Many are interested in how to fill a tooth. There are many different types of sealants used in the field of dentistry today. The article tells about what types of materials exist and what technologies are used depending on the location of the tooth, as well as how the canals of the tooth are filled.
Temporary structures
As a rule, filling is used in the treatment and diagnosis. For example, when the doctor is uncertain about the presence of nerve damage, this construction is placed.
Temporary fillings used for therapeutic purposes most often contain drugs that need to be removed later. That is, a temporary structure is not one that will fall by itself in a few days. It is removed by a dentist without certain difficulties after a certain period of time.
Permanent constructions
Permanent fillings should stand on a damaged tooth for a long time, up to several years, or even decades. A filling that fell off after a monthsuitable for any classification and delivered with a violation of technology or without taking into account the load of a mechanical nature. Perhaps, in this case, it was more appropriate to install a crown. There are many varieties of permanent fillings.
Metal filling
Metal structures include various types of amalgam (an alloy of metals and mercury).
Amalgam has a high degree of strength, especially on a silver base. Although recent scientific research suggests that mercury adversely affects he alth.
Dental material has another significant drawback. It has a high expansion ratio. For this reason, often there is a break from the wall of the tooth, which is adjacent to the filling. Also, the metallic sheen of the material should be attributed to the minuses.
Amalgam fillings are becoming rarer as the process is difficult or requires certain skills.
A remarkable property of the design is their unhindered setting on a wet surface. This effect cannot be achieved with other materials.
Amalgam hardens 2-3 hours after placement. The next day it needs to be polished. Such a filling costs a very long time.
Cement based fillings
Cement filling can be of different types. But the main models are phosphate-based devices. There are also glass ionomer constructions.
Phosphate filling
This filling has a lowlevel of fixation and poor durability with a fragile fit to the edge. To reduce this phenomenon, silver powder was added to it. This type has gone into the distant past and is not used in modern dentistry.
Glass ionomer model
This view was a breakthrough in dentistry. Such material has much in common with the structure of the tooth itself. Fluorine was pressed into it, which prevents the development of secondary caries. The filling is perfectly attached to the tooth, but is quickly erased.
Composites and plastic products
Composites and plastics are a broad group of models. The difference between composites and plastics is that they contain porcelain. Conventionally, they are divided into acrylic and epoxy.
Composite dental material has a high degree of strength, but contains many toxic substances, and also has many pores during polymerization.
The content of toxic substances can cause inflammation of the nerve in the tooth on which the filling is placed, and if it comes into contact with neighboring teeth, it can cause caries to develop in them.
Epoxy models are more resistant to abrasion, but are brittle. They have a lower level of toxicity. The downside of the devices is that they darken a few years after installation.
Light composites
They got the name of solar seals. These are substances that polymerize under the influence of ultraviolet radiation. Their color scheme is very rich.
Light composites shrink less, but a similar problemeliminated through the use of various technological methods.
Tab
How to fill a tooth with an inlay? In fact, this design is a microprosthesis for sealing the tooth.
Currently, it is customary to distinguish between the following types of tabs:
- all-ceramic;
- on a composite basis;
- plastic products.
An inlay is a pre-designed filling model. It is attached to the tooth with composites.
The tab comes in two varieties:
- Modeled directly in the mouth, then removed, and a metal analogue is cast in its shape.
- A patient's tooth is drilled, then it is prepared, and a filling is made on the basis of metal, porcelain or plastic based on the cast.
Root canal filling process
How to fill the canals of the tooth? To prevent complications in the treatment of pulpitis or periodontitis, it is necessary to properly seal the root canals of the teeth. Practice shows that the basis of a quality process is proper preparation. Narrow canals need to be expanded with appropriate instruments along the entire length from the tip of the tooth to its root.
Main stages of root canal filling
The process involves the following steps:
- Removal of tissues affected by caries. He althy tissue can also be removed to create optimal access to the orifices of the root canals.
- Removal of pulp, crown and root parts.
- Processingchannels mechanically. The channels are expanded to the desired size using special tools from the base to the top of the tooth.
- The final stage of the process is filling the root canals with gutta-percha.
- Next, start working with the crown of the tooth.
Precise determination of the length of dental canals is an important manipulation during filling. Incorrect measurement can lead to the fact that the top of the roots remains not completely sealed and subsequently an inflammatory process occurs in it.
How are baby teeth filled?
How to fill a child's tooth? The specificity of sealing milk teeth in children is based on its expediency. The dentist takes into account the condition of the carious tooth, assesses the prevalence of the pathological process, clarifies the symptoms of bone disease, takes into account the age of the child, and only after that makes the right decision.
Before filling, the tooth is processed. The difficulty arises in the fact that the child is frightened by the sound of the drill. To eliminate this factor, the tooth cavity can be cleaned using an air-kinetic, chemical-mechanical or laser method.
Filling materials for milk teeth
How are baby teeth filled? Until recently, the filling of milk teeth was carried out with a material based on amalgam or glass ionomer. Both substances have a high degree of strength. However, the first, as already mentioned, is toxic and corrosive. The second type is more aesthetic, but sensitive toexposure to moisture, and its hardening occurs throughout the day.
The use of composites in children has previously been difficult as they take too long to harden.
Currently, light-cured composites are produced, which are characterized by short-term condensation. Composites are more hygienic, durable and aesthetic.
Colored fillings are the latest innovation in filling milk teeth. They are called compomers. Such models include glass ionomer cement and hybrid composite. The properties of both complement each other.
This filling has a high level of adhesion, is easily polished and combined with the tooth. It exhibits resistance to saliva and mechanical damage.
The palette of similar models includes seven colors. Filling milk teeth turns into an interesting game for a child.
Peculiarities of filling milk teeth
Dental treatment of a child's teeth is, in principle, no different from the sealing of teeth in adult patients. It should be noted that the restoration of temporary painters is carried out using preventive filling. That is, not only the affected area is closed with artificial material, but also he althy fissures. In case of eruption of temporary painters, sealing is also recommended to avoid the development of a carious process in the fissure area.
Can a wisdom tooth be filled?
As already noted, most often fillingteeth affected by caries or pulpitis are subject. These diseases affect absolutely all teeth, but, as a rule, the pathological process develops on premolars, molars, and wisdom teeth.
What about the eighth molars? Is dental treatment recommended? The clinic is different, but it should be noted that filling the wisdom tooth is not carried out so often. Usually, doctors recommend removing the affected molar, but sometimes the patient insists on keeping it.
When is wisdom tooth filling justified?
Do wisdom teeth fill? When do doctors resort to restoring the eighth tooth?
There are a number of reasons:
- In the absence of adjacent teeth (if there is no seventh or sixth tooth in the row or if they are to be removed in the near future), dentists advise saving the wisdom tooth and sealing it.
- The eighth tooth may be needed if the patient decides to restore missing teeth in a row with a bridge. The wisdom tooth in this case will become a support for the structure. Without his participation, the restoration of teeth with the help of a bridge will be impossible. You will have to resort to more expensive options, for example, installing an implant with a crown. And it's not just that the cost of such a design is high. For some groups of patients, it can be dangerous. First of all, it is not recommended for elderly patients and those who have a problem with bone mineralization or blood clotting.
- In the presence of an antagonist tooth. Antagonists are teeth that areopposite to each other. Eights, located on the upper and lower jaws, are antagonist painters. Such pairs are not subject to destruction, since the load and resistance will be reduced in relation to the remaining tooth. As a result, the tooth can move and go beyond the dentition.
- With the possibility of loss of other teeth. Despite the fact that wisdom teeth are a lot of inconvenience, sometimes they can be beneficial. For example, when carrying out a complete prosthetics. A person in old age loses a lot of teeth. Sometimes eighth molars remain. They appear much later, and the chewing load on them is much reduced. In the presence of wisdom teeth, a prosthesis can be installed, and the eighth teeth will serve as a support. Such a prosthesis lasts longer, and the cost for it is somewhat lower. In this case, the decision depends entirely on the patient, and the dentist can offer little advice.
When asked whether a wisdom tooth should be sealed, the doctor can give a positive answer only if there are three of the above reasons. In other cases, it is recommended to remove it. If filling is required, then it is carried out according to the standard method.
How are front teeth filled?
How to fill an anterior tooth?
The front teeth are also often destroyed by caries. The reason for this phenomenon may be malnutrition and non-compliance with the rules of oral hygiene. Usually the carious process is expressed in a dark spotsmall size. More often, the process develops on the inside of the tooth or between two teeth. Sometimes the pathology is barely noticeable. However, it should be noted that the anterior teeth contain an insufficient amount of dentin, and the growth of such a speck occurs quickly. The main thing in this case is the timely filling, until the process has taken a deeper form.
Methods of filling front teeth
How are front teeth filled? When it comes to sealing anterior teeth, the aesthetics of the filling material are prioritized over its functionality, since the anterior teeth take on minimal chewing pressure. This explains why light-curing fillings are used to seal the front teeth. They allow you to restore the natural shape and color of the enamel.
There is also a more expensive filling method - restoration of the front teeth using ceramic-based fillings. Outwardly, they are no different from natural enamel, so they are absolutely invisible to the prying eye. This material exhibits higher resistance to external influences.
It should be noted that making a filling from an impression takes a lot of time, so this method is applicable only in cases where the tooth has been severely damaged, and the use of a conventional light filling is impractical.
Do fillings hurt?
Does filling a tooth hurt? In ancient Soviet times, dental treatment broughtunpleasant sensations. Over the past decades, dentistry has made a huge breakthrough. Today, the dental office does not cause any fear in patients.
Medicine offers a wide range of anesthetics for dental treatment. There are drugs that are suitable even for people with allergies. Only two injections into the gums - and the patient loses sensitivity to external influences for a sufficiently long time, and the discomfort that has arisen after the withdrawal of anesthesia can be stopped with the help of modern painkillers.
How to care for a filling?
Many people wonder how to take care of filled teeth.
It is desirable to polish the filling. A well-placed filling does not require any specific oral care, but it forces you to carry out normal everyday procedures with more care.
In this case, you should pay attention to a few indispensable rules:
- At least once a year you should visit the dentist's office.
- Recommended for regular oral hygiene. Filled teeth need extra care.
- You should carefully monitor the level of quality of the seal. A perfect filling does not cause any discomfort.
- It is desirable to polish the filling. This is a special procedure carried out by the dentist every 6 months with regular medical examinations. This technique prolongs the service life of the structure and prevents the destruction of the walls.tooth.
As for the care of the filling during the first week after sealing, dentists give the following advice:
- Bleeding may occur during brushing. This is not a disease, rather, it can be called a natural manifestation of treatment. If bleeding does not stop within 4-5 days, then you should seek the advice of a specialist.
- For several days after filling, you should follow a certain diet: do not eat foods containing chemicals, temporarily stop drinking tea, coffee and alcohol.
Compliance with the recommendations and attentive attitude to the state of one's he alth helps prevent the filling from falling out and contributes to the prevention of other diseases of the oral cavity.
