The most common violation in the work of veins and arteries is associated with their blockage. This situation leads to the formation of a thrombus, or embolus, from which thromboembolism develops. What it is? Pathological process in which the pulmonary artery is blocked. Blood clots usually form in the systemic circulation, in
right ventricle or atrium. Sometimes this condition does not have serious consequences, and sometimes it can end in death.
Why does thromboembolism develop?
The causes of blood clots are directly related to violations of the fibrinolysis process. Emboli form on the walls of blood vessels, increase and break off over time, starting their way through the body, it is because of them that thromboembolism can occur. What is it - emboli? Basically, it's just a blood clot. Reaching a smaller vessel in diameter, the embolus blocks it. Various diseases can contribute to this process, for example, thrombophlebitis of the legs, myocardial infarction, rheumatism, arterial hypertension, obesity, atherosclerosis, infective endocarditis. Even bed rest can be dangerous. It is important that the recumbent patient take fibrinolytics and perform therapeuticleg gymnastics. In order for a thrombus to form, three factors must develop: damage to the vascular wall, slowing blood flow, and increasing blood clotting. When these conditions are combined, the danger will increase
fading away.
How does the disease manifest itself?
For diagnosis, the rate of development of arterial lesions, concomitant disorders and the volume of the affected vessels, as well as the general condition of the patient are important. In general, the clinical picture does not have any special visible signs, therefore, it is often possible to recognize the problem only at a critical moment. However, there are some symptoms. For example, cardiovascular disorders signaling that a thromboembolism has occurred. What it is? As a rule, this is acute vascular insufficiency with a strong drop in blood pressure, pain in the sternum, radiating to the left arm and shoulder blade, pulmonary edema, tachycardia, cerebral hypoxia, cerebral edema, accompanied by dizziness, tinnitus, convulsions, coma. There are also pulmonary-pleural signs indicating that the patient has thromboembolism. What it is? This is acute respiratory failure, wheezing in the bronchi and pulmonary infarction, accompanied by shortness of breath, coughing up blood and pain in the sternum. With a feverish manifestation of blockage of the artery, inflammation occurs in the lungs, and with an abdominal vein, the liver veins swell, pain occurs in the n
right hypochondrium. In any case, prompt hospitalization is necessary if you suspect that you have developed a thromboembolism.
Treatment of disease
The patient needs resuscitation to rule out a threat to life. Restoration of blood circulation, normalization of pulmonary blood flow is carried out, and prevention of the development of pulmonary hypertension is also necessary. It is possible to prescribe oxygen therapy and fibrinolytics, in the presence of inflammation, antibiotic therapy is performed. All symptoms are prevented by improvised medical means. Treatment is not carried out without hospitalization of the patient.
