combines the perception of touch, hearing and vision, while inside the person there is a synthesis of all signals and their correlation with the object;
- responsible for balancing emotional manifestations.
The temporal lobe of the non-dominant hemisphere is responsible for:
- facial expression recognition;
- analyzes speech intonation;
- regulates the perception of rhythm;
- responsible for the perception of music;
- promotes visual learning.
Left temporal lobe and its damage
The left, usually the dominant share, is responsible for logical processes, contributes to understanding about speech processing. She is assigned the role of controlling the character, remembering words, she is associated with short-term and long-term memory.
If a disease or damage is localized in the region of the temporal lobe of the brain of the dominant hemisphere, this is fraught with consequences in the form of:
- self-aggression;
- development of melancholy, which manifests itself in endless pessimism, thoughts of meaninglessness and negativity;
- paranoia;
- difficulties in arranging phrases in the process of speech, selection of words;
- difficulties in analyzing incoming sounds (inability to distinguish crackling from thunder, etc.);
- problems withreading;
- emotional imbalance.
Activity rate
As you know, the temporal lobe is at the level of the imaginary temple of glasses - that is, on a line below the level of the ears. The temporal lobes, combined with the activity of the limbic system, make life emotionally rich. Their unity allows us to speak of an emotional brain that is known for cravings and elevated experiences. These experiences make us feel the peak of pleasure or leave us in deep despair.
Normally, with a balanced activity of the temporal lobes and the limbic system, a person has full self-awareness, relies on personal experience, experiences a variety of uniform emotions, is prone to experiencing spiritual experience, is aware of everything. Otherwise, all the listed activities of the human brain will be disrupted, and, therefore, problems in communication and everyday life cannot be avoided.
Injury to non-dominant hemisphere
The peculiarity of the location of the temporal lobes is the reason why this part of the brain is so vulnerable. Emotional intelligence makes life meaningful and colorful, but as soon as it gets out of control, cruelty is shown from the depths of consciousness, pessimism and oppression that threaten us and others. Emotional intelligence is an essential element of the operating system of our Self. In psychiatry, ailments associated with these areas of the brain are called temporal lobe epilepsy, but in addition, a disorder in the activity of these areas of the brain canexplain many irrational manifestations of personality and, unfortunately, religious experience.
If the non-dominant hemisphere of the temporal lobe of the brain is damaged, emotional speech is perceived incorrectly, music is not recognized, the sense of rhythm is lost, there is no memory for facial expressions of people.
The explanation for the so-called psychic abilities may well lie in non-convulsive seizures when the functions of the temporal lobes of the brain are impaired.
Manifestations:
- déjà vu - the feeling of having seen before;
- perception of the unseen;
- a state like transcendental or sleep;
- inexplicable states of inner experiences that can be regarded as a merger with another consciousness;
- states characterized as astral travel;
- hypergraphy, which can be manifested by an unbridled desire to write (usually meaningless texts);
- recurring dreams;
- problems with speech when the ability to express thoughts disappears;
- sudden surges of depressive irritation with thoughts of the negative of everything around.
Brain disorders
Unlike epileptic conditions, which is caused by dysfunction of the right temporal lobe of the brain, the feelings of an ordinary person manifest themselves in a planned manner, and not in jumps.
As a result of voluntary subjects, it was revealed that the forced activation of the temporal lobes of the brain is felt by a person as supernatural experiences, sensations of the presence of a non-existent object, angels, aliens, and it was alsothere is a sense of passing beyond life and approaching death.
Awareness of a double or "another I" arises due to the mismatch of the cerebral hemispheres, according to experts. If emotional perception is stimulated, extraordinary, so-called spiritual experiences arise.
The passive temporal lobe hides intuition, it is activated when there is a feeling that someone you know is not well, although you cannot see them.
Among patients suffering from an ailment of the middle areas of the temporal lobe, there were cases of the highest emotionality, as a result of which highly ethical behavioral manifestations developed. In the behavior of patients with hyperactive temporal lobe gyri, rapid and coherent speaking was observed, and a relative decrease in sexual activity was noticeable. Unlike other patients with a similar type of disease, these showed signs of depression and bouts of irritability, which contrasted against the background of their benevolent attitude towards themselves.
Prerequisites for increased activity
Various events can play the role of an irritant in the temporal lobe. Increased activity (temporal lobe convolutions) is possible due to events associated with an accident, lack of oxygen at high altitude, damage during surgery, a jump in sugar levels, prolonged insomnia, drugs, manifestations of the temporal lobe itself, an altered state of consciousness after meditation, ritual actions.
Limbic cortex
Deep sidegrooves in the temporal lobe is the so-called limbic cortex, resembling an island. A circular groove separates it from adjacent adjacent areas from the side. On the surface of the island, the anterior and posterior parts are visible; it contains a taste analyzer. The inner and lower parts of the hemispheres are united into the limbic cortex, including the amygdala, olfactory tract, areas of the cerebral cortex.
The limbic cortex is a single functional system, the properties of which consist not only in providing communication with the external, but also in regulating the tone of the cortex, the activity of internal organs, and behavioral reactions. Another important role of the limbic system is the formation of motivation. Inner motivation includes instinctive and emotional components, regulation of sleep and activity.
Limbic system
The limbic system models the emotional impulse: negative or positive emotions are its derivatives. Due to its influence, a person has a certain emotional mood. If its activity is reduced, optimism, positive feelings prevail, and vice versa. The limbic system serves as an indicator for evaluating ongoing events.
These areas of the brain have a strong charge of negative or positive memories entered into the register of the limbic system. Their importance is that when looking at events through the prism of emotional memory, the ability to survive is stimulated, the urge that arises stimulates action when it concerns the establishment of a relationship with the opposite sex, oravoidance of a dysfunctional suitor who was fixed in the memory as the one who brought pain.
Emotional background, negative or positive, creates the amount of emotional memories that affect the stability in the present, attitudes, behavior. The deep structures of the limbic system are responsible for building social connections, personal relationships. Based on the results of the experiments, the damaged limbic system of rodents did not allow mothers to show affection for their offspring.
The limbic system functions like a consciousness switch, instantly activating emotions or rational thought. When the limbic system is calm, the frontal cortex becomes dominant, and when it dominates, behavior is controlled by emotions. In depressive states, people usually have a more active limbic system, and the work of the head cortex is depressed.
Diseases
Many researchers have found a decrease in neuronal density in large temporal lobes of patients diagnosed with schizophrenia. According to the research results, the right temporal lobe was larger than the left one. With the course of the disease, the temporal part of the brain decreases in volume. At the same time, there is increased activity in the right temporal lobe and a violation of the connections between the neurons of the temporal and cerebral cortex.
This activity is observed in patients with auditory hallucinations who perceive their thoughts as outside voices. It has been observed that the stronger the hallucinations, the weaker the connection between the sections of the temporal lobe and the frontal cortex. Tovisual and auditory deviations are added disorders of thinking and speech. The superior temporal gyrus of schizophrenic patients is significantly reduced with the same area of the brain in he althy people.
According to many authors, the pathological process gradually spreads from the depths of the brain to the frontal and temporal parts, most pronouncedly manifesting itself in the superior gyrus of the right temporal lobe.
Hemispheric He alth Prevention
As a prevention of full perception, the brain needs training in the form of music, dancing, declaring poetry, playing rhythmic melodies. Movement to the beat of music, singing to the playing of musical instruments improves and harmonizes the functions of the emotional part of the brain when the temporal lobe is activated.
