A woman's he alth is the key to her family and maternal happiness. Therefore, the main task of modern gynecology is the prevention and treatment of various pathologies in the female genital area. Inflammation of the appendages, the symptoms of which every woman must have experienced at least once in her life, is a disease that requires immediate treatment.
What is the danger
With any inflammatory gynecological manifestations, first of all, there is always a risk to reproductive he alth. Therefore, if any symptoms of such ailments are detected, a specialist consultation is necessary. After all, the outcome of the disease depends on how timely and adequately the treatment is carried out.
Causes of inflammation
Most often, various pathogens and infections can provoke the development of inflammation of the appendages in women (the symptoms are very similar to an attack of appendicitis or renal colic). Most often, such provocateurs are transmittedsexually. These are primarily chlamydia, trichomonas, mycoplasmas, herpes viruses and other pathogens. However, these may be inhabitants of conditionally pathogenic microflora, which is normally present on the mucous membranes of our body - streptococci, candida, staphylococci and other microbes.
Inflammation can be caused by various bacteria that "fall from above". Rare, but still possible culprits of the inflammatory process can be pathogenic pathogens that penetrate the sex glands through the blood and lymph. They enter the pelvic system of a woman from the kidneys, lungs and, surprisingly, the oral cavity with a sore throat or dental diseases. Such infections provoke inflammation of the fallopian tubes, and then capture the ovaries.
It is also possible that the cause of inflammation of the appendages in women (both the symptoms and the course of the disease are pronounced, accompanied by periodic or constant acute pain, fever) are hypothermia, abortions, uterine operations, ectopic pregnancy, childbirth, use of intrauterine devices, etc. The result of the manifestation of unwanted pathology may be an incorrect diagnosis of the disease or inadequate treatment.
Therefore, the symptoms of inflammation of the appendages themselves are only a consequence of the spread of an infection that has already settled in the genitourinary system of a woman.
Development of pathology
When harmful microorganisms enter the uterus, they successfully develop in its cavity, covering more and more extensive areas, gradually capturing the fallopian tubes. ATas a result, the organ begins to thicken: pus accumulates, adhesions appear. If the disease is ignored or incorrectly treated at this stage, the process spreads further and already captures the ovaries.
With symptoms of inflammation of the ovaries and appendages in women, pathological changes occur - soldering of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. As a result of such formations, obstruction of the tubes occurs, which entails the appearance of ectopic pregnancies and the impossibility of a full one. It happens that during inflammation, pathological changes begin to spread to the surrounding peritoneum, so there is always a risk of dangerous septic phenomena.
There are different types of inflammation, and each of them has stages and flow characteristics.
Salpingitis: symptoms, signs, consequences
Inflammatory pathology of the fallopian tubes resulting from infection is called salpingitis. In the acute course of this disease, patients complain:
- for severe pain in the lower abdomen;
- regular fevers and feverish conditions;
- chills and general weakness.
Symptoms of inflammation of the appendages in subacute and chronic form have an erased clinic, therefore, for accurate diagnosis, certain laboratory and ultrasound studies are required.
The consequences of this inflammatory pathology are the obstruction of one or both fallopian tubes, the appearance of purulent tubo-ovarian formations. Requiresmedical treatment with antibiotics.
Salpingitis itself is quite rare. Usually occurs with involvement in the inflammatory process of the ovaries (salpingoophoritis, or adnexitis) or together with inflammation of the uterus (endometritis).
Adnexitis
Salpingoophoritis (adnexitis) is an inflammatory process that simultaneously occurs in both the fallopian tubes and the ovaries. It is characterized by severe pain and pain in the lower abdomen, temperature, cycle disorders, general weakness and other symptoms. Treatment of inflammation of the appendages in women and this pathology, and other similar diseases, requires an immediate visit to a specialist.
Adnexitis is dangerous because with a long acute course it provokes the occurrence of adhesive processes in the fallopian tubes. This is the main cause of female infertility.
From the tube, pus can enter the abdominal cavity, which is likely to provoke peritonitis, a life-threatening phenomenon. Physiological changes in the ovaries, signaling themselves with symptoms of inflammation of the appendages, entail the appearance of uterine bleeding and cycle disorders. Since the ovaries are an integral part of the hormonal system, malfunctions in their functioning do not go unnoticed for the whole body. There is a risk of various forms of mammological pathologies and disorders in the thyroid gland.
Symptoms and signs of oophoritis
Inflammatory pathology of the ovaries is oophoritis. Modern gynecology distinguishes between acute,subacute and chronic form.
In acute inflammation, patients complain:
- for continuous pain in the lower abdomen, radiating to the lumbar or sacrum;
- frequent urination accompanied by severe pain and cramps;
- increased body temperature with fever and malaise;
- purulent discharge;
- sharp pain during intercourse.
On examination, the gynecologist determines the enlargement of the ovaries. When the diagnosis is confirmed, the patient needs urgent hospitalization with treatment in a hospital.
Subacute course is a rather rare form of the disease. Most often occurs in conjunction with tuberculosis or mycosis.
Untimely diagnosis of symptoms and treatment of inflammation of the appendages, as well as its incompleteness, lead to the chronic form of the disease. In this case, the disease acquires a protracted course with periodic exacerbations. Chronic inflammation of the ovaries is characterized by dull, aching pain in the groin area. Unpleasant sensations may intensify with the onset of the cycle. In this case, there are slight discharge, pain during sexual intercourse and the impossibility of pregnancy.
What is the danger of endometritis
Symptoms of inflammation of the uterus and appendages are characterized by inflammation of the mucous layer of the endometrium in combination with inflammation of the muscular layer of the reproductive organ and may have a pronounced picture. The physiological feature of the mucous membrane of the uterine cavity is to be updated with the arrival of each new cycle,in preparation for the attachment of a fertilized egg, and rejection if fertilization does not occur.
Very often, due to some inflammatory processes caused by various surgical interventions, childbirth and infectious pathogens, particles of the fetal egg and placenta remain in the uterine cavity. Gradually, a favorable environment is created for the development of pathogenic flora, and harmful changes in the endometrium occur.
Manifestations of endometritis are menstrual disorders, uterine bleeding, bleeding between periods, purulent serous discharge with an unpleasant odor, constant discomfort and pain during sexual intercourse.
Endometritis in all its manifestations is treated in a hospital using antibacterial and hormonal treatment regimens.
Diagnosis
Identification of any form of inflammation of the appendages in women (the symptoms can often be similar to signs of an exacerbation of the appendix, cystitis, renal colic or other pathologies of the pelvic organs) should be carried out only by a specialist. Diagnosis is carried out on the basis of the patient's complaints, the collection of an anamnesis of the course of the disease, a gynecological examination, ultrasound and laboratory tests of blood and smears.
Traditional medicine: treatment of inflammation of the appendages
Patients diagnosed with inflammation of the appendages are treated in the hospital, as there remains a potential threat of dangerous septic complications (development of parametritis,pelvioperitonitis or peritonitis).
Depending on the type of disease and the form of its course, an individual treatment regimen is selected. The patient is usually prescribed antibiotics, absorbable therapy and physiotherapy. In critical situations, surgical intervention is possible.
Folk remedies
There are many folk methods that can be used to prevent gynecological inflammation. Many women sometimes quite successfully eliminate the symptoms of inflammation of the appendages at home. Treatment in this case consists in the complex effect of traditional medicine and medications.
However, it is important to remember that in acute and chronic forms of these gynecological diseases, the use of certain non-traditional methods may differ significantly. So, for example, in the acute course of the inflammatory process, it is not recommended to warm up in hot baths, while in chronic forms of the disease, warming up and various douching can give a good result.
Do not forget that any inflammatory processes in the pelvic area of a woman is most often a pathology of an infectious origin. Therefore, the treatment of symptoms of inflammation of the appendages with folk remedies can only be an additional measure to the antibacterial effect.
Prevention of gynecological inflammation
To prevent the development of inflammatory processesovaries and appendages should follow simple but very important rules. First of all, genital infections, hypothermia and stress should be avoided. At the first symptoms of the inflammatory process, it is not necessary to postpone the visit to the antenatal clinic for "later". Diagnosis of the disease in the early stages of development largely determines its outcome. Moreover, a visit to the gynecologist every six months is one of the best methods for preventing not only inflammation of the appendages, but also other serious female pathologies.
The consequences of neglected and chronic forms of such diseases are infertility, lifelong use of drugs and hormonal drugs, or a potential threat to lose the female gonads altogether. Therefore, with any symptoms of inflammation of the appendages, even if you feel quite tolerable, you cannot ignore the signals of the body - women's he alth in the future directly depends on this. Take care of yourself and stay he althy!
