How and how to treat stomatitis? Symptoms and Causes

2024 Author: Curtis Blomfield | [email protected]. Last modified: 2023-12-16 20:44

Some diseases begin to "grow up". Previously, white painful spots in the mouth appeared only in children. Now they are often found in adults. You probably guessed what problem we are talking about - this is stomatitis. How to treat this disease is interesting to many. Let's talk about this now.

A little about the problem

Stomatitis is a disease of the oral mucosa. If certain parts of the oral cavity are affected - tongue, palate, lips - then we are talking, respectively, about glossitis, palatinitis or cheilitis. The disease occurs quite often, but sometimes there are difficulties in the correct diagnosis. This is due to the fact that many diseases, not only of the oral cavity, but also of other organs, pass with the same symptoms.

Stomatitis occurs as a separate disease or as a result of complications, as a manifestation of other ailments: scarlet fever, measles, influenza.

The mechanism of the development of the disease has not yet been fully established. There is an opinion that there is a special reaction of the immune system in response to an irritant.

This disease has some peculiarities:

Duration of flow from four days to two weeks.
Traces fromno ulcers remain.
The disease can recur over and over again.

Reasons

Before you learn how to treat stomatitis, you should get acquainted with the causes of the disease:

Mechanical damage to the oral cavity. It could be an injury, a chemical burn. Even badly bitten solid food can cause illness.
Poor hygiene. Eating unwashed fruits or picking them up with dirty hands can introduce harmful bacteria or viruses into your mouth. They are the cause of the formation of sores.
Wrong diet. The body receives little vitamin B, zinc, folic acid and iron.
Inappropriate dentifrices. Toothpaste containing sodium lauryl sulfate causes a decrease in the amount of saliva produced. The oral cavity becomes dry, and the mucous membrane becomes more sensitive to irritants.
Failed dental procedures. A poor-quality prosthesis or a poorly placed filling increases the risk of an ailment.
Bad habits. Smoking and alcohol abuse lead to the formation of sores in the mouth.
Comorbidities: anemia, gastritis, cancer, intestinal parasites.

You can say that many people meet with the above reasons, but not everyone suffers from stomatitis. Why? They have strong immunity and the body copes with this problem.

Types of stomatitis in adults

Before deciding how to treat stomatitis in adults at home, you need to knowwhat types of diseases are there. The most common are:

Catarrhal. Appears when oral hygiene is not observed. There is irritation and burning in the mouth.
Ulcerative. The reason for the formation is the lack of treatment of catarrhal stomatitis. This type of disease is accompanied by the appearance of painful ulcers. They are round or oval in shape, and around them there is a red border. The complexity of the treatment of ulcerative stomatitis lies in the fact that it penetrates deep into the tissues. If you do not find out from a specialist in a timely manner how to treat stomatitis in adults and do not start getting rid of it, then the ulcers can unite and spread to the entire oral cavity.
Aphthous. Viral infections provoke its appearance. Outwardly, the disease is swelling with liquid. They are very sore that they even interfere with talking and eating. How to treat stomatitis of this type? Using an integrated approach.
Herpes. The herpes virus is the cause of its appearance. Most often it affects young people under the age of thirty years. The disease will not go away on its own, it must be treated. Otherwise, it will go into a chronic stage and penetrate into other organs.

Types of stomatitis in children

Before we move on to the question of how to treat stomatitis in children in the mouth, we will find out what types of this disease are in babies:

Infectious. It is provoked by any infectious diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, microbes. With microbial stomatitis, the baby's lips are covered with a thick yellow crust, the mouth openshard. Body temperature is elevated. Plaque and vesicles with pus appear on the oral mucosa.
Traumatic. The reason for its appearance is injury to the mucous membrane. Redness appears around the scratch. If the damage is small, it will go away on its own. With complications, pain appears, it is difficult for the baby to drink and eat.
Fungal (thrush). This type of stomatitis develops in weakened children. The main symptom is the appearance of a white, curd-like plaque.
Allergic. The mucous membrane of the mouth swells, there is a burning sensation, itching and dryness in the mouth. How to treat this type of stomatitis, we'll talk a little later, and now let's move on to the next type.
Herpetic. Infection occurs from adults. Most often, this disease occurs in children from one to three years. The symptom is the appearance of bubbles. They first appear on the lips, and then on the oral mucosa. During illness, the temperature rises, the baby becomes lethargic and moody, does not want to drink and eat.

Stomatitis by the nature of manifestation

Before we turn to the question of how to treat stomatitis, let's talk a little more about the types of the disease.

Spicy. Full manifestation of all symptoms: the mucosa becomes red and swells, wounds appear, plaque forms. If this type of disease is not cured to the end, the pathogen remains in the oral cavity, and the disease becomes chronic. Any decrease in immunity can cause an exacerbation.

Unpleasant is the recurrence of herpetic stomatitis. It seems that everything is terrible alreadybehind, but this is only externally. The herpes virus is located in the cells, or rather, in their nerve endings. With strong immunity, the virus will be “silent”, but if the body is suddenly weakened, a relapse begins.

Can stomatitis be treated? Not possible, but necessary. In order for the disease not to become chronic, it is necessary to correctly determine the cause of its occurrence and prescribe treatment. Only a specialist can do this.

Symptoms

Above we talked about the types of stomatitis, which touched on some of the signs of the disease. Now let's summarize everything. Indeed, without knowing the symptoms, it is unlikely that it will be possible to decide how to treat stomatitis in the mouth.

Signs of illness in adults:

small redness in the mouth;
round sores with smooth edges are formed, in the center there is a whitish film;
gums bleed;
discomfort when eating, difficult to chew food, painful sensations;
produces large amounts of saliva;
bad breath and swollen lymph nodes;
fever.

The last two signs appear in acute form of stomatitis

Now let's talk about the symptoms of the disease in a child. It is necessary to contact a pediatrician if there are signs of stomatitis, how to treat - a specialist will tell you. And remember - no self-treatment. Sometimes the baby's symptoms may go unnoticed for a long time. This creates difficulties in making a diagnosis.

Signs of disease in adults and children duringin many ways, similar:

a white coating appears on the tongue;
bubbles form on the mucosa, they burst and remain sores;
sometimes, instead of bubbles, wounds appear covered with a white film.

Treatment of illness in children

If a child is diagnosed with stomatitis, how to treat - the doctor should determine. After all, the way to get rid of the disease depends on the age of the baby. Children over two years old can rinse their mouths on their own, but this process is beyond the power of a baby.

Aphthous stomatitis is most common in children. How to treat this type of disease, now let's talk.

Antiallergic drugs are prescribed: "Diazolin", "Supravtin". Ulcers are treated with antiseptics and anti-inflammatory gels: Vinylin, Miramistin. Immunomodulators are prescribed. If the disease lasts a long time, physiotherapy is carried out and, if necessary, sanitation of the oral cavity.
Herpetic stomatitis in children how to treat, now we'll find out.

At the first sign, you need to see a dentist. Antiviral drugs are prescribed: "Viferon", "Acyclovir" and others. For lubrication and rinsing, antiseptic agents are prescribed. At high temperatures, antipyretics are prescribed. From the age of two, local immunomodulators are recommended.
Candidiasis stomatitis. Accompanied by a white coating in the oral cavity. How to treat stomatitis in the tongue, palate, lips?

Affected areas are treated with fungicidaldrugs. Children over two years old can be lubricated with Lugol's solution. For a newborn, the Candide remedy is suitable. Systemic antifungals are prescribed.

If a child has stomatitis for 2 years, how to treat? At this age, the baby already understands a lot. He can be shown how to properly rinse his mouth, and explain that the medicine should not be swallowed. Means used for rinsing - pharmacy tinctures, decoctions, solutions. An excellent remedy for a small patient is a solution based on herbs "Stomatofit".

After two years, the child can be given pills. They are used to treat the fungus that causes the disease.

How to treat stomatitis for a child at 3 years old? Getting rid of the disease is the same as described above. It is worth noting, no matter how old the baby is, he needs proper care. Parents must strictly comply with all doctor's prescriptions. This is one of the determining factors for effective treatment.

Principles of treatment of a one-year-old child

Now let's talk about how to treat stomatitis in children 1 year old. You can help the baby not only in a hospital, but also at home. The first thing to do is, if possible, eliminate the factors that caused the disease. The whole process of getting rid of the disease includes:

Washing the mouth with solutions prepared from medicinal plants: oak bark, chamomile. Products containing vitamins.
The oral cavity is lubricated with antiviral ointments prescribed by the doctor. A cotton swab is smeared with ointment. Damaged areasget wet with it.
In order for the baby, when eating, not to feel pain, anesthesia of the oral cavity is performed.
An integrated approach is used to treat inflammatory processes. Means are used that can strengthen the baby's immunity.

Now let's talk about how to treat stomatitis at home using traditional medicine:

To get rid of the fungal form, the following solution is suitable: one teaspoon of soda is mixed with a glass of water. This tool wipes the baby's mouth.
A solution with calendula or chamomile will help relieve pain and inflammation. One tablespoon of flowers is poured into a glass of boiling water and infused for an hour.
To combat ulcers, a one percent solution of brilliant green is used. They lubricate the wounds.
Treat stomatitis in a year, if that is the age of the child, you can use beaten egg whites and half a glass of water at room temperature. This recipe is the most popular. This solution will rinse the baby's mouth.
It will help to cope with stomatitis and ordinary potatoes. The mashed vegetable is applied to the wounds.
Freshly squeezed carrot juice will also help to cope with the disease.

Healing products for children

Baby has stomatitis. How to treat this disease at home for a child? The conversation will be about healing gels:

Kamistad is recommended for babies from three months. This tool helps with the bacterial and infectious form of the disease. It will relieve swelling, sootheinflammatory process. The gel is applied to the oral mucosa and gums no more than three times a day.
Children who are one year old are prescribed "Holisal". It will reduce pain, lower the temperature. It will help to cope with white plaque and itching. This product should not be taken with antipyretic drugs.
Children aged ten to twelve are prescribed "Lidochlor". Before eating, the gel is applied to the mucous membrane. This will help reduce discomfort and soothe itching.

Remember! Antiseptics should be used for no more than six days. If stomatitis recurs frequently, anesthetic sprays and gels are prohibited.

Let's talk a little more about stomatitis in children, how to treat this ailment at home. If ulcers appear, then use healing drugs. They will reduce the inflammatory process. For children, you can use the following tools:

"Vinilin". Recommended for babies. Cheeks and gums are treated five times a day. The remedy is applied after meals. Before applying the ointment, the oral mucosa is cleaned with a solution of soda.
Herbal preparation "Stomatofit". Suitable for children over four years old. Designed for rinsing. Before use it is diluted with boiled water. The mouth is rinsed after eating.
Paste "Solcoseryl". Suitable for those children who can hold the medicine in their mouth for several minutes without swallowing. Before applying the agent, the oral mucosa is cleaned of white plaque. You can use herbal decoctions. After that, the oral cavity is dried, and the woundsprocessed. Remember! The product must not be rubbed in.

Diet

Speaking of how to treat stomatitis in the mouth, you should remember about nutrition. This applies not only to children, but also to adults.

During illness it is very difficult to chew solid food. That is why it should be ground or crushed with a blender. Hot dishes should not be eaten, they will damage the mucous membrane.
Exclude from the diet all fatty, s alty, smoked and fried foods.
Food should be light, he althy. A great option is cereals, yogurts, fruits and vegetables.
Give preference to carrots, apples, pumpkins, peaches, sweet peppers. These products contain a large amount of ascorbic acid, and it helps to increase immunity.
It is useful to include sea fish, chicken fillet and boiled eggs in the menu. It is advisable to give up citrus fruits. Their juice irritates the oral mucosa.

It is not difficult to cure the disease, the main thing is to know how to treat stomatitis in the mouth at home. It is necessary to strictly follow all the recommendations of the doctor. Rinse your mouth with disinfectant decoctions, treat wounds with ointments.

Treatment of disease in adults

How to get rid of the illness of children, we have already learned. Now let's talk about adults.

Treatment is largely the same, but there is also a difference.

Herpetic stomatitis. For treatment, the following scheme is used:

The anesthetic drugs "Lidochlor" and "Lidocaine" are taken. Anti-inflammatory agents of local action- rosehip oil, "Kamistad", "Solcoseryl", "Kholisal". Antiviral drugs "Zovirax", "Lysozyme", "Acyclovir", "Bonafton". Remember! These drugs are prescribed by a doctor. Immunomodulators - "Cycloferon" and "Immunal".
Aphthous stomatitis. Always proceeds in a chronic form. The disease can last for years. Treatment regimen:

Wounds are treated with boric acid with a decoction of chamomile: a tablespoon of plant flowers, three hundred milliliters of water, four grams of boric acid. It is necessary to constantly moisten the oral cavity with a preparation prepared on the basis of tablets. An ointment of sea buckthorn oil is applied to the affected area. You can use Kalanchoe juice. Sodium sulfate is administered intravenously for detoxification. Injections are given throughout the treatment. Vitamin therapy is prescribed.
Candidiasis stomatitis. Diagnosed in people with weak immunity. During treatment are prescribed:

Antifungal drugs of general action: "Irunin", "Pimafucin", "Fluconazole". Local antifungal drugs: nystatin ointment, Miconazole gel. Rinse your mouth regularly with a 1% baking soda solution.

We'll have to give up dairy products, sweets, starchy foods.

Traditional medicine in the treatment of stomatitis in adults

This is another way to get rid of stomatitis. As soon as the ailment has made itself felt, start rinsing the mouth several timesper day, especially after meals. Clean warm water will do.

To reduce pain, a solution with hydrogen peroxide is suitable. One teaspoon is added to half a glass of water.
This tool will also help. You can simply chew an aloe leaf or lubricate the gums with the juice of this plant or Kalanchoe.
Take three large cloves of garlic. They rub off. Two teaspoons of yogurt are added to the gruel. The mixture warms up a little and stays in the mouth. There will be a burning sensation, but you have to be patient. You can mix garlic gruel with yogurt. The procedure is carried out three times a day until complete recovery.
You can grind raw potatoes into a pulp and apply to inflamed gums.
Five times a day, you should rinse your mouth with infusion of kombucha. On the second day, the sores begin to dry out, and after another two days they disappear completely.
Another great recipe. Chicken egg protein is mixed with one ampoule of five percent novocaine. A cotton swab is taken, moistened in a solution and applied to the wounds. The procedure is carried out before and after meals.

Medicines used to treat disease:

Tincture of St. John's wort on vodka. The ratio is one to five. Used for rinsing the gums and mouth. Half a glass of water is taken, forty drops of the solution are added.
Twenty grams of chamomile flowers are poured into one glass of water, infused. Then add four grams of boric acid to the solution. used asantiseptic when rinsing.
One tablespoon of calendula flowers is poured with one glass of boiling water. Ten minutes boiled, filtered. Used for rinsing the mouth.

From the first days of the discovery of the disease, drink multivitamins. Medicinal teas with herbs can not only be taken orally, but also rinse your mouth with them. They will help relieve inflammation and pain.

General tips for treating stomatitis in adults

Continue talking about stomatitis. How to treat this disease at home for an adult? If we are talking about catarrhal, then you can not go to the doctor. It will be enough to rinse the mouth with an antiseptic solution and lubricate the wounds with honey.

Now let's talk about which doctor treats stomatitis. This is a dentist. His opinion should be listened to, and it is this:

Don't be afraid to use painkillers. The pain syndrome can be very strong, so that even eating is impossible.
Basic therapy for stomatitis is antiseptic and anti-inflammatory drugs. You can use absorbable lozenges, irrigation solutions.
After consulting a doctor, you can take antiviral, antifungal and antihistamine drugs. They are not always used. Only a specialist can make the right appointment.
Ulcers break the epithelium. After the inflammatory process is removed, it is necessary to restore the epithelium. For these purposes are used: "Carotolin",Solcoseryl.

Sent or not

We figured out a little what stomatitis is, how to treat this disease at home. But there is one more question that will interest many - how the disease is transmitted and whether it is contagious.

It all depends on the type of disease. Now let's talk about each of them.

Aphthous. The safest. Most often, it is not transmitted from person to person. True, the disease can occur against the background of other viral infections. With such an etiology, infection with the infection itself is possible. Aphthous stomatitis is contagious for newborns and children up to six months old if an injury has become the cause of the problem. In crumbs, the mucous membrane is not yet protected. Pathogenic microbes can be transmitted to another child during the use of toys, utensils, nipples.
Viral. This species is dangerous and contagious. In a short time, it can be transmitted to many people. Its pathogens are adenoviruses, enteroviruses, herpes, chicken pox, influenza and parainfluenza. Ways of charging: airborne (coughing, sneezing, exhaling air), contact, household (using common hygiene items), internal (through blood). The disease lasts about ten days (including an incubation period).
Herpetic. The source is the herpes virus. Having entered the body once, herpes will periodically appear. Most often, this species affects children from one to three years of age. Immunity received at birth no longer works, and acquired is not able to fight the disease. Ways of transmission - aerosol, contact, household, internal.
Bacterial. Babies suffer the most. They have not yet formed the microflora of the oral cavity. The disease is transmitted from baby to baby by contact and airborne droplets. Adults can get infected too. It is enough to have mechanical damage in the oral cavity.
Fungal. It usually occurs in the elderly and infants. The reason is the weak protective function of the body. More "strong" segments of the population can also get sick. Infection occurs through dishes, toys, by contact.
Traumatic stomatitis is not dangerous to others.

Only after the cause of the disease has been established and its type determined, it will be possible to decide how to treat stomatitis in adults in the mouth. This applies not only to adults, but also to children.

Prevention of stomatitis

Prevention is better than cure for stomatitis in adults and children.

Here are some tips to help keep you safe:

Observe the rules of oral hygiene. In order not to injure the oral cavity, choose a soft or medium hard toothbrush. Use dental floss carefully. Choose a paste without sodium lauryl sulfate.
Don't eat solid food. The mucous membrane of the mouth can be damaged by chips, crackers. The cause of the disease can be hot drinks, spicy and s alty foods, alcohol.
Visit your dentist periodically. He will check his teeth. Eliminate sharp edges and chips, correct dentures. If you have braces, they must be waxed.
Eat right. Don't forget multivitamins. They will help strengthen the immune system.
Try to get rid of bad habits.
Be sure to wash your hands not only before eating, but also several times during the day.
If possible, do not worry, try to "remove" stress from life.
Do not share utensils.

Heed these tips to keep yourself safe.